Heart disease (Hagerstown, Md.)最新文献

{"title":"Dose-response relationships of the protective and antiprotective effects of acute ethanol exposure in isolated rabbit hearts.","authors":"Maike Krenz,&nbsp;Xi-Ming Yang,&nbsp;Qining Qin,&nbsp;James M Downey,&nbsp;Michael V Cohen","doi":"10.1097/00132580-200209000-00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00132580-200209000-00002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the rabbit heart, acute ethanol exposure followed by washout before ischemia exerts a preconditioninglike effect. However, if alcohol is still present during ischemia, all preconditioning-related cardioprotection is abolished. The present follow-up study investigated the dose-response relationships of both the beneficial and detrimental effects of acute ethanol exposure. In the isolated rabbit heart either 2.5-, 5-, 10-, 20-, or 50-mmol/L ethanol was given as a 5-minute pulse followed by washout before 30 minutes of regional ischemia and 2 hours of reperfusion. Isolated rabbit hearts were also preconditioned with 5 minutes of global ischemia followed by 10 minutes of reperfusion (PC) before onset of 30 minutes of regional ischemia. This latter protocol was combined with a 35-minute infusion of ethanol at concentrations of either 5, 10, 20, or 50 mmol/L, starting 5 minutes before the onset of the 30-minute period of ischemia. Infarct size was determined with triphenyltetrazolium staining. No protection was seen with a 5-minute infusion of 2.5-mmol/L ethanol (29.9 +/- 1.6% of risk zone infarcted), and minimal protection was evident with the 5-mmol/L dose (25.4 +/- 3.4% infarction). In all other groups infarct size was significantly reduced (17.9 +/- 3.2, 18.4 +/- 3.5, and 16.8 +/- 3.4%, respectively, versus 33.0 +/- 3.0% in control group, P < 0.05). In the presence of 10-, 20-, or 50-mmol/L ethanol, infarct size following PC was not different from control (24.3 +/- 2.5, 28.4 +/- 4.3, and 39.0 +/- 4.0%, respectively, versus 28.5 +/- 2.5%). Thus the presence of alcohol during ischemia inhibited protection induced by preceding preconditioning ischemia. Only in the PC group exposed to 5-mmol/L ethanol was infarct size significantly smaller than in the control group (6.4 +/- 2.5%, P < 0.005). Thus both protective and antiprotective effects of alcohol were dose dependent with similarly low threshold doses in in vitro rabbit hearts. Since it might be impossible to find a dose of ethanol that would be protective if administered shortly before ischemia, ethanol should be removed before that ischemia to protect myocardium.</p>","PeriodicalId":83724,"journal":{"name":"Heart disease (Hagerstown, Md.)","volume":"4 5","pages":"276-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00132580-200209000-00002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22040904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of acute coronary syndromes among elderly African Americans, elderly whites, and elderly patients of other races.","authors":"Devraj Nayak,&nbsp;Stephen Woodworth,&nbsp;Wilbert S Aronow,&nbsp;Anthony L Pucillo,&nbsp;Srinivas Koneru","doi":"10.1097/00132580-200209000-00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00132580-200209000-00003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in elderly persons of different races. A prospective study was performed in which 177 consecutive unselected patients aged > or = 70 years hospitalized for ACS had coronary angiography. The patients included 11 blacks, 140 whites, and 26 patients of other races. Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) was present in 8 of 11 blacks (73%), 121 of 140 whites (86%), and 25 of 26 patients of other races (96%) (P < 0.05 comparing black patients with those of other races). Left main CAD was present in 0 of 11 blacks (0%), 9 of 140 whites (6%), and in 1 of 26 patients of other races (4%) (P not significant). Left anterior descending or diagonal CAD was present in 4 of 11 blacks (36%), 96 of 140 whites (67%), and 18 of 26 patients of other races (69%) (P < 0.05 comparing blacks with whites). Left circumflex or obtuse marginal disease was present in 5 of 11 blacks (45%), 72 of 140 whites (51%), and in 17 of 26 patients of other races (65%) (P not significant). Right CAD was present in 5 of 11 blacks (45%), 81 of 140 whites (58%), and 18 of 26 patients of other races (69%) (P not significant). Coronary revascularization was performed in 7 of 11 blacks (64%), 72 of 140 whites (52%), and 17 of 26 patients of other races (66%) (P not significant).</p>","PeriodicalId":83724,"journal":{"name":"Heart disease (Hagerstown, Md.)","volume":"4 5","pages":"282-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00132580-200209000-00003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22040846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tinzaparin.","authors":"Nina N Wong","doi":"10.1097/00132580-200209000-00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00132580-200209000-00009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) are efficacious agents that offer clinical and pharmacoeconomic advantages over unfractionated heparin (UFH) for the treatment of ACS and venous thromboembolism. Tinzaparin is a LMWH approved for the treatment of deep venous thrombosis with and without pulmonary embolism, when used in conjunction with warfarin. In studies with hospitalized patients who had deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, tinzaparin was at least as efficacious as UFH, with fewer adverse bleeding events. It is also efficacious for thromboembolic prophylaxis in patients undergoing general and orthopedic surgery. Studies have shown that tinzaparin is at least as effective as UFH for patients undergoing surgery and in other patients at risk for developing thromboembolism. It is currently not recommended for use in patients with ischemic strokes. There are minimal data available regarding its use in the management of patients with unstable angina (UA) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.</p>","PeriodicalId":83724,"journal":{"name":"Heart disease (Hagerstown, Md.)","volume":"4 5","pages":"331-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00132580-200209000-00009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22040854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug therapies for mesenteric vascular disease.","authors":"Hossein Tabriziani,&nbsp;William H Frishman,&nbsp;Lawrence J Brandt","doi":"10.1097/00132580-200209000-00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00132580-200209000-00007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesenteric vascular disease has been increasingly diagnosed in the past 25 years. This rise in incidence has been attributed to the advanced mean age of the population and increasing number of critically ill patients, and to a greater clinical recognition of the condition. While surgical revascularization and resection has long been the standard of treatment, medical management also plays an important role. Early diagnosis before irreversible bowel damage, which may occur within 6 to 8 hours after insult, is the goal of successful medical treatment without surgical intervention. Even in the presence or irreversible bowel ischemia, perioperative medical treatment may reduce the progression of further ischemia, and bowel resection may be limited. This article outlines the appropriate medical management of ischemic disorders of the intestine, with an emphasis on the drug treatments presently used in clinical practice and those being studied in the laboratory.</p>","PeriodicalId":83724,"journal":{"name":"Heart disease (Hagerstown, Md.)","volume":"4 5","pages":"306-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00132580-200209000-00007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22040850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rupture of both papillary muscles after acute myocardial infarction: a case report.","authors":"Amar D Patel,&nbsp;Wael Abo-Auda,&nbsp;Nepal Chowdhury,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Lan,&nbsp;Rajasekhar Nekkanti,&nbsp;David McGiffin,&nbsp;Gregory Chapman,&nbsp;Navin C Nanda","doi":"10.1097/00132580-200209000-00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00132580-200209000-00004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors report a case of transthoracic echocardiographic left ventriculography and surgical pathology findings of a patient with rupture of both papillary muscles after acute myocardial infarction.</p>","PeriodicalId":83724,"journal":{"name":"Heart disease (Hagerstown, Md.)","volume":"4 5","pages":"285-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00132580-200209000-00004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22040847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute and chronic aortic dissection.","authors":"R. Henning, E. Eikman, Maqsood Siddique Patel","doi":"10.1097/00132580-200207000-00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00132580-200207000-00006","url":null,"abstract":"Each year acute aortic dissection is diagnosed in 2,000 individuals in the United States. Acute aortic dissection is no longer a catastrophic event because this problem can be rapidly diagnosed with current medical technology, and therefore promptly treated with medication and surgery. Consequently, patients with aortic dissection can survive for 10 to 20 or more years after the initial event. However, there is considerable current debate regarding the most optimal technique(s) for the diagnosis of aortic dissection. Moreover, little information is available on the best methods for the long-term assessment and treatment of patients who have been successfully treated for acute aortic dissection. This report reviews the current techniques that are available for the diagnosis of aortic dissection and discusses the important issues regarding the acute and long-term treatment of patients with this problem.","PeriodicalId":83724,"journal":{"name":"Heart disease (Hagerstown, Md.)","volume":"4 4 1","pages":"231-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00132580-200207000-00006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61588578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug treatment of clinical problems related to cardiac transplantation.","authors":"S. Hankins, D. Mancini","doi":"10.1097/00132580-200207000-00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00132580-200207000-00007","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, several new immunosuppressive agents have become available for the treatment of cardiac transplant recipients. Use of these agents and their potential side effects are reviewed.","PeriodicalId":83724,"journal":{"name":"Heart disease (Hagerstown, Md.)","volume":"4 4 1","pages":"242-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00132580-200207000-00007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61588590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levosimendan: a unique approach to the treatment of heart failure.","authors":"J. Nawarskas, Joe R. Anderson","doi":"10.1097/00132580-200207000-00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00132580-200207000-00009","url":null,"abstract":"Levosimendan is one of the first agents of a new class of drugs known as calcium sensitizers. These drugs are believed to increase cardiac contractility by sensitizing cardiac myofibrils to calcium, and may therefore be of clinical benefit in the treatment of low-cardiac output states, particularly congestive heart failure. In addition to sensitizing troponin to intracellular calcium, levosimendan has been shown to inhibit phosphodiesterase III, which may contribute to its positive inotropic effect, and open adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium channels (K(ATP)), which may produce vasodilation. Unlike currently available intravenous inotropes, levosimendan does not increase myocardial oxygen utilization, has not been shown to be proarrhythmic, and has been used effectively in the presence of beta-blocking medications. Levosimendan also has not been shown to impair ventricular relaxation, which was an initial concern with this class of drugs. Clinical studies of levosimendan have demonstrated short-term hemodynamic benefits of levosimendan over both placebo and dobutamine. While large-scale, long-term morbidity and mortality data are scarce, the Levosimendan Infusion versus Dobutamine in severe low-output heart failure (LIDO) study suggested a mortality benefit of levosimendan over dobutamine up to 180 days after treatment. Clinical studies comparing levosimendan with other positive inotropes, namely milrinone, are lacking. Levosimendan treatment appears to be well-tolerated, with the primary adverse events being headache and hypotension. No clinically significant drug-drug interactions have been reported with levosimendan to date. The clinical future of levosimendan will depend on the results of larger, ongoing clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":83724,"journal":{"name":"Heart disease (Hagerstown, Md.)","volume":"4 4 1","pages":"265-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00132580-200207000-00009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61589391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Therapeutics, A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart Disease, 2nd ed.","authors":"R. Kay","doi":"10.1097/00132580-200207000-00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00132580-200207000-00010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83724,"journal":{"name":"Heart disease (Hagerstown, Md.)","volume":"4 1","pages":"272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61589408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Seattle angina questionnaire: reliability and validity in women with chronic stable angina.","authors":"Laura P Kimble, Sandra B Dunbar, William S Weintraub, Deborah B McGuire, Sharon Fazio, Anindya K De, Ora Strickland","doi":"10.1097/00132580-200207000-00002","DOIUrl":"10.1097/00132580-200207000-00002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Angina pectoris causes substantial psychological and functional disability and adversely effects health-related quality of life, particularly in women. Studies of cardiac disease-specific quality of life in women with coronary artery disease and angina are limited because little reliability and validity data for these instruments exist for women. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine reliability and validity of the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ), a cardiac disease-related quality-of-life measure, in a sample of women with chronic stable angina. A secondary analysis was performed on SAQ data from 175 women with a confirmed diagnosis of CAD and angina pectoris. The majority of the women were older, white, living with their spouse, had a previous acute myocardial infarction, and had undergone revascularization. The Cronbach alpha was used to assess reliability of the SAQ's five subscales, and factor analysis was used to assess the SAQ's validity. Results suggest that the SAQ is a reliable and valid quality-of-life measure in women with CAD. The physical limitations subscale factored into two separate factors, suggesting that the subscale measures two domains of physical function: self-care and exercise tolerance/mobility. Future research is needed to determine whether examining different combinations of SAQ items might provide a more sensitive assessment of cardiac disease-specific quality of life in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":83724,"journal":{"name":"Heart disease (Hagerstown, Md.)","volume":"4 4 1","pages":"206-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4322389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61588495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}