International congress series最新文献_第7页

Premature coronary artery disease and apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A-I 过早冠状动脉疾病与载脂蛋白B和载脂蛋白A-I

International congress series Pub Date : 2007-08-01 Epub Date: 2007-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.019

A.F. Ayyobi , A. Zambon , J.D. Brunzell

{"title":"Premature coronary artery disease and apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A-I","authors":"A.F. Ayyobi , A. Zambon , J.D. Brunzell","doi":"10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Premature coronary artery disease classic risk factors primarily include increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), as more recently shown elevated apolipoprotein B or reduced apolipoprotein A-I levels. Extensive characterization of familial and genetic dyslipidaemia has led to identification of specific defects in lipid metabolism associated with increased risk of premature coronary artery disease. Probands of these families with common genetic forms of dyslipidaemia were studied to determine if apoB or apoA-I defines genetic groups and if apoB or apoA-I levels relate to premature coronary artery disease risk. Elevated apoB was characteristic of familial hypercholesterolemia, familial combined hyperlipidaemia (FCHL and was seen in individuals with elevated Lp(a). Normal apoB levels were seen in familial hypertriglyceridaemia and in ‘coronary artery disease with low-HDL cholesterol’. ApoA-I levels were found to be low in FCHL and were decreased in familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia (FHA). However, in familial hypertriglyceremia, even though HDL-C levels were low, normal apoA-I and apoB levels were seen in the absence of premature coronary artery disease. Therefore, in genetic dyslipidaemias elevated apoB levels and reduced apoA-I levels (or increased apoB/A-I ratio) differ and predict premature coronary artery disease suggesting a great potential for routine screening of apoB and apoA-I in determination of CAD risk and response to therapy.</div>","PeriodicalId":84918,"journal":{"name":"International congress series","volume":"1303 ","pages":"Pages 85-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"97278097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

When and how to restore β-cell function? 何时及如何恢复β细胞功能?

International congress series Pub Date : 2007-08-01 Epub Date: 2007-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.029

Francesca Pancani, Roberto Lupi, Roberto Miccoli, Piero Marchetti, Stefano Del Prato

引用次数: 1

International congress series Pub Date : 2007-08-01 Epub Date: 2007-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ics.2007.01.065

引用次数: 0

The anti-atherogenic properties of HDL particles 高密度脂蛋白颗粒的抗动脉粥样硬化特性

International congress series Pub Date : 2007-08-01 Epub Date: 2007-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ics.2007.04.003

G. Zuliani, G.B. Vigna, R. Fellin

{"title":"The anti-atherogenic properties of HDL particles","authors":"G. Zuliani, G.B. Vigna, R. Fellin","doi":"10.1016/j.ics.2007.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ics.2007.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>High density lipoproteins (HDLs) are a class of lipoproteins characterized by small diameter and high density. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that HDL cholesterol levels are inversely and independently related to the incidence of coronary heart disease. The mechanisms involved in HDL protection against atherosclerosis are uncertain, but the beneficial effect of HDLs might be the consequence of its properties. The best known of them is related to the “reverse cholesterol transport”, i.e. the transfer of cholesterol from non-hepatic cells to the liver. Second, HDLs exert anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the expression of adhesion molecules by endothelial cells and the subsequent transmigration of monocytes. Third, HDLs have antioxidant activity through the anti-oxidative properties of apoprotein A-I, and the presence of enzymes such as paraoxonase, glutathione-peroxidase, and PAF acetylhydrolase. Fourth, HDLs display an anti-thrombotic effect by inhibiting platelets aggregation, reducing von Willebrand factor levels, and enhancing the activity of activated protein C and S. Fifth, HDLs have a beneficial effect on endothelial function by activating endothelial NO synthase and enhancing NO release. Finally, high HDL-C has been associated with “longevity syndrome” while low HDL-C has been related to the “frailty syndrome”, suggesting a possible role of HDL in the phenomenon of successful aging.</div>","PeriodicalId":84918,"journal":{"name":"International congress series","volume":"1303 ","pages":"Pages 103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ics.2007.04.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"111486786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Acknowledgements and Introduction 致谢及介绍

International congress series Pub Date : 2007-08-01 Epub Date: 2007-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/S0531-5131(07)00394-9

引用次数: 0

Efficacy and safety of pioglitazone: The proactive study 吡格列酮的有效性和安全性:前瞻性研究

International congress series Pub Date : 2007-08-01 Epub Date: 2007-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.018

Paolo Brunetti

引用次数: 0

Inhibition of synthesis and absorption of cholesterol: A new option in managing hypercholesterolemia 抑制胆固醇的合成和吸收:治疗高胆固醇血症的新选择

International congress series Pub Date : 2007-08-01 Epub Date: 2007-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ics.2007.04.004

Liliana Grigore , Giuseppe Danilo Norata , Alberico L. Catapano

{"title":"Inhibition of synthesis and absorption of cholesterol: A new option in managing hypercholesterolemia","authors":"Liliana Grigore , Giuseppe Danilo Norata , Alberico L. Catapano","doi":"10.1016/j.ics.2007.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ics.2007.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Although widely used in lipid lowering therapy, HMG CoA reductase inhibitors or statins (even when administered at high doses) are frequently insufficient to achieve guideline-recommended LDL-C goals for many patients with hypercholesterolemia in everyday clinical practice. Often over half of patients do not achieve LDL-C goal on the initial dose of statin and most of these patients do not reach goal neither after 6 months. Thus, a wide therapeutic gap exists between target LDL-C levels and those typically achieved in clinical practice. A recent and more effective therapeutic strategy, therefore, is to treat the two main sources of cholesterol simultaneously (production of cholesterol, mainly in the liver, and absorption of cholesterol in the intestine) with a complementary mechanism of action, by co-administering ezetimibe, a novel agent inhibiting cholesterol absorption, together with a statin, which inhibits cholesterol production in the liver. Ezetimibe can be effectively co-administered with any dose of any statin and, compared with single inhibition of cholesterol production, afforded by statins alone, provides consistently greater reductions in LDL-C through Dual Inhibition of both cholesterol production and absorption. Here we summarize the pivotal role of both the liver and intestine in the overall balance of cholesterol in the body and describe the clinical impact and relevance of inhibiting both sources of cholesterol either by using ezetimibe/simvastatin as a single tablet or co-administering ezetimibe together with any dose of any statin.</div>","PeriodicalId":84918,"journal":{"name":"International congress series","volume":"1303 ","pages":"Pages 121-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ics.2007.04.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"95188304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Lifestyle and outcome among patients with type 2 diabetes 2型糖尿病患者的生活方式和预后

International congress series Pub Date : 2007-08-01 Epub Date: 2007-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.022

Gang Hu , Jaakko Tuomilehto

{"title":"Lifestyle and outcome among patients with type 2 diabetes","authors":"Gang Hu , Jaakko Tuomilehto","doi":"10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Type 2 diabetes is one of the fastest growing public health problems in both developed and developing countries. Cardiovascular disease is the most prevalent complication of type 2 diabetes. Data from prospective studies have shown that regular physical activity is an efficient tool in the prevention of cardiovascular disease events in type 2 diabetic patients. The favorable association of physical activity with longevity was observed regardless of the levels of body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and smoking. Several dietary factors modify the risk of type 2 diabetes, and also the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. For instance coffee drinking reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes in the population, and furthermore in type 2 diabetic patients it is associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular risk. Results from clinical trials have indicated that lifestyle changes, including dietary modification and increase in physical activity, can prevent type 2 diabetes. Public health messages, health care professionals, and the health care system should strongly promote physical activity and healthy nutritional habits during daily life and prevent overweight and obesity. Prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes should start from the prevention of diabetes itself.</div>","PeriodicalId":84918,"journal":{"name":"International congress series","volume":"1303 ","pages":"Pages 160-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"100110853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Inflammation and macrophage infiltration in adipose tissue: A link between diabetes and atherosclerosis 脂肪组织中的炎症和巨噬细胞浸润:糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化之间的联系

International congress series Pub Date : 2007-08-01 Epub Date: 2007-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ics.2007.04.002

Rossella Menghini, Renato Lauro, Massimo Federici

引用次数: 0

Cerebrovascular disease in type 2 diabetes 2型糖尿病的脑血管疾病

International congress series Pub Date : 2007-08-01 Epub Date: 2007-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.017

Markku Laakso, Johanna Kuusisto

{"title":"Cerebrovascular disease in type 2 diabetes","authors":"Markku Laakso, Johanna Kuusisto","doi":"10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Type 2 diabetes is associated with at least 2-fold elevated risk for all macrovascular complications, coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral vascular disease. The prevalence and incidence of hemorrhagic stroke is not higher among subjects with type 2 diabetes than in non-diabetic subjects. Therefore, an excess risk of stroke is due to high occurrence of ischemic strokes. High LDL cholesterol, elevated blood pressure, smoking, low HDL cholesterol, high levels of total triglycerides and insulin, central obesity, impaired glucose tolerance and atrial fibrillation have been associated with the risk of stroke. Diabetic patients with stroke should receive effective antihypertensive therapy, lipid-lowering medication, medication to obtain good glycemic control, and anti-platelet therapy. Surgical revascularization is indicated in patients with hemodynamically significant internal carotid artery atherosclerosis independently of symptoms. Patients with atrial fibrillation should be on anticoagulation therapy.</div>","PeriodicalId":84918,"journal":{"name":"International congress series","volume":"1303 ","pages":"Pages 65-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ics.2007.03.017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"105501961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11