Annals Of Work Exposures and Health最新文献

{"title":"Identification of physically demanding work tasks among cleaners: field study using electromyography.","authors":"Hao Man, Javier Rueda, Jesús Vega, Jonas Vinstrup, Lars L Andersen, Enrique Navarro","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxae053","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxae053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While chronic forearm pain is a common and debilitating condition among cleaners, the most physically demanding tasks remain unidentified. The present field study examines forearm muscle activity during 9 common cleaning tasks in a real working environment. Seven healthy cleaners participated in this study (age: 35.17 ± 9.62 yr; height: 168.17 ± 8.06 cm; weight: 77.14 ± 13.78 kg; experience: 5.60 ± 3.29 yr). Surface wireless electromyography (EMG) was recorded from 2 muscles on both sides of the upper limb, flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU), and extensor carpi radialis (ECR), and normalized to maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC). Top-3 demanding high-force tasks (90th percentile EMG) were the rough floor, dirty rough floor, and office floor mopping for the FCU, and mopping high walls, ceiling mopping, and baize cleaning for the ECR. Top-3 static work tasks (10th percentile EMG) were mopping low walls, ceiling mopping, and dirty rough floors mopping for the FCU and mopping of high walls, low walls, and ceiling for the ECR. The study identified the forearm muscles' most physically demanding work tasks during cleaning tasks. The development of better working tools is recommended to avoid high-force overload as well as prolonged static overload of these muscles in cleaners.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"748-755"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141445373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of a sampling method and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis method for measurement of fentanyl and five other illicit drugs.","authors":"Matthew Jeronimo, Molly Mastel, Jasleen Gill, Hugh Davies","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxae048","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxae048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the increased provision of services by health authorities and community organizations allowing supervised inhalation of illicit substances comes concerns about the potential for secondhand exposure to the substances being used, whether in the adjacent community or to workers at the sites. In order to address community concerns surrounding secondhand illicit substance exposure and better protect harm reduction workers, a validated sampling and LC-MS/MS analysis method was developed for 6 illicit drugs: fentanyl, heroin, methamphetamine, cocaine, etizolam, and bromazolam. It was found that the filter used needed to be silanized to be made more inert and avoid loss of analyte due to degradation. Using the silanized filters, recoveries were good (>90%) and the collected samples were found to be stable at room temperature for 2 wk. The sampling volume validated was up to 960 L. The sensitivity and range of the method make it appropriate for short-term (15 min), full shift (8 h), or environmental sampling.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"756-764"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11306312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141299897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noise exposure assessment of workers inspecting construction machinery vehicles in the Republic of Korea.","authors":"Yeon-Hee Jeong, Seong-Mo Jeong, Woo-Je Lee, Ki-Youn Kim","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxae037","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxae037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies have investigated the health hazards caused by exposure to the noise of heavy equipment used at construction sites. Korea's Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport operates a registration system for construction machinery, and regular safety inspections are mandatory. Although workers inspecting construction machinery vehicles are exposed to unwanted noise, no noise exposure assessment has been made regarding these workers in Korea. The time-weighted average (TWA) daily average noise exposure level among construction machinery inspectors at 18 inspection centers was 75.3 dB(A). Among the inspection steps, the exhaust gas inspection step was found to exhibit the highest noise exposure level, up to 100 dB(A). In Korea, if the noise level of a workplace exceeds 85 dB(A) as a TWA, workers are required to undergo special medical examinations. This study found that special medical examinations were required for two of the 18 target inspection centers (approximately 115 workers) as the 8-hour TWA noise level exceeded 85 dB(A). Therefore, regular noise exposure assessment and special medical examinations for noise are required to prevent inspectors from developing hearing disorders due to noise exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"765-769"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141075131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in a public order and safety training facility in England, June 2021.","authors":"Ellie L Gilham, Amber I Raja, Karin van Veldhoven, Gillian Nicholls, Vince Sandys, Barry Atkinson, Antony Spencer, Ian Nicholls, Joan Cooke, Allan Bennett, Derek Morgan, Chris Keen, Tony Fletcher, Neil Pearce, Petra Manley, Elizabeth B Brickley, Yiqun Chen","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxae038","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxae038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The public order and safety (POS) sector remains susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreaks, as workplace attendance is typically compulsory and close physical contact is often needed. Here, we report on a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak with an attack rate of 39% (9/23), which occurred between 19 and 29 June 2021 among a cohort of new POS recruits participating in a mandatory 18-week training programme in England.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The COVID-OUT (COVID-19 Outbreak investigation to Understand Transmission) study team undertook a multidisciplinary outbreak investigation, including viral surface sampling, workplace environmental assessment, participant viral and antibody testing, and questionnaires, at the two associated training facilities between 5 July and 24 August 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Environmental factors, such as ventilation, were deemed inadequate in some areas of the workplace, with carbon dioxide (CO2) levels exceeding 1,500 ppm on multiple occasions within naturally ventilated classrooms. Activities during safety training required close contact, with some necessitating physical contact, physical exertion, and shouting. Furthermore, most participants reported having physical contact with colleagues (67%) and more than one close work contact daily (97%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our investigation suggests that site- and activity-specific factors likely contributed to the transmission risks within the POS trainee cohort. Potential interventions for mitigating SARS-CoV-2 transmission in this POS training context could include implementing regular rapid lateral flow testing, optimizing natural ventilation, using portable air cleaning devices in classrooms, and expanding use of well-fitted FFP2/FFP3 respirators during activities where prolonged close physical contact is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"770-776"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141086299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating occupational disease burden: a way forward.","authors":"John W Cherrie, Martie van Tongeren, Hans Kromhout","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxae040","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxae040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Estimates of occupational disease burden provide important information on which effective policy and regulations can be developed. However, there is no direct way that these data can be obtained, and most burden estimates are derived by merging different data from diverse sources to synthesize estimates of the number of people made ill or who have died from workplace exposures. In recent years, several research groups have published estimates of occupational health burden at national or global scales; these are not always consistent. The World Health Organisation and the International Labour Organisation have taken on the task of producing occupational disease burden estimates for several workplace agents, which we assume are to be seen as the definitive global, regional, and national data. In this commentary, we critique the WHO/ILO approach for their estimates of the non-melanoma skin cancer burden from solar ultraviolet radiation and some of their results for hazardous particulates. We provide recommendations for researchers undertaking occupational burden estimates that they should report along with their data.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"673-677"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141070479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a crosswalk to convert French PCS2003 into international ISCO88 occupational classifications. Application to the Occupational Asthma-specific Job-Exposure Matrix (OAsJEM).","authors":"Corinne Pilorget, Brigitte Dananché, Loïc Garras, Florence Orsi, Guillaume Sit, Céline Ribet, Marie-Tülin Houot, Marcel Goldberg, Orianne Dumas, Nicole Le Moual","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxae049","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxae049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The problem of transcoding is recurrent when researchers wish to link occupational data from cohorts to Job-Exposure Matrices (JEMs) which were not set up in the same classifications. The Occupational Asthma-specific JEM (OAsJEM) is a JEM developed for assessing exposure to agents known at risk for asthma for jobs coded with ISCO88 occupation classification. To apply the OAsJEM in the CONSTANCES cohort, in which jobs and industries were coded with French PCS2003 and NAF2008 classifications respectively, we developed a crosswalk to convert jobs from PCS2003 into ISCO88 classification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This work was carried out by 2 skilled coders and 1 novice coder who have worked independently by using different tools and transcoding strategies defined a priori. Consensus meetings were organized with skilled coders to define the final crosswalk. This work was elaborated in 2 steps: (i) for 38 ISCO88 codes classified as potentially exposed to cleaning and disinfection products by the OAsJEM, and (ii) for all jobs from the ISCO88 classification. A comparison between the 3 initial coder's crosswalk proposals and the final crosswalk was made for the 38 ISCO codes in step (i).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final crosswalk provided 998 matches between the 482 4-digit PCS2003 codes, 308 4-digit ISCO88 codes, and 31 3-digit ISCO88 codes. Information regarding the NAF2008 industry classification was also used in some cases to improve the final crosswalk. For the selected 38 ISCO88 codes, the final crosswalk provided 110 combinations, but the number of proposed ISCO88-PCS2003 couples by each of the 3 coders varied greatly from 68 to 153. In addition, an important variability between the 3 coders were observed among the number of common combinations between the initial coder's proposals and the final crosswalk (from 47% to 78%).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We have developed a crosswalk specifically for an application of the OAsJEM in population-based surveys using the PCS2003 occupation classification. The development of this crosswalk is of great interest for the use of OAsJEM on the data of the CONSTANCES cohort and on any other survey with occupational data coded according to the French classifications. This OAsJEM crosswalk could be used by other teams to evaluate occupational exposures known to be at risk of asthma from occupational calendars coded with French classifications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"688-701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Narrative review of occupational exposures and noncommunicable diseases.","authors":"Susan Peters, Karina Undem, Svetlana Solovieva, Jenny Selander, Vivi Schlünssen, Karen M Oude Hengel, Maria Albin, Calvin B Ge, Katarina Kjellberg, Damien M McElvenny, Per Gustavsson, Henrik A Kolstad, Anne Mette L Würtz, Bendik C Brinchmann, Karin Broberg, Stine Fossum, Merete Bugge, Mette Wulf Christensen, Manosij Ghosh, David Høyrup Christiansen, Suzanne L Merkus, Lars-Kristian Lunde, Eira Viikari-Juntura, Annett Dalbøge, Daniel Falkstedt, Morten Vejs Willert, Anke Huss, Else Toft Würtz, Orianne Dumas, Inge Brosbøl Iversen, Mimmi Leite, Christine Cramer, Jorunn Kirkeleit, Cecilie Svanes, Håkan Tinnerberg, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, Anne Vested, Pernilla Wiebert, Karl-Christian Nordby, Lode Godderis, Roel Vermeulen, Anjoeka Pronk, Ingrid Sivesind Mehlum","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxae045","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxae045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Within the scope of the Exposome Project for Health and Occupational Research on applying the exposome concept to working life health, we aimed to provide a broad overview of the status of knowledge on occupational exposures and associated health effects across multiple noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) to help inform research priorities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a narrative review of occupational risk factors that can be considered to have \"consistent evidence for an association,\" or where there is \"limited/inadequate evidence for an association\" for 6 NCD groups: nonmalignant respiratory diseases; neurodegenerative diseases; cardiovascular/metabolic diseases; mental disorders; musculoskeletal diseases; and cancer. The assessment was done in expert sessions, primarily based on systematic reviews, supplemented with narrative reviews, reports, and original studies. Subsequently, knowledge gaps were identified, e.g. based on missing information on exposure-response relationships, gender differences, critical time-windows, interactions, and inadequate study quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified over 200 occupational exposures with consistent or limited/inadequate evidence for associations with one or more of 60+ NCDs. Various exposures were identified as possible risk factors for multiple outcomes. Examples are diesel engine exhaust and cadmium, with consistent evidence for lung cancer, but limited/inadequate evidence for other cancer sites, respiratory, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular diseases. Other examples are physically heavy work, shift work, and decision latitude/job control. For associations with limited/inadequate evidence, new studies are needed to confirm the association. For risk factors with consistent evidence, improvements in study design, exposure assessment, and case definition could lead to a better understanding of the association and help inform health-based threshold levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By providing an overview of knowledge gaps in the associations between occupational exposures and their health effects, our narrative review will help setting priorities in occupational health research. Future epidemiological studies should prioritize to include large sample sizes, assess exposures prior to disease onset, and quantify exposures. Potential sources of biases and confounding need to be identified and accounted for in both original studies and systematic reviews.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"562-580"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11229329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational exposure to pesticides and neurobehavioral outcomes. Impact of different original and recalled exposure measures on the associations.","authors":"Samuel Fuhrimann, William Mueller, Aggrey Atuhaire, Ruth Mubeezi, Johan Ohlander, Andrew Povey, Ioannis Basinas, Martie van Tongeren, Kate Jones, Karen S Galea, Hans Kromhout","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxae025","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxae025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several measures of occupational exposure to pesticides have been used to study associations between exposure to pesticides and neurobehavioral outcomes. This study assessed the impact of different exposure measures for glyphosate and mancozeb on the association with neurobehavioral outcomes based on original and recalled self-reported data with 246 smallholder farmers in Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The association between the 6 exposure measures and 6 selected neurobehavioral test scores was investigated using linear multivariable regression models. Exposure measures included original exposure measures for the previous year in 2017: (i) application status (yes/no), (ii) number of application days, (iii) average exposure-intensity scores (EIS) of an application and (iv) number of EIS-weighted application days. Two additional measures were collected in 2019: (v) recalled application status and (vi) recalled EIS for the respective periods in 2017.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Recalled applicator status and EIS were between 1.2 and 1.4 times more frequent and higher for both pesticides than the original application status and EIS. Adverse associations between the different original measures of exposure to glyphosate and 4 neurobehavioral tests were observed. Glyphosate exposure based on recalled information and all mancozeb exposure measures were not associated with the neurobehavioral outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relation between the different original self-reported glyphosate exposure measures and neurobehavioral test scores appeared to be robust. When based on recalled exposure measures, associations observed with the original exposure measures were no longer present. Therefore, future epidemiological studies on self-reported exposure should critically evaluate the potential bias towards the null in observed exposure-response associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"657-664"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11229323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141236831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to: Letter to the Editor-Productivity as an efficacy measure in rest-shade-hydration interventions: the need for a more complete dissemination and implementation science approach by Dally M and Newman LS.","authors":"Erik Hansson, Kristina Jakobsson, Jason R Glaser, Catharina Wesseling, Denis Chavarria, Rebekah A I Lucas, Heath Prince, David H Wegman","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxae046","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxae046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"668-671"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141236898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of European chemical manufacturing companies in promoting effective communication of conditions of safe use by workers.","authors":"Jan Urbanus, Evelyn Tjoe Nij, Cornelia Tietz","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxae042","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxae042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2006, the revised chemicals management legislation mandated that manufacturers of hazardous chemical substances conduct risk assessments for the entire substance life cycle. Additionally, they must communicate use-specific safe handling advice (exposure scenarios) to their customer, as annex to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS). Despite significant efforts to develop workable solutions for chemical mixtures, this goal has not yet been fully achieved. Therefore, a Cefic research project (LRI B23) was commissioned on how to ensure meaningful health risk communication for workers across supply chains. The research project determined that risk-based safe use advice generated by manufacturers, often does not reach the intended end-user and was seen as not tailored to specific user needs. Recipients of the advice are also not prepared to act based on information developed by suppliers. From an industry perspective, the complexity of supply chains and substance life cycles are considered major barriers for effective safe use communication. Exposure scenarios for substance use in industrial work environments are often perceived as adding little value compared to existing safe use arrangements required by other health, safety, and environmental legislation applicable to employers and duty-holders. To attain meaningful use-specific safe handling advice for workers, including those at non-industrial premises who may benefit most from such advice, knowledge transfer and close collaboration between manufacturers and formulators remain key elements, supported by enhanced regulatory appreciation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"557-561"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11229308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140954788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}