Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia最新文献

{"title":"Pseudoexfoliation material deposits in a 43-year-old patient with an implantable collamer lens.","authors":"Nikolaos Dervenis, Panagiotis Dervenis","doi":"10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8397,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia","volume":"88 5","pages":"e20240410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"360° trabeculotomy ab externo with double access for the treatment of congenital glaucoma.","authors":"Flávia S Villas Boas, Ana Catharina Pinho Costa, Christiane Rolim-de-Moura, Carolina P B Gracitelli","doi":"10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to describe the technique, feasibility, efficacy, and safety of 360° trabeculotomy ab externo with double access for the treatment of congenital glaucoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This paper provides a detailed description of the 360° trabeculotomy ab externo with double access used to treat pediatric glaucoma. The postoperative outcomes of six eyes from six patients who underwent this procedure for primary and secondary congenital glaucoma are also reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six eyes from six patients were included in this study. The median age of the patients at the time of surgery was 1.25 yr (range: 0.27-5.41 yr). The mean preoperative intraocular pressure was 25 ± 5.87 mmHg (range: 18-35 mmHg). At baseline, the mean number of hypotensive eye drop medications used was 2 ± 0.63. Postoperatively, the mean intraocular pressure decreased to 10 ± 2.20 mmHg (range: 9-14 mmHg), and none of the patients required hypotensive eye drops. The most common postoperative complication was hyphema, observed in one case on the first postoperative day; however, it resolved within 7 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 360° trabeculotomy ab externo with double access is a valuable addition to the surgical options for pediatric glaucoma. This technique facilitates a complete 360° ab externo opening of the trabecular meshwork while enhancing surgical safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":8397,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia","volume":"88 5","pages":"e20240197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific production and impact of citations by scholarship researchers in the area of ophthalmology of CNPq.","authors":"Gustavo Dias Macedo, Árlen Almeida Duarte de Sousa, Janini Tatiane Souza Maia, Daniella Reis Barbosa Martelli, Luciano Sólia Násser, Hercílio Martelli Júnior","doi":"10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8397,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia","volume":"88 4","pages":"e20240413"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of various daily disposable contact lens materials on contrast sensitivity.","authors":"Burcu Nurözler Tabakci, Seda Duran Güler, Gül Varan, Petek Aksöz, Yusuf Yildirim","doi":"10.5935/0004-2749.2025-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2025-0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to compare the effects of three different daily disposable contact lens materials on contrast sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The participants were aged 18-45 years, with spherical equivalent refraction between -0.50 D and -6.00 D, astigmatism below 0.75 D, and best contact lens-corrected visual acuity of 0.0 logMAR or better. Each patient was fitted binocularly with three daily disposable contact lenses made of different materials on three separate examination days. These materials were kalifilcon A, senofilcon A, and verofilcon A. The contrast sensitivity of each patient was recorded at spatial frequencies of 3, 6, 12, and 18 cycles per degree (cpd) under photopic (85 cd/m2) and mesopic (3 cd/m2) conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The current study comprised 72 eyes of 34 female and two male patients. The mean age of the participants was 25.63 (± 0.80) years. Under photopic conditions, the participants' contrast sensitivity was significantly better with senofilcon A than with kalifilcon A at a frequency of 12 cpd (p=0.008). Under mesopic conditions, participants' contrast sensitivity was significantly higher with kalifilcon A than verofilcon A at 3 cpd (p=0.001), and with senofilcon A than verofilcon A at 12 cpd (p=0.004). The pre-lens non-invasive break-up times did not differ significantly between the three daily disposable contact lenses (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In both photopic and mesopic lighting conditions, the participants in this study exhibited differences in contrast sensitivity when wearing three different daily disposable contact lens types, despite similar visual acuity and pre-lens tear film stability results in their clinical evaluations. These findings demonstrate the potential for subjective visual complaints arising from variations in the contrast sensitivity achieved by different daily disposable contact lenses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8397,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia","volume":"88 5","pages":"e20250015"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of factors influencing axial length changes in adolescents wearing corneal reshaping lenses.","authors":"Guangbin Zhong, Ruinian Zheng, Linyi Luo","doi":"10.5935/0004-2749.2025-0074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2025-0074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to identify factors influencing axial length changes in adolescents wearing orthokeratology lenses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 84 adolescents (aged 9-17 yr) who wore orthokeratology lenses at our hospital. Axial length changes were calculated as the difference between the first and last visits. Patients were categorized into two groups based on axial length change: lower-than-average and higher-than-average. Data on sex, age at orthokeratology lens initiation, family history, initial equivalent spherical lens value, initial cylindrical lens value, initial average K value, and initial axial length were collected. Univariate and mixed-effects model analyses were performed to assess their influence on axial length changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age (p<0.05) and initial equivalent spherical value (p<0.05) were significant predictors of axial length changes in both eyes and the left eye. For the right eye, only age was a significant factor (p<0.05). The mixed-effects model revealed that the difference between the left and right eyes, duration of orthokeratology lens use, age, initial equivalent spherical lens value, and initial axial length significantly influenced axial length changes in adolescents (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The factors influencing axial length changes in adolescents wearing orthokeratology lenses differ between the left and right eyes. These changes depend on the duration of lens wear, age, initial equivalent spherical lens value, and initial axial length. This study provides a theoretical basis for evaluating the clinical efficacy of orthokeratology lenses in managing myopia progression in adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":8397,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia","volume":"88 5","pages":"e20250074"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eye removal procedures at an urban level 1 trauma center.","authors":"Sruthi Kodali, Yael Steinberg, Afshin Parsikia, Joyce N Mbekeani","doi":"10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the changes in the rates and indications of eye removal procedures during the recent COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The medical records of all patients who underwent eye removal from 2007 to 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The patient demographic data and indications for surgery were collected. Data from two groups of patients (prepandemic surgery and postpandemic surgery) were compared. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-nine patients underwent enucleation (69%), evisceration (27%), or exenteration (3%). The mean (SD) age of the patients was 55.9 (19.4) years, and most (69%) of the patients were males. Most (47%) of the study population were Black. The common indications for eye removal were trauma (41%), painful blind eye (34%), and infection/inflammation (24%). The types of trauma were assault (55%), accidental (39%), and self-inflicted (6%). The mean (SD) monthly rates of eye removal increased from 0.25 (0.50) in the prepandemic period to 0.77 (0.91) during the pandemic (p<0.001). These increases were noted in both males (p=0.003) and females (p=0.001) and were the highest among Black patients [0.42 (0.76); p<0.001]. Among the indications of eye removal, painful blind eyes [0.35 (0.75); p<0.001] and ocular trauma [0.31 (0.47); p=0.051] exhibited the greatest increases following the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The rate of eye removal procedures increased during the recent pandemic. Although delayed care of chronic eye conditions may have contributed to the increased rates of painful blind eyes, the increased trauma-related eye removals may be attributed to the simultaneous spike in violent assaults in New York City.</p>","PeriodicalId":8397,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia","volume":"88 5","pages":"e20240312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of retinal nerve fiber and ganglion cell layer abnormalities using optical coherence tomography in thyroid-associated orbitopathy.","authors":"Alisson Lima Andrade, Thiago Pereira Faria, Roberta Lilian Fernandes de Sousa Meneghim, Mitsuo Hashimoto, Edson Nacib Jorge, Silvana Artioli Schellini, Eliane Chaves Jorge","doi":"10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0103","DOIUrl":"10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate abnormalities in the retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell layer in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy using optical coherence tomography and to examine their relationship with disease severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 74 participants, comprising 45 individuals with thyroid-associated orbitopathy and 29 healthy controls. All subjects underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination and optical coherence tomography using the Cirrus HD-OCT. The clinical activity score and the European Group on Graves' Orbitopathy severity were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the thyroid-associated orbitopathy group, the mean peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was significantly reduced in the temporal quadrant (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in ganglion cell layer thickness across all sectors when compared with the control group. Besides, a significant correlation was observed between orbitopathy severity and decreased mean peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Optical coherence tomography may serve as a useful tool for identifying changes in the retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell layer in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy, including in the inactive phase and prior to the clinical manifestation of dysthyroid optic neuropathy. It may be a helpful adjunct in monitoring disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":8397,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia","volume":"88 5","pages":"e20240103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravitreal aflibercept alone versus combination with dexamethasone phosphate for diabetic macular edema: A randomized phase-2 clinical trial.","authors":"Valesca Castro Neri, Rodrigo Pessoa Cavalcanti Lira, Andrea Andrade Azevedo de Vasconcelos, Pedro Henrique Lasalvia Jorge, Gabriel Rocha Lira, Victor da Cunha Lima Almeida","doi":"10.5935/0004-2749.2025-0098","DOIUrl":"10.5935/0004-2749.2025-0098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the short-term (3-month) outcomes of intravitreal aflibercept injections versus intravitreal aflibercept combined with dexamethasone sodium phosphate in treating diabetic macular edema.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this Phase-2 clinical trial, 16 eyes of 16 participants with diabetic macular edema were randomly assigned to one of 2 groups. Participants in the aflibercept monotherapy group received 2 mg of intravitreal aflibercept (0.05 mL), while those in the combination therapy group received 2 mg of intravitreal aflibercept (0.05 mL) plus 0.04 mg dexamethasone sodium phosphate (0.01 mL). Identical injections were repeated after 30 and 60 days. The primary outcome was the change in central macular thickness, as measured by optical coherence tomography, from baseline to 1 month after the last injection. Secondary outcomes included changes in best-corrected visual acuity and intraocular pressure over the same period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean baseline central macular thickness was 444 ± 86 μm in the combination therapy group and 394 ± 96 μm in the aflibercept monotherapy group (p=0.293). By day 90, the mean reduction in central macular thickness was significantly greater in the combination therapy group (176 ± 129 μm) compared to the aflibercept monotherapy group (54 ± 49 μm; p=0.034). Best-corrected visual acuity also improved significantly more in the combination therapy group, with a median gain of 0.31 ± 0.16 LogMAR, whereas the aflibercept monotherapy group experienced a minimal change (-0.06 ± 0.13 LogMAR; p=0.020). Intraocular pressure remained stable in both groups, with no significant difference (p=0.855). None of the participants developed elevated intraocular pressure (>21 mmHg) or required ocular hypotensive medications. No significant ocular or systemic adverse events were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The addition of dexamethasone sodium phosphate to the standard intravitreal aflibercept regimen for diabetic macular edema can improve short-term structural and functional outcomes.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (RBR-7468j4q).</p>","PeriodicalId":8397,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia","volume":"88 5","pages":"e20250098"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features, management, and outcomes of posterior capsule rupture during phacoemulsification surgery.","authors":"Efe Koser, Burcu Kemer Atik, Merve Emul, Sibel Ahmet, Nilay Kandemir Besek, Mehmet Ozgur Cubuk, Ahmet Kirgiz","doi":"10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0328","DOIUrl":"10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Posterior capsule rupture is defined as an intraoperative posterior capsule tear resulting in vitreous loss. This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics, preoperative risk factors, intraoperative management strategies, and postoperative complications associated with posterior capsule rupture during phacoemulsification surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective observational cohort study of the medical records for 25,224 phacoemulsification surgeries performed at our tertiary eye care center between 2017 and 2022. We collected and collated the demographic characteristics and clinical findings of the patients in our cohort. Intraoperative management strategies and postoperative outcomes over a 1-year followup period were also recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Posterior capsule rupture occurred in 351 eyes (351 patients), giving an overall posterior capsule rupture rate of 1.3%. The mean patient age was 68.6 ± 10.8 years. Pseudoexfoliation syndrome, mature cataracts, brown cataracts, and surgery performed by a resident were identified as risk factors for posterior capsule rupture (p<0.05 for each; the risk ratios were 2.70, 2.15, 2.44, 1.34, respectively). The most common intraoperative complications were dislocated lens fragments in the vitreous (8%) and iris damage (7.1%). The mean best-corrected visual acuity improved from 1.31 ± 0.84 (logMAR) postoperatively to 0.51 ± 0.56 at the end of the 1-year follow-up period (p<0.001). Corneal edema (55.6%) and elevated intraocular pressure (33.3%) were the most common early postoperative complications. Persistently elevated intraocular pressure (11.1%) and cystoid macular edema (5.1%) were the most common late postoperative complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Posterior capsule rupture is a common complication of phacoemulsification surgery that requires prolonged postoperative follow-up and a multidisciplinary approach. Despite the increased incidence of complications when rupture occurs, appropriate intraoperative and postoperative management can lead to satisfactory visual outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8397,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia","volume":"88 5","pages":"e20240328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leukemic retinopathy.","authors":"Carolina Minelli Martines, Nicole Bulgarão Maricondi de Almeida, Newton Kara-Junior","doi":"10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.2024-0406","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8397,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia","volume":"88 5","pages":"e20240406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}