Gazette最新文献

{"title":"Communication Research and Political Commitment","authors":"J. Downing","doi":"10.1177/0016549205057544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549205057544","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84790,"journal":{"name":"Gazette","volume":"67 1","pages":"535 - 537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0016549205057544","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65088285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Looking Back and Looking Forward","authors":"P. Golding","doi":"10.1177/0016549205057545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549205057545","url":null,"abstract":"The 50th anniversary of one of our most respected journals is not only a time for congratulations. It is also a valuable cue that we should stop hiding behind the defensive posture of being ‘a young field’ to remind ourselves, and others, of what are now rather venerable and important traditions of scholarship. When the founding father of British social science, Herbert Spencer, published his seminal (and surprisingly profitable) book The Study of Sociology in 1873, he was prompted in part by his irritation at what readers would find in press simplifications. For example, ‘In newspapers, they have often met with comparisons between the numbers of criminals who can read and write and the numbers who can not; and finding the numbers who can not greatly exceed the numbers who can, they accept the inference that ignorance is the cause of crime’ (Spencer, 1887: 361). The new science of society, he hoped, would correct such facile media generalizations. Serious study for employment in media occupations was not much later in developing. In a report for the 1892 annual meeting of the national Institute of Journalists it was agreed that proper examinations were required for would-be journalists, including questions on the first book of Euclid, Latin translation, and the geography of the British Empire (Bainbridge, 1984: 55). We have moved on from then, though journalism education in universities in the UK, at least, has been a relatively recent development. But the rigorous and elaborated scholarly analysis of the media and the culture they disseminate has had firm institutional bases in British universities for nearly half a century. We inhabit a field perhaps a little overly concerned with examining its roots and prospects. The anniversary of a journal is a moment for celebration rather than introspection. Two thoughts follow. First, let’s stop being defensive. For several years in the 1990s I was the chair of the UK subject association for the field. In that time, I devoted much energy to responding to often hysterical denunciation of media research and scholarship appearing in the press and political debate. One newspaper, for example, reported that, ‘Thousands of GAZETTE: THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR COMMUNICATION STUDIES","PeriodicalId":84790,"journal":{"name":"Gazette","volume":"67 1","pages":"539 - 542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0016549205057545","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65088780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communication Research and the Need for Shifting Paradigms - Again","authors":"S. Splichal","doi":"10.1177/0016549205057554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549205057554","url":null,"abstract":"Theorizing and investigating the constantly changing social conditions, which substantially affect the communication of human beings, should remain (or become, as a matter of fact) the primary task or ‘mission’ of communication studies. This does not imply that they should produce claims related to ideal communication acts that are supposedly good in themselves although opposed to reality, but related to what it is already time for due to the existing practical conditions, to paraphrase Horkheimer’s famous idea. Such attempts may be seen as ‘non-productive’ – because they do not advance the existence of the past in the present, or the present in the future – yet they are productive in a more fundamental sense: they ‘construe’ facts that materially do not yet exist, but have ample potential to exist, and they confront barriers that do not allow for their practical realization. In that sense, communication like any other social research always implies (maybe just tacitly assumes) normative and regulative components that link theory, research and social action. Attempts to regulate human communication (either in order to liberate or to censor it) are even older than those trying to understand and theorize its human nature and its inherent laws. While the former date back to at least the invention of writing technology, the latter were invigorated only by the period of Enlightenment (although one could also argue that in a sense, Plato’s and Aristotle’s discussions of rhetoric represent the very beginning of such efforts). But regardless of how we assess the relationship between regulation and research and the social character of that relationship in different societies, cultures and historical periods, we must realize that communication research has never been ‘regulation-free’. The results of social research may always invite, or be used for ‘therapy’ by social action. Both ‘administrative research’, as a prototype of linking specific problems and tools identified with interpretations of findings that support – explicitly or implicitly – the status quo of society, and critical research (or ‘theory’ for that matter), are motivated by the idea of having some bearing on regulatory capacities. The latter may be either those of individuals effectuating their personal GAZETTE: THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR COMMUNICATION STUDIES","PeriodicalId":84790,"journal":{"name":"Gazette","volume":"67 1","pages":"561 - 563"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0016549205057554","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65088824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communication Sciences - Instrumentalism vs Contextualism","authors":"G. Kopper","doi":"10.1177/0016549205057555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549205057555","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84790,"journal":{"name":"Gazette","volume":"67 1","pages":"565 - 567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0016549205057555","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65088867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Framing of Politics","authors":"Ivana Segvic","doi":"10.1177/0016549205056054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549205056054","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores 11 years of content in three well-circulating Croatian newspapers, Vjesnik, Slobodna Dalmacija and Feral Tribune. Utilizing framing theory, the author examines how the three papers differed in their presentation of the Croatian government from 1990 through 2000. Using a sample of 1400 articles, the use of specific frames and the presentation of antagonists and protagonists in the articles’ content are examined.","PeriodicalId":84790,"journal":{"name":"Gazette","volume":"67 1","pages":"469 - 488"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0016549205056054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65088586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mission Accomplished? Framing of the Iraq War in the Elite Newspapers in Sweden and the United States","authors":"D. Dimitrova, J. Strömbäck","doi":"10.1177/0016549205056050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549205056050","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the framing of the 2003 Iraq War in the elite newspapers in Sweden and the US, Dagens Nyheter and The New York Times. The content analysis revealed significant differences between the two papers: the military conflict frame was more common for the US war coverage while the responsibility and anti-war protest frames were more common for the Swedish war coverage. Both newspapers offered human interest stories and media self-references. The US newspaper, however, relied more heavily on official government and military sources. In addition, the tone of war coverage differed across the two nations, with Swedish reporting being more negative overall. Implications of the differences in war coverage as well as possible reasons rooted in the national media and political systems are discussed.","PeriodicalId":84790,"journal":{"name":"Gazette","volume":"67 1","pages":"399 - 417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0016549205056050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65088371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Euro-Vision","authors":"L. d’Haenens","doi":"10.1177/0016549205056051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549205056051","url":null,"abstract":"This article monitors news coverage on the European Union and EU-related matters in terms of news frames and news discourses adopted in online versions of seven quality newspapers (six European and one American) over a period of four months (December 2001-March 2002). During this period the EU Council Summit was held in Laeken, Belgium, on 14 and 15 December 2001. The selection of the national quality press outlets is carried out on the basis of a general, significant readership and centrality to the current media debate on European issues in the country. The seven countries are interesting cases in terms of their varying role in the history of European integration as well as their current attitude towards the EU. The research literature identifies five recurrent news frames (conflict, human interest, economic consequences, morality and responsibility): this article assesses the relative visibility of each of these news frames in the coverage on the EU and its institutions in the news outlets under study. Furthermore, it asks which discourse is more dominant when it comes to the shaping of European identity as portrayed in the news reporting. Four types of discourse (culture, expansion, in- and exclusion and power) are examined.","PeriodicalId":84790,"journal":{"name":"Gazette","volume":"67 1","pages":"419 - 440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0016549205056051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65088429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Alternatives or Traditional News Gates","authors":"Shahira S Fahmy","doi":"10.1177/0016549205056048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549205056048","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines news sources used to visually portray the 11 September 2001 attack and the war in Afghanistan in the English-language newspaper The International Herald Tribune and the Arabic-language newspaper Al-Hayat. Differences were noted between news sources of images depicting the 9/11 attack and the Afghan War. However, despite these differences, the vast majority of photographs were from the main western news agencies: AP, AFP and Reuters. Results overall suggest, while there is no indication of changes in patterns of information flow, western news agencies provide a variety of news to be framed differently by different media.","PeriodicalId":84790,"journal":{"name":"Gazette","volume":"67 1","pages":"381 - 398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0016549205056048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65088016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Framing the Battle for the White House","authors":"F. Gan, Joo Leng Teo, B. Detenber","doi":"10.1177/0016549205056052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549205056052","url":null,"abstract":"The unprecedented 2000 US Presidential Election provided the context for this study, which investigates patterns of news framing in two leading national newspapers. A comparative content analysis was conducted on all the election articles published in Singapore’s The Straits Times and France’s Le Monde between 7 October and 20 December 2000 (N = 484). Significant differences in dominant frames employed in the two newspapers were found, suggesting a link between journalistic ideology and framing. Although both papers used the horse race frame frequently, the authors observed in tandem with this frame an unexpectedly high use of the issue/policy frame in Le Monde, which casts doubt on the assumption that the horse race frame is emphasized at the expense of issue coverage. The study also found that routine framing procedures were disrupted with the inability of the US to elect its president, and a new event-specific constitutional crisis frame emerged.","PeriodicalId":84790,"journal":{"name":"Gazette","volume":"67 1","pages":"441 - 467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0016549205056052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65088471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sixty Years of Showing the World to America","authors":"Hun Shik Kim, Zoe Smith, Susan D. Moeller","doi":"10.1177/0016549205054280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0016549205054280","url":null,"abstract":"News photographs of international events serve Americans as a visual medium for understanding other cultures and countries. However, a content analysis of 60 years of Pulitzer Prize-winning photographs (1942-2002) reveals that the major visual themes of the prize-winning photographs depicting international news events are predominantly about war and coups. On the other hand, the Pulitzer Prize-winning photographs taken in the US reveal more diverse themes and subjects, although they, too, tend to concentrate on bad news, like crime and terrorism, social problems, racism and poverty. Based on the content analysis and personal interviews with the judges, it is believed that the Prize’s most important determinants of international news photography appear to be violence and conflict with a consideration of the photographers’ demonstration of courage producing the pictures.","PeriodicalId":84790,"journal":{"name":"Gazette","volume":"67 1","pages":"307 - 323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0016549205054280","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65088096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}