International journal of mass emergencies and disasters最新文献_第2页

Designing a federal portfolio approach for understanding complex climate events: Disruption, resilience, and recovery among small- and medium-sized businesses 为理解复杂气候事件设计一种联邦投资组合方法:中小型企业的破坏、恢复和恢复

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/02807270231171505

A. Zycherman, J. Helgeson

{"title":"Designing a federal portfolio approach for understanding complex climate events: Disruption, resilience, and recovery among small- and medium-sized businesses","authors":"A. Zycherman, J. Helgeson","doi":"10.1177/02807270231171505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02807270231171505","url":null,"abstract":"At the U.S. Department of Commerce, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Climate and Adaptation Partnerships (CAP) Program and the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST) Community Resilience Program (CRP) collaborate on a portfolio of research projects, across national and regional scales that explore small- and medium-sized business (SMB) disruption and resilience to complex climate events. Some of the most significant costs associated with the impact of weather and climate disasters stem from disruptions experienced by SMBs, but the full extent of immediate and downstream impacts on communities can only be fully understood over time. The NOAA-NIST portfolio of projects uses social science framing to bridge federal research priorities that typically orient around specific hazards and risks, with sector-specific (i.e. SMBs) climate change resilience needs. This approach lends itself to a deeper understanding of complex climate events by focusing on cascading and compound events, including both acute and chronic exposures, as well as the broader social structures that formulate a variety of socio-economic stressors and that can exacerbate both vulnerability to impacts and recovery potential over time. In this commentary, we describe the development of the research portfolio and highlight the importance of the complex event framework and cross-agency cooperation in the federal approach to understanding and addressing climate change. This approach moves beyond considerations relevant to discrete risk types or events, to uncover the social and sectoral spaces in which conditions for impacts and recovery are formed and realized across multiple geographies and over time. Understanding the formulation of complex events, and in this demonstrative case how SMB operators across communities learn about and implement resilience measures, is key for effective and equitable climate services and building community resilience.","PeriodicalId":84928,"journal":{"name":"International journal of mass emergencies and disasters","volume":"76 1","pages":"39 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77434450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applying the results of a U.S.-based national resilient design education study in the field and the classroom during disaster recovery operations 将美国国家弹性设计教育研究的结果应用于灾难恢复行动的现场和课堂

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/02807270231173656

Gavin Smith, Mai Thi Nguyen

{"title":"Applying the results of a U.S.-based national resilient design education study in the field and the classroom during disaster recovery operations","authors":"Gavin Smith, Mai Thi Nguyen","doi":"10.1177/02807270231173656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02807270231173656","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the results of a study assessing the state of disaster resilient design education at U.S. colleges and universities including architecture, building sciences, land use planning, landscape architecture, and engineering. Based on our findings, we describe proposed future directions for resilient design education, including drawing lessons from a disaster recovery case study titled the Hurricane Matthew Disaster Recovery and Resilience Initiative (HMDRRI). This two-year student and faculty engagement effort assisted six hard-hit under-resourced communities based on a set of needs identified by participating jurisdictions that were not being addressed by governmental or non-profit agencies and organizations. Understood in the context of the study, HMDRRI has been used to address identified educational shortfalls found in our research and to further the goals of two graduate certificate programs advancing disaster resilience. The key aims of both programs are to build the skills required of the next generation of researchers and practitioners to better understand the complexities of disaster recovery and to apply that experiential knowledge to help improve disaster recovery processes and outcomes throughout their careers.","PeriodicalId":84928,"journal":{"name":"International journal of mass emergencies and disasters","volume":"148 1","pages":"150 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80632069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-term housing recovery among Mexican immigrants: How service providers navigate racialized anti-immigrant disaster recovery policies 墨西哥移民的长期住房恢复:服务提供者如何驾驭种族化的反移民灾难恢复政策

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/02807270231171359

Melissa Villarreal

{"title":"Long-term housing recovery among Mexican immigrants: How service providers navigate racialized anti-immigrant disaster recovery policies","authors":"Melissa Villarreal","doi":"10.1177/02807270231171359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02807270231171359","url":null,"abstract":"Disasters are increasing in frequency and intensity. Much of the current disaster literature adopts a social vulnerability perspective, which considers how political, social, and economic factors influence pre-disaster preparation and post-disaster recovery. Even with this focus, however, there remains a dearth of literature on immigrant populations and their long-term recovery trajectories. This paper applies a racial formation framework to a disaster context. I seek to show how service providers from community-based organizations (CBOs) navigate racialized anti-immigrant disaster recovery policies to help the Mexican immigrant community in Houston, Texas with their long-term housing recovery after Hurricane Harvey. I conducted semi-structured interviews and ethnographic observations with service providers from CBOs located in Houston that serve this population with post-disaster housing. I argue that the disaster recovery system is comprised of racial structures and racialized anti-immigrant policies, passively and actively limiting the access to resources for the Mexican immigrant community. I found that to challenge the racial structures and racialized anti-immigrant policies of the disaster recovery system, service providers assist the community through direct assistance to Mexican immigrants excluded from other programs; collaboration with other organizations to combine limited resources; helping the community navigate racialized anti-immigrant bureaucracy; and building trust by embedding themselves in the victimized community. However, findings also show that these organizations face significant challenges in conducting their work. This research brings a much-needed theoretical expansion of race and racialization theories to disaster research.","PeriodicalId":84928,"journal":{"name":"International journal of mass emergencies and disasters","volume":"34 1","pages":"133 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88641663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Open and shut: Identifying activity patterns by volunteer organizations active in disaster using space-time permutation scan statistics 打开和关闭:使用时空排列扫描统计信息识别在灾难中活跃的志愿者组织的活动模式

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/02807270231171629

Byron Ifediora, Bethany B. Cutts

{"title":"Open and shut: Identifying activity patterns by volunteer organizations active in disaster using space-time permutation scan statistics","authors":"Byron Ifediora, Bethany B. Cutts","doi":"10.1177/02807270231171629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02807270231171629","url":null,"abstract":"After a catastrophic flood, the pace of residential cleanup is an important precondition of community resilience. When the process is fast, cleanup reduces additional health or economic risks by preventing structural or electrical damage from escalating. Mobilizing volunteers to complete cleanup work quickly is a challenge that the U.S. Natural Disaster Recovery Framework has assigned to the nonprofit sector. Nonprofit coordination networks—such as those convened through volunteer organizations active in disaster (VOAD) in the United States—aim to create systems of communication that improve the efficiency and equity of post-disaster cleanup. However, the process of coordination and the conditions that encourage quick action remain understudied. The aim of this paper is to identify the impacts of network coordination on the timeline of post-disaster cleanup using geospatial analytics. To do this, we apply a space-time permutation scan statistic (STPSS) to data on the speed at which organizations from the North Carolina VOAD (NC VOAD) closed requests for volunteer assistance following Hurricane Florence in 2018. STPSS results identify clusters of requests that were filled at different speeds through space and time. In total, we identified six space-time clusters indicative of coordinated cleanup. Exploration of clustered data helps to generate new questions about why coordination sometimes happened months after the disaster and suggests ways to use data exploration to inform network function and to leverage the unique capacities of individual nonprofits while also prioritizing housing resilience in socially vulnerable communities.","PeriodicalId":84928,"journal":{"name":"International journal of mass emergencies and disasters","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135529157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climbing the Ladder Toward Security: Co-Creating a Safer Finland 攀登通往安全的阶梯:共同创造一个更安全的芬兰

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/028072702204000303

H. Raisio, A. Puustinen, V. Valtonen

引用次数: 0

Bounce Rap as Resistance to Imposed Resilience 弹跳说唱作为对强加弹性的抵抗

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/028072702204000311

N. Baker

引用次数: 0

Disaster Subculture Can Save Lives 灾难亚文化可以拯救生命

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/028072702204000310

K. Engel, J. Warner, G. Frerks

引用次数: 0

Fostering Recovery Through Social Connections 通过社会关系促进康复

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/028072702204000308

Timothy J. Haney

引用次数: 0

Acknowledgments from the Editors 编者致谢

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819064-7.00025-x

Shi-Kai (Sky) Huang, Tristan Wu

引用次数: 0

Perceptions Drive Protective Actions During Influenza Outbreaks 认知驱动流感爆发期间的保护行动

International journal of mass emergencies and disasters Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/028072702204000305

Hung-Lung Wei, M. Lindell, Carla S. Prater, Jiuchang Wei, Fei Wang, Y. Ge

引用次数: 0