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Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University最新文献

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Food safety issues for cancer and organ transplant patients. 癌症和器官移植患者的食品安全问题。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2004-10-01
Lydia C Medeiros, Gang Chen, Patricia Kendall, Virginia N Hillers
{"title":"Food safety issues for cancer and organ transplant patients.","authors":"Lydia C Medeiros,&nbsp;Gang Chen,&nbsp;Patricia Kendall,&nbsp;Virginia N Hillers","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper explores reasons why cancer and transplant patients are at greater risk for food-borne illnesses and which pathogens and food-handling behaviors are of particular concern. Cancer and bone marrow transplant patients experience neutropenia because of medical treatments, whereas patients with solid organ transplants become immunosuppressed from a pharmacological regimen to prevent rejection of the transplanted organ. Opportunistic infections, including food-borne illnesses, may occur during periods of immunosuppression. Food-handling behaviors and practices to control food-borne illnesses were presented to focus groups and during interviews with cancer and transplant patients and health care providers. Credibility of the food safety information, credibility of the person providing the advice, and sensitivity to the restrictions imposed on the patient's lifestyle by food safety guidance were key themes from the focus group and interview study. The information gathered will help health care providers aid the cancer or transplant patient with their knowledge and understanding of food safety and their greater risk for food-borne infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"7 4","pages":"141-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25062224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Food irradiation: a safe and useful technology. 食品辐照:一项安全实用的技术。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2004-10-01
Robin Brett Parnes, Alice H Lichtenstein
{"title":"Food irradiation: a safe and useful technology.","authors":"Robin Brett Parnes,&nbsp;Alice H Lichtenstein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prevention of disease is a core public health mission. Food-borne illness is a major source of preventable morbidity and mortality. Each year, an estimated 76 million illnesses, 325,000 hospitalizations, and 5200 deaths due to food-borne illness occur in the United States. Research findings show that irradiating food can both greatly reduce illness from food-borne pathogens and extend food shelf life by delaying ripening, inhibiting spoilage, and minimizing contamination. However, because the food industry has historically been reluctant to sell irradiated foods, food irradiation remains an underutilized technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"7 4","pages":"149-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25062223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microbial food-borne diseases. 微生物食源性疾病。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2004-10-01
Isabel Walls
{"title":"Microbial food-borne diseases.","authors":"Isabel Walls","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"7 4","pages":"131-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25061842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using risk-based approaches for managing microbial food safety. 采用基于风险的方法管理微生物食品安全。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2004-10-01
Isabel Walls
{"title":"Using risk-based approaches for managing microbial food safety.","authors":"Isabel Walls","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"7 4","pages":"156-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25062225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nutritional support in acute pancreatitis. 急性胰腺炎的营养支持。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2004-07-01
Dejan Radenkovic, Colin D Johnson
{"title":"Nutritional support in acute pancreatitis.","authors":"Dejan Radenkovic,&nbsp;Colin D Johnson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper reviews the current practice of nutritional support in acute pancreatitis. Appropriate interventions depend on the severity and duration of the pancreatitis and its complications. Current trends are away from restriction of oral or enteral intake, instead preferring this route to parenteral administration if possible. The role of the gut mucosal barrier in the pathogensis of the systemic response in pancreatitis has led to attempts to use enteral nutritional support to prevent complications, in addition to meeting nutritional needs in patients with long-term severe illness. Many clinicians believe that the management of acute pancreatitis should start from the concept of \"pancreatic rest.\" Based on a simple understanding of pancreatic physiology and a belief that further stimulation of the pancreas during an attack of pancreatitis would exacerbate the inflammatory process by releasing more enzymes, traditional teaching has been that it is necessary to avoid all oral intake to prevent any inappropriate stimulation of pancreatic enzyme production. Accordingly, patients with acute pancreatitis are often deprived of enteral nutrition, and may be given intravenous parenteral nutritional support. Such an approach to nutritional support needs to be revised, since evidence emerging from many recent studies consistently indicates that an enteral route of nutrition is far superior.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"7 3","pages":"98-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25052640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Probiotics and prebiotics in clinical practice. 益生菌和益生元在临床中的应用。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2004-07-01
Elizabeth K Broussard, Christina M Surawicz
{"title":"Probiotics and prebiotics in clinical practice.","authors":"Elizabeth K Broussard,&nbsp;Christina M Surawicz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Probiotics are living organisms that have a beneficial therapeutic effect on the host when ingested. The bacteria Lactobacillus GG and the yeast Saccharomyces boulardii have been shown in controlled trials to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Prebiotics are non-living, indigestible polysaccharides metabolized in the intestine that induce physical and bacteriologic musocal modifications. Rather than introducing exogenous bacteria into the intestinal millieu, prebiotics stimulate certain indigenous bacteria already resident in the gut.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"7 3","pages":"104-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25052645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Food allergies and sensitivities. 食物过敏和敏感。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2004-07-01
Rosemary Hallett, Suzanne S Teuber
{"title":"Food allergies and sensitivities.","authors":"Rosemary Hallett,&nbsp;Suzanne S Teuber","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of food allergy is increasing, as is our understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Reactions may be IgE mediated, cell mediated, or a combination of the two, with the latter usually involving the skin or gastrointestinal systems. Relatively few foods are commonly involved in food allergy, despite the variety of foods in a normal diet. Suspected IgE-mediated reactions can be evaluated with skin or blood tests for specific IgE, and confirmed with food challenges if appropriate. The only current treatment for food allergy is strict avoidance and an emergency plan for accidental ingestions, but understanding the mechanisms of this disease will assist in developing new treatments for the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"7 3","pages":"122-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25052646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dietary fructose intolerance: diet modification can impact self-rated health and symptom control. 饮食果糖不耐受:饮食调整可影响自我评价的健康和症状控制。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2004-07-01
Frederick C Johlin, Mary Panther, Nancy Kraft
{"title":"Dietary fructose intolerance: diet modification can impact self-rated health and symptom control.","authors":"Frederick C Johlin,&nbsp;Mary Panther,&nbsp;Nancy Kraft","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbohydrate intolerance to lactose is widely accepted as a cause of gastrointestinal symptoms, but controversy persists on how important dietary fructose intolerance (DFI) is in causing gastrointestinal pain and suffering and if an elimination diet can control the presenting complaints. The objective of this study was to identify a group of well-defined DFI patients and explore whether dietary education followed by dietary compliance could control symptoms and improve quality of life. During a 5-year period, patients referred to a pancreato-biliary clinic were evaluated for dietary carbohydrate intolerances if they presented with gastrointestinal pain and/or gas and/or bloating and/or diarrhea. Patients were tested with a standardized mixture of glucose, fructose, and lactose diluted in sterile water. End-expiratory breath samples were collected for hydrogen and methane measurement. Symptoms were scored using a 9-point symptom questionnaire. The patients underwent in-depth education by a dietician, and were provided with access to a cookbook, a newsletter, and a support group. A dietary questionnaire was used to evaluate compliance with the fructose-restricted diet. DFI can cause significant gastrointestinal symptoms that may not respond to medications or surgical interventions. Symptoms can improve and self-rated health does improve in DFI patients willing to adhere to a low fructose diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"7 3","pages":"92-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25052712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The nutritional management of short bowel syndrome. 短肠综合征的营养管理。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2004-07-01
Christian S Jackson, Alan L Buchman
{"title":"The nutritional management of short bowel syndrome.","authors":"Christian S Jackson,&nbsp;Alan L Buchman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is the predominant cause of intestinal failure and is associated with a high degree of morbidity and mortality. One of the reasons this occurs is because of the dramatic reduction in nutrient absorptive capacity. There are many causes for the development of SBS, but the most common is extensive surgical resection. The bowel has an impressive ability to adapt both morphologically and functionally. This adaptation becomes critical in decreasing morbidity and mortality. It is also critical for the improvement of quality of life and long-term outcomes. Provision of sufficient nutritional and fluid support is essential to the management of SBS patients. The primary goal is to prevent or eliminate the need for total parenteral nutrition. Specific diets and hormonal therapy may enhance the adaptation process depending on the characteristics of the remaining bowel. For those patients who experience both intestinal failure and life-threatening complications from total parenteral nutrition, bowel transplantation may be indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"7 3","pages":"114-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25052642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nutrition and gastroenterology: a mutually supportive partnership. 营养学和胃肠病学:相互支持的伙伴关系。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2004-07-01
Joel B Mason
{"title":"Nutrition and gastroenterology: a mutually supportive partnership.","authors":"Joel B Mason","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"7 3","pages":"91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25052711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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