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Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University最新文献

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Micronutrients and HIV disease: a review pre- and post-HAART. 微量营养素与HIV疾病:haart治疗前后综述
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2005-01-01
Jane S Lanzillotti, Alice M Tang
{"title":"Micronutrients and HIV disease: a review pre- and post-HAART.","authors":"Jane S Lanzillotti,&nbsp;Alice M Tang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low serum micronutrient levels are common in HIV-positive individuals and have been associated with immune impairment, HIV disease progression, and increased mortality. Studies of micronutrient supplementation have yielded conflicting results, although several large trials suggest that multivitamin supplements, but not vitamin A, may decrease morbidity and mortality in some HIV-positive populations. Studies also suggest that antioxidant supplementation may decrease markers of oxidative stress in individuals with HIV, while selenium may enhance immune function by modulating cytokine production. Clearly, more research is needed, but current knowledge supports the use of a multivitamin supplement as a low-cost adjunct to antiretroviral treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"8 1","pages":"16-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25074468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nutrition assessment in HIV infection. HIV感染的营养评估。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2005-01-01
Jül L Gerrior, Lisa M Neff
{"title":"Nutrition assessment in HIV infection.","authors":"Jül L Gerrior,&nbsp;Lisa M Neff","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nutrition assessment is a vital component of the general care of HIV-infected adults. With access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV infection may become a chronic, manageable disease. Nutritional and metabolic complications traditionally associated with HIV infection such as hypertriglyceridemia, low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and weight loss continue to occur. However, emerging abnormalities such as regional alterations in body shape (fat re-distribution syndrome or HIV-associated lipodystrophy), increasing body weight, high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, insulin resistance, and other metabolic derangements may also be present. In addition, as patients are living longer, they may be susceptible to other age-related diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. In this article, we review strategies for nutrition assessment and management in HIV-infected adults. Attention is focused on specific symptoms such as weight loss and diarrhea and specific disorders such as lipodystrophy, micronutrient deficiencies, and dyslipidemia, which commonly affect HIV-infected individuals. Proper attention to nutritional status may help to reduce the burden of disease and promote an enhanced quality of life in HIV-infected individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"8 1","pages":"6-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25075148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dietary intake in HIV-positive persons with and without malabsorption. 有和没有吸收不良的艾滋病毒阳性患者的饮食摄入量。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2005-01-01
Kristy M Hendricks, Rachel Laferriere, Robert F Houser, Tamsin A Knox
{"title":"Dietary intake in HIV-positive persons with and without malabsorption.","authors":"Kristy M Hendricks,&nbsp;Rachel Laferriere,&nbsp;Robert F Houser,&nbsp;Tamsin A Knox","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review examines the relationship among malabsorption, diarrhea, dietary intake, and body composition in an outpatient cohort of individuals with HIV infection. Twenty-three percent of the participants had malabsorption, which was not associated with the presence of current or chronic diarrhea. In this \"outpatient\" HIV cohort with a mean body-mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m2, the presence of malabsorption did not have adverse nutritional outcomes in terms of body weight, lean body mass, hemoglobin, or albumin. The diets of those with or without malabsorption did not meet the goals of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Median dietary intake was high in percentage of total fat and saturated fat and low in total fiber intake and some key micronutrients.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"8 1","pages":"37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25074470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nutrition and HIV in the international setting. 国际环境中的营养和艾滋病毒。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2005-01-01
Christine Wanke
{"title":"Nutrition and HIV in the international setting.","authors":"Christine Wanke","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV infection has become increasingly prevalent globally, with more than 40 million infected individuals worldwide, the majority of whom live in the resource-limited world, especially sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. There are nutritional and metabolic issues that significantly impact morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected populations. In addition, malnutrition has been associated with an increased risk of transmission of HIV from infected mothers to infants, and malnutrition may further compromise HIV-infected individuals who have tuberculosis or persistent diarrheal disease. The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy will have a significant impact on the mortality of HIV, but will not completely alleviate the malnutrition associated with HIV infection in the global setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"8 1","pages":"44-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25074475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sleep Deprivation, Hunger and Satiety Hormones, and Obesity. 睡眠剥夺，饥饿和饱腹激素，和肥胖。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2005-01-01
Lisa M Neff
{"title":"Sleep Deprivation, Hunger and Satiety Hormones, and Obesity.","authors":"Lisa M Neff","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"8 1","pages":"2-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25075149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of n-3 fatty acids in prevention of disease complications in patients with HIV. n-3脂肪酸在预防HIV患者疾病并发症中的作用
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2005-01-01
Margo N Woods
{"title":"Role of n-3 fatty acids in prevention of disease complications in patients with HIV.","authors":"Margo N Woods","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance have been seen in patients with HIV. Beneficial effects of the n-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been reported for these conditions. One study of n-3 fatty acid supplementation in patients with HIV reported a decrease in serum triglyceride levels. These marine fatty acids appear to be working at a number of sites to achieve an improvement in lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. There is disagreement about the amount of n-3 fatty acids needed to achieve different effects and about the optimal ratio of dietary n-6 and n-3 fatty acids.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"8 1","pages":"24-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25075152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A word on nutrition and HIV/AIDS. 谈一下营养和艾滋病毒/艾滋病。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2005-01-01
Sherwood L Gorbach
{"title":"A word on nutrition and HIV/AIDS.","authors":"Sherwood L Gorbach","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"8 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25075147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Patient information. Symptom management. 患者信息。症状管理。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2005-01-01
{"title":"Patient information. Symptom management.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"8 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25074474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of nutrition in fat deposition and fat atrophy in patients with HIV. 营养在HIV患者脂肪沉积和脂肪萎缩中的作用。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2005-01-01
Kimberly R Dong, Kristy M Hendricks
{"title":"The role of nutrition in fat deposition and fat atrophy in patients with HIV.","authors":"Kimberly R Dong,&nbsp;Kristy M Hendricks","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV-associated body shape changes and metabolic abnormalities, called HIV-associated lipodystrophy, are being seen with increased frequency. These issues may be associated with an increased risk of other diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, or with poor adherence to antiretroviral medications. Diet may be useful in the prevention and treatment of lipodystrophy and is a cost-effective and non-toxic intervention. At present, there are limited data on nutrition and HIV-related body shape changes. The purpose of this article is to review the roles that diet may play in the development and treatment of fat deposition and fat atrophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"8 1","pages":"31-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25075150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Foodborne illness primer for physicians and other health care professionals. 食源性疾病入门医生和其他卫生保健专业人员。
Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University Pub Date : 2004-10-01
{"title":"Foodborne illness primer for physicians and other health care professionals.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foodborne illness is a serious public health problem. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), it is estimated that every year, 76 million Americans get sick, leading to over 300,000 hospitalizations and 5000 deaths. Recent outbreaks underscore Americans' vulnerability to foodborne pathogens. Primarily the very young, the elderly, and the immunocompromised are affected. Recent changes in human demographics and food preferences, changes in food production and distribution systems, and microbial adaptation have led to the emergence of novel as well as traditional foodborne diseases. With increasing travel and trade opportunities, it is not surprising that now there is a greater risk of contracting and spreading a foodborne illness locally, regionally, and even globally. To better recognize, diagnose, treat, and prevent foodborne illnesses, the Foodborne Illness Primer Working Group collaborated to publish the new, updated edition of Diagnosis and Management of Foodborne Illnesses: A Primer for Physicians and Other Health Care Professionals. Physicians and other health care professionals have a critical role in the prevention and control of food-related disease outbreaks. This primer is intended to provide practical and concise information on the diagnosis, treatment, reporting, and prevention of foodborne illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":83835,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition in clinical care : an official publication of Tufts University","volume":"7 4","pages":"134-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25061781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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