arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics最新文献_第6页

Venus as a Nearby Exoplanetary Laboratory 金星作为附近的系外行星实验室

arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-08-05 DOI: 10.3847/25C2CFEB.8B7ACED6

S. Kane, G. Arney, P. Byrne, D. Crisp, S. Domagal‐Goldman, C. Goldblatt, D. Grinspoon, J. Head, A. Lenardic, V. Meadows, C. Unterborn, M. Way

{"title":"Venus as a Nearby Exoplanetary Laboratory","authors":"S. Kane, G. Arney, P. Byrne, D. Crisp, S. Domagal‐Goldman, C. Goldblatt, D. Grinspoon, J. Head, A. Lenardic, V. Meadows, C. Unterborn, M. Way","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.8B7ACED6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.8B7ACED6","url":null,"abstract":"The key goals of the astrobiology community are to identify environments beyond Earth that may be habitable, and to search for signs of life in those environments. A fundamental aspect of understanding the limits of habitable environments and detectable signatures is the study of where such environments can occur. Thus, the need to study the creation, evolution, and frequency of environments hostile to habitability is an integral part of the astrobiology story. The study of these environments provides the opportunity to understand the bifurcation between habitable and uninhabitable conditions on planetary bodies. The archetype of such a planet is Earth's sibling planet, Venus, which provides a unique opportunity to explore the processes that created a completely uninhabitable environment and thus define the conditions that rule out bio-related signatures. We advocate a continued comprehensive study of our neighboring planet, to include models of early atmospheres, compositional abundances, and Venus-analog frequency analysis from current and future exoplanet data. Critically, new missions to Venus that provide in-situ data are necessary to address the major gaps in our current understanding, and to enable us to take the next steps in characterizing planetary habitability.","PeriodicalId":8459,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84076649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Broadband, millimeter-wave anti-reflective structures on sapphire ablated with femto-second laser 飞秒激光烧蚀蓝宝石的宽频毫米波抗反射结构

arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-07-30 DOI: 10.1063/5.0022765

R. Takaku, S. Hanany, H. Imada, H. Ishino, N. Katayama, K. Komatsu, K. Konishi, M. Kuwata-Gonokami, T. Matsumura, K. Mitsuda, H. Sakurai, Y. Sakurai, Q. Wen, N. Yamasaki, K. Young, J. Yumoto

{"title":"Broadband, millimeter-wave anti-reflective structures on sapphire ablated with femto-second laser","authors":"R. Takaku, S. Hanany, H. Imada, H. Ishino, N. Katayama, K. Komatsu, K. Konishi, M. Kuwata-Gonokami, T. Matsumura, K. Mitsuda, H. Sakurai, Y. Sakurai, Q. Wen, N. Yamasaki, K. Young, J. Yumoto","doi":"10.1063/5.0022765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0022765","url":null,"abstract":"We designed, fabricated, and measured anti-reflection coating (ARC) on sapphire that has 116% fractional bandwidth and transmission of at least 97% in the millimeter wave band. The ARC was based on patterning pyramid-like sub-wavelength structures (SWS) using ablation with a 15 W femto-second laser operating at 1030 nm. One side of each of two discs was fabricated with SWS that had a pitch of 0.54 mm and height of 2 mm. The average ablation volume removal rate was 1.6 mm$^{3}$/min. Measurements of the two-disc sandwich show transmission higher than 97% between 43 and 161 GHz. We characterize instrumental polarization (IP) arising from differential transmission due to asymmetric SWS. We find that with proper alignment of the two disc sandwich RMS IP across the band is predicted to be 0.07% at normal incidence, and less than 0.6% at incidence angles up to 20 degrees. These results indicate that laser ablation of SWS on sapphire and on other hard materials such as alumina is an effective way to fabricate broad-band ARC.","PeriodicalId":8459,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77984687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

The Importance of Prioritizing Exoplanet Experimental Facilities 系外行星实验设施优先排序的重要性

arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-07-28 DOI: 10.3847/25C2CFEB.85CFE526

E. Kohler, Chao He, S. Moran, S.-H. Dan Shim, K. Brugman, Aleisha C. Johnson, P. Vergeli, M. Thompson, Heather Graham, M. Gudipati, B. Fleury, B. Henderson

引用次数: 0

Exobodies in Our Back Yard: Science from Missions to Nearby Interstellar Objects 我们后院的外天体:从任务到附近星际物体的科学

arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-07-23 DOI: 10.3847/25C2CFEB.2DDCF231

T. Eubanks, J. Schneider, A. Hein, A. Hibberd, R. Kennedy

{"title":"Exobodies in Our Back Yard: Science from Missions to Nearby Interstellar Objects","authors":"T. Eubanks, J. Schneider, A. Hein, A. Hibberd, R. Kennedy","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.2DDCF231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.2DDCF231","url":null,"abstract":"The recent discovery of the first confirmed Interstellar Objects (ISOs) passing through the Solar System on clearly hyperbolic objects opens the potential for near term ISO missions, either to the two known objects, or to similar objects found in the future. Such ISOs are the only exobodies we have a chance of accessing directly in the near future. This White Paper focuses on the science possible from in situ spacecraft exploration of nearby ISOs. Such spacecraft missions are technically possible now and are suitable potential missions in the period covered by the 2023-2032 Decadal Survey. Spacecraft missions can determine the structure and the chemical and isotopic composition of ISO in a close flyby coupled with a small sub-probe impactor and either a mass spectrometer or a high resolution UV spectrometer; this technology will also be useful for fast missions to TransNeptune Objects (TNOs) and long period comets. ISO exploration holds the potential of providing considerable improvements in our knowledge of galactic evolution, of planetary formation, and of the cycling of astrobiologically important materials through the galaxy.","PeriodicalId":8459,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83469066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF ASTROPHYSICAL OBJECTS AND PROCESSES 天体物理对象和过程的数学建模

arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-07-22 DOI: 10.30525/978-9934-588-86-0.01

I. Andronov, V. Breus, L. S. Kudashkina

引用次数: 2

Priority Questions for Jupiter System Science in the 2020s and Opportunities for Europa Clipper 21世纪20年代木星系统科学的优先问题和木卫二快船的机遇

arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.3847/25C2CFEB.C7248004

K. Sayanagi, T. Becker, S. Brooks, S. Brueshaber, E. Dahl, I. Pater, R. Ebert, M. E. Moutamid, L. Fletcher, K. Jessup, Alfred McEwen, P. Molyneux, L. Moore, J. Moses, Quentin N'enon, G. Orton, C. Paranicas, M. Showalter, L. Spilker, M. Tiscareno, J. Westlake, M. Wong, C. Young

引用次数: 0

A Lesson from the James Webb Space Telescope: Early Engagement with Future Astrophysics Great Observatories Maximizes their Solar System Science 詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜的一个教训:早期参与未来的天体物理学大天文台最大化他们的太阳系科学

arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.3847/25C2CFEB.C23241AF

H. Hammel, S. Milam

引用次数: 0

Exoplanets in our Backyard: A report from an interdisciplinary community workshop and a call to combined action 我们后院的系外行星:一份来自跨学科社区研讨会的报告和联合行动的呼吁

arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.3847/25C2CFEB.8E6C355A

G. Arney, N. Izenberg, S. Kane, K. Mandt, V. Meadows, A. Rymer, L. Quick, P. Byrne

{"title":"Exoplanets in our Backyard: A report from an interdisciplinary community workshop and a call to combined action","authors":"G. Arney, N. Izenberg, S. Kane, K. Mandt, V. Meadows, A. Rymer, L. Quick, P. Byrne","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.8E6C355A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.8E6C355A","url":null,"abstract":"This is a white paper submitted to the Planetary Science and Astrobiology Decadal Survey. The Exoplanets in our Backyard meeting was born out of a recognition of the value and potential of interdisciplinary, cross-divisional exoplanet and solar system research, and to encourage and grow the community of researchers working at this intersection. This first-ever inter-assessment group (AG) meeting (organized by members of the Venus Exploration, Outer Planets, and Exoplanet AGs, or VEXAG, OPAG, and ExoPAG, respectively), successfully brought together solar system and exoplanetary scientists from different backgrounds and NASA divisions, fostered communication between researchers whose paths had never crossed at a meeting before, and spurred new collaborations. The meeting was held at the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston, TX on February 5-8, 2020 immediately following the OPAG meeting hosted at the same location. The meeting was attended by approximately 110 scientists on site, and 20-30 online participants. The success of this meeting should be capitalized upon and its momentum carried forward to promote fruitful scientific and programmatic discussion, partnerships, and research going forward. This white paper summarizes the meeting, and discusses the findings and action items that resulted.","PeriodicalId":8459,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78338050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Habitability Models for Planetary Sciences 行星科学的宜居性模型

arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-07-10 DOI: 10.3847/25C2CFEB.20609A88

Abel M'endez, Edgard G. Rivera-Valent'in, D. Schulze‐Makuch, J. Filiberto, Ramses M. Ram'irez, T. Wood, A. D'avila, C. Mckay, K. O. Ceballos, Marcos Jusino-Maldonado, Guillermo Nery, R. Heller, P. Byrne, M. Malaska, E. Nathan, Marta Filipa Simões, André Antunes, Jes'us Mart'inez-Fr'ias, L. Carone, N. Izenberg, D. Atri, Humberto I. Carvajal Chitty, Priscilla Nowajewski-Barra, Frances Rivera-Hern'andez, C. Brown, K. Lynch, D. Catling, J. Zuluaga, J. Salazar, Howard Chen, G. Gonz'alez, Madhu Kashyap Jagadeesh, R. Barnes, C. Cockell, J. Haqq‐Misra

{"title":"Habitability Models for Planetary Sciences","authors":"Abel M'endez, Edgard G. Rivera-Valent'in, D. Schulze‐Makuch, J. Filiberto, Ramses M. Ram'irez, T. Wood, A. D'avila, C. Mckay, K. O. Ceballos, Marcos Jusino-Maldonado, Guillermo Nery, R. Heller, P. Byrne, M. Malaska, E. Nathan, Marta Filipa Simões, André Antunes, Jes'us Mart'inez-Fr'ias, L. Carone, N. Izenberg, D. Atri, Humberto I. Carvajal Chitty, Priscilla Nowajewski-Barra, Frances Rivera-Hern'andez, C. Brown, K. Lynch, D. Catling, J. Zuluaga, J. Salazar, Howard Chen, G. Gonz'alez, Madhu Kashyap Jagadeesh, R. Barnes, C. Cockell, J. Haqq‐Misra","doi":"10.3847/25C2CFEB.20609A88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/25C2CFEB.20609A88","url":null,"abstract":"Habitability has been generally defined as the capability of an environment to support life. Ecologists have been using Habitat Suitability Models (HSMs) for more than four decades to study the habitability of Earth from local to global scales. Astrobiologists have been proposing different habitability models for some time, with little integration and consistency between them and different in function to those used by ecologists. In this white paper, we suggest a mass-energy habitability model as an example of how to adapt and expand the models used by ecologists to the astrobiology field. We propose to implement these models into a NASA Habitability Standard (NHS) to standardize the habitability objectives of planetary missions. These standards will help to compare and characterize potentially habitable environments, prioritize target selections, and study correlations between habitability and biosignatures. Habitability models are the foundation of planetary habitability science. The synergy between the methods used by ecologists and astrobiologists will help to integrate and expand our understanding of the habitability of Earth, the Solar System, and exoplanets.","PeriodicalId":8459,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79302554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Inferring the properties of a population of compact binaries in presence of selection effects 在存在选择效应的情况下，推断紧致双星群的性质

arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-07-10 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-4702-7_45-1

S. Vitale, D. Gerosa, W. Farr, S. Taylor

引用次数: 38