arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics最新文献_第2页

Organised randoms: Learning and correcting for systematic galaxy clustering patterns in KiDS using self-organising maps 有组织的随机:学习和纠正系统的星系团模式在儿童使用自组织地图

arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202040136

H. Johnston, A. Wright, B. Joachimi, Maciej Bilicki, N. E. Chisari, A. Dvornik, T. Erben, B. Giblin, C. Heymans, H. Hildebrandt, H. Hoekstra, S. Joudaki, M. Vakili

{"title":"Organised randoms: Learning and correcting for systematic galaxy clustering patterns in KiDS using self-organising maps","authors":"H. Johnston, A. Wright, B. Joachimi, Maciej Bilicki, N. E. Chisari, A. Dvornik, T. Erben, B. Giblin, C. Heymans, H. Hildebrandt, H. Hoekstra, S. Joudaki, M. Vakili","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202040136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202040136","url":null,"abstract":"We present a new method for the mitigation of observational systematic effects in angular galaxy clustering via corrective random galaxy catalogues. Real and synthetic galaxy data, from the Kilo Degree Survey's (KiDS) 4$^{rm{th}}$ Data Release (KiDS-$1000$) and the Full-sky Lognormal Astro-fields Simulation Kit (FLASK) package respectively, are used to train self-organising maps (SOMs) to learn the multivariate relationships between observed galaxy number density and up to six systematic-tracer variables, including seeing, Galactic dust extinction, and Galactic stellar density. We then create `organised' randoms, i.e. random galaxy catalogues with spatially variable number densities, mimicking the learnt systematic density modes in the data. Using realistically biased mock data, we show that these organised randoms consistently subtract spurious density modes from the two-point angular correlation function $w(vartheta)$, correcting biases of up to $12sigma$ in the mean clustering amplitude to as low as $0.1sigma$, over a high signal-to-noise angular range of 7-100 arcmin. Their performance is also validated for angular clustering cross-correlations in a bright, flux-limited subset of KiDS-$1000$, comparing against an analogous sample constructed from highly-complete spectroscopic redshift data. Each organised random catalogue object is a `clone' carrying the properties of a real galaxy, and is distributed throughout the survey footprint according to the parent galaxy's position in systematics-space. Thus, sub-sample randoms are readily derived from a single master random catalogue via the same selection as applied to the real galaxies. Our method is expected to improve in performance with increased survey area, galaxy number density, and systematic contamination, making organised randoms extremely promising for current and future clustering analyses of faint samples.","PeriodicalId":8431,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84234791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Nuw CDM cosmology from the weak-lensing convergence PDF 弱透镜收敛的新CDM宇宙学

arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-12-14 DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab1381

A. Boyle, C. Uhlemann, O. Friedrich, A. Barthelemy, S. Codis, F. Bernardeau, C. Giocoli, M. Baldi

{"title":"Nuw CDM cosmology from the weak-lensing convergence PDF","authors":"A. Boyle, C. Uhlemann, O. Friedrich, A. Barthelemy, S. Codis, F. Bernardeau, C. Giocoli, M. Baldi","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stab1381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1381","url":null,"abstract":"Pinning down the total neutrino mass and the dark energy equation of state is a key aim for upcoming galaxy surveys. Weak lensing is a unique probe of the total matter distribution whose non-Gaussian statistics can be quantified by the one-point probability distribution function (PDF) of the lensing convergence. We calculate the convergence PDF on mildly non-linear scales from first principles using large-deviation statistics, accounting for dark energy and the total neutrino mass. For the first time, we comprehensively validate the cosmology-dependence of the convergence PDF model against large suites of simulated lensing maps, demonstrating its percent-level precision and accuracy. We show that fast simulation codes can provide highly accurate covariance matrices, which can be combined with the theoretical PDF model to perform forecasts and eliminate the need for relying on expensive N-body simulations. Our theoretical model allows us to perform the first forecast for the convergence PDF that varies the full set of $Lambda$CDM parameters. Our Fisher forecasts establish that the constraining power of the convergence PDF compares favourably to the two-point correlation function for a Euclid-like survey area at a single source redshift. When combined with a CMB prior from Planck, the PDF constrains both the neutrino mass $M_nu$ and the dark energy equation of state $w_0$ more strongly than the two-point correlation function.","PeriodicalId":8431,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90182057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Imprint of ultralight vector fields on gravitational wave propagation 超光矢量场对引力波传播的影响

arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-12-14 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.103.123546

Alfredo D. Miravet, A. L. Maroto

引用次数: 3

QCD axion and gravitational waves in light of NANOGrav results 基于nanogravity结果的QCD轴子和引力波

arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-12-12 DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVD.103.063031

Nicklas Ramberg, L. Visinelli

引用次数: 21

On the relationship between Type Ia supernova luminosity and host-galaxy properties Ia型超新星光度与宿主星系性质的关系

arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.1093/MNRASL/SLAB034

Y. Murakami, B. Stahl, Keto D. Zhang, Matthew Chu, E. McGinness, K. Patra, A. Filippenko

{"title":"On the relationship between Type Ia supernova luminosity and host-galaxy properties","authors":"Y. Murakami, B. Stahl, Keto D. Zhang, Matthew Chu, E. McGinness, K. Patra, A. Filippenko","doi":"10.1093/MNRASL/SLAB034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MNRASL/SLAB034","url":null,"abstract":"A string of recent studies have debated the possible presence of an evolutionary trend between the peak luminosity attained by Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and the properties of the galaxies that host them. We shed new light on the discussion by presenting an analysis of ~200 low-redshift SNe Ia in which we measure the separation of Hubble residuals (HR; as probes of luminosity) between two host-galaxy morphological types (as a probe of both age and mass). We show that this separation can test the predictions made by recently proposed models, using an independently and empirically determined distribution of each morphological type in host-property space. Our results are consistent with the previously known HR-mass step (or slope), but inconsistent with newly proposed HR-age slopes, which we find to significantly overstate what amounts only to a slight trend. In addition, we show that these two trends -- HR-mass and HR-age correlation -- need to be consistent with each other, given the significant correlation that we identify between age and mass in a sample of galaxies. While our result clearly rejects the recently proposed large HR-age slope, the correlations between mass, age, morphology, and HR values are evident, keeping the HR-age slope relevant as an interesting topic for discussion. Our results encourage further studies to determine the physical origin of this relation between host environments and luminosity of SNe~Ia.","PeriodicalId":8431,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79159055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Partially constrained internal linear combination: A method for low-noise CMB foreground mitigation 部分约束内线性组合:一种低噪声微波背景前景抑制方法

arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-12-07 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.103.103510

Y. S. Abylkairov, O. Darwish, J. Hill, B. Sherwin

{"title":"Partially constrained internal linear combination: A method for low-noise CMB foreground mitigation","authors":"Y. S. Abylkairov, O. Darwish, J. Hill, B. Sherwin","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevD.103.103510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.103.103510","url":null,"abstract":"Internal Linear Combination (ILC) methods are some of the most widely used multi-frequency cleaning techniques employed in CMB data analysis. These methods reduce foregrounds by minimizing the total variance in the coadded map (subject to a signal-preservation constraint), although often significant foreground residuals or biases remain. A modification to the ILC method is the constrained ILC (cILC), which explicitly nulls certain foreground components; however, this foreground nulling often comes at a high price for ground-based CMB datasets, with the map noise increasing significantly on small scales. In this paper we explore a new method, the partially constrained ILC (pcILC), which allows us to optimize the tradeoff between foreground bias and variance in ILC methods. In particular, this method allows us to minimize the variance subject to an inequality constraint requiring that the constrained foregrounds are reduced by at least a fixed factor, which can be chosen based on the foreground sensitivity of the intended application. We test our method on simulated sky maps for a Simons Observatory-like experiment; we find that for cleaning thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) contamination at $ell in [3000,4800]$, if a small tSZ residual of 20% of the standard ILC residual can be tolerated, the variance of the CMB temperature map is reduced by at least 50% over the cILC value. We also demonstrate an application of this method to reduce noise in CMB lensing reconstruction.","PeriodicalId":8431,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73393478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Probability distribution function of the aperture mass field with large deviation theory 大偏差理论孔径质量场的概率分布函数

arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-12-07 DOI: 10.1093/MNRAS/STAB818

A. Barthelemy, S. Codis, F. Bernardeau

{"title":"Probability distribution function of the aperture mass field with large deviation theory","authors":"A. Barthelemy, S. Codis, F. Bernardeau","doi":"10.1093/MNRAS/STAB818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MNRAS/STAB818","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of tomographic cosmic shear surveys, a theoretical model for the one-point statistics of the aperture mass (Map) is developed. This formalism is based on the application of the large deviation principle to the projected matter density field and more specifically to the angular aperture masses. The latter holds the advantage of being an observable that can be directly extracted from the observed shear field and to be, by construction, independent from the long wave modes. Furthermore we show that, with the help of a nulling procedure based on the so-called BNT transform, it is possible to build observables that depend only on a finite range of redshifts making them also independent from the small-scale modes. This procedure makes predictions for the shape of the one-point Probability Distribution Function of such an observable very accurate, comparable to what had been previously obtained for 3D observables. Comparisons with specific simulations reveal however inconsistent results showing that synthetic lensing maps were not accurate enough for such refined observables. It points to the need for more precise dedicated numerical developments whose performances could be benchmarked with such observables. We furthermore review the possible systematics that could affect such a formalism in future weak-lensing surveys like Euclid, notably the impact of shape noise as well as leading corrections coming from lens-lens couplings, geodesic deviation, reduced shear and magnification bias.","PeriodicalId":8431,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89810956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Strategies to detect dark-matter decays with line-intensity mapping 用线强度映射探测暗物质衰变的策略

arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVD.103.063523

J. Bernal, A. Caputo, M. Kamionkowski

{"title":"Strategies to detect dark-matter decays with line-intensity mapping","authors":"J. Bernal, A. Caputo, M. Kamionkowski","doi":"10.1103/PHYSREVD.103.063523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVD.103.063523","url":null,"abstract":"The nature of dark matter is a longstanding mystery in cosmology, which can be studied with laboratory or collider experiments, as well as astrophysical and cosmological observations. In this work, we propose realistic and efficient strategies to detect radiative products from dark-matter decays with line-intensity mapping (LIM) experiments. This radiation will behave as a line interloper for the atomic and molecular spectral lines targeted by LIM surveys. The most distinctive signatures of the contribution from dark-matter radiative decays are an extra anisotropy on the LIM power spectrum due to projection effects, as well as a narrowing and a shift towards higher intensities of the voxel intensity distribution. We forecast the minimum rate of decays into two photons that LIM surveys will be sensitive to as function of the dark-matter mass in the range $sim 10^{-6}-10$ eV, and discuss how to reinterpret such results for dark matter that decays into a photon and another particle. We find that both the power spectrum and the voxel intensity distribution are expected to be very sensitive to the dark-matter contribution, with the voxel intensity distribution being more promising for most experiments considered. Interpreting our results in terms of the axion, we show that LIM surveys will be extremely competitive to detect its decay products, improving several orders of magnitudes (depending on the mass) the sensitivity of laboratory and astrophysical searches, especially in the mass range $sim 1-10$ eV.","PeriodicalId":8431,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80391365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Cosmological bound on neutrino masses in the light of H0 tension 在H0张力下中微子质量的宇宙学束缚

arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-11-30 DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVD.103.083516

Toyokazu Sekiguchi, Tomo Takahashi

引用次数: 8

mg-mamposst: a code to test modifications of gravity with internal kinematics and lensing analyses of galaxy clusters 一个代码测试修改的重力与内部运动学和星系团的透镜分析

arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Pub Date : 2020-11-30 DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab1727

L. Pizzuti, I. Saltas, L. Amendola

{"title":"mg-mamposst: a code to test modifications of gravity with internal kinematics and lensing analyses of galaxy clusters","authors":"L. Pizzuti, I. Saltas, L. Amendola","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stab1727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1727","url":null,"abstract":"We present an upgraded version of emph{MG-MAMPOSSt}, a code to constrain modified gravity models with the dynamics of galaxy cluster's members, based on the original emph{MAMPOSSt} method, along with an application to forecasts. Given an input for the velocity field of member galaxies, the code solves the Jeans' equation to provide a likelihood analysis for the free parameters of the gravity theory, that is, the mass profile and modified gravity parameters. The new version implements two distinct types of gravity modifications, namely general chameleon (including $f(R)$ models) and Beyond Horndeski gravity (Vainshtein screening), and is further equipped with a Monte-Carlo-Markov-Chain module for an efficient parameter space exploration. The program is complemented by the ClusterGEN code, capable of producing mock galaxy clusters under the assumption of spherical symmetry and dynamical equilibrium. The code is written in Fortran and we plan to make it publicly available. Its technical aspects will be presented elsewhere. We demonstrate the potential of the method in an ideal situation by analysing a set of synthetic, isolated and spherically-symmetric dark matter halos, focusing on the statistical degeneracies between model parameters. Assuming the availability of additional lensing-like information, we forecast the constraints on the modified gravity parameters for the two classes of models presented from joint lensing+dynamics analyses in view of upcoming galaxy cluster surveys.","PeriodicalId":8431,"journal":{"name":"arXiv: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87587715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6