Yeni tip tarihi arastirmalari = The new history of medicine studies最新文献

{"title":"[OTTOMAN WAR SURGEONS].","authors":"Gönül Güreşsever Cantay","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In medical literature, the subject of surgeons in Ottoman Medical has been examined in the parallel of the modernization of 19th century medical education. Also it has be- gun in 14 March 1827 by the opening of Military Medical Doctors and Surgery Schools which had been established in the era of Mahmut 2nd. However as all of the Turkish States through history, Ottoman Turkish State had a conquerist structure with a very strong army from the beginning of its foundation and kept this condition through time. The person who was interested in the wounds (caused by the weapons of war as a consequence of the war) of the soldiers, such as loss of limbs, broken body parts etc., was a medical doctor in the first place but especially with a surgeon. In the Ehl-i Hiref Notebooks which is dated oldest as h.932 Rebid'l,ahir/ m.Ocak 1526, surgeons can be detected in the Ottoman Turkish Battle Armies. The records of the surgeons can be found as in the name of \"Cemaat-i Cerrahin\" (means community of surgeons) in a list of craftsman. In the surgeons list of Ehl-i Hiref Notebooks, it can be learned the features of janni- sary surgeons as much as the features of master surgeons, surgeons of ointments and also the education system between master and apprentice.</p>","PeriodicalId":83561,"journal":{"name":"Yeni tip tarihi arastirmalari = The new history of medicine studies","volume":" 21","pages":"133-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36927064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[MEMORIES OF DR.RATiP KAZANCIGIL: HEALTH AND SOCIAL LIFE IN MALATYA BETWEEN 1920-1940].","authors":"Nilifer Gökçe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dr. Ratip Kazancigil was born in Malatya in 1920. He completed his primary and secondary education in Malatya, his hometown. In 1943, he graduated from Istanbul Uni- versity Faculty of Medicine, which he had attended with a scholarship. Dr. Kazancigil has continued his professional life, which started in Aydin as a candidate physician for \"The Central Branch of Aydin Malaria Battle Area\", in Edirne. He served as the Chairman of Thrace Fighting Malaria, President of Thrace Malaria Battle Area, President of Edirne Malaria Battle Regional Group, and the Edirne Province-Health Authority. He is also the founder of the Department of Medical History and Ethics at Trakya University School of Medicine and Trakya University Complex of Sultan Bayezid II Health Museum. During our interviews in 2009 and 2015, Dr. Ratip Kazancigil provided us informa- tion about the health and social life of the city that he grew up. He emphasized that folk medicine exists in Malatya as well as scientific medicine. Kazancigil also told that a hospital, a dispensary, and a maternity hospital existed in Malatya during the early years of the Republic. He mentioned physician-patient relati- onship and explained how the Republican reforms changed the social life in Malatya.</p>","PeriodicalId":83561,"journal":{"name":"Yeni tip tarihi arastirmalari = The new history of medicine studies","volume":" 21","pages":"143-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36976414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A HISTORICAL ARCHIEVE PICTURE AND A MEDICAL CASE].","authors":"Çağatay Üstün,&nbsp;Nuray Demirci Güngördu,&nbsp;Zihni Açar Yazic,&nbsp;Mustafa Durmuş","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>History of Medicine is a science that projects past medical cases to the present by investigating relevant archieves, printed and visual documents. Biographic studies alone do not form it's basis. To bring up-to-date medical issues presented as case reports in the past derived from original data, and to provide them to doctors and medical history speci- alists is important. In this communication, we are presenting a historical medical case and original picture in light of modern medicine, which is in the archieves of the Department of History of Medicine and Ethics in the Medical School of Ege University.</p>","PeriodicalId":83561,"journal":{"name":"Yeni tip tarihi arastirmalari = The new history of medicine studies","volume":" 21","pages":"155-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36927063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[PROF. BESIM OMER PASHAS VIEWS ON POPULATION POLICIES DURING THE EARLY YEARS OF THE TURKISH REPUBLIC].","authors":"İnci Hot,&nbsp;Zuhal Özaydin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dr. Besim Ömer Akalin, was a pioneer in modern obstetric and neonatal practices, and the founder of the first maternity hospital in Turkey. He established nursing as profession and promoted the development of modern midwifery. Besim Omer Pasha was also ins- trumental in the organization of the Turkish Red Crescent, the Institute for Protection of Children, and the Society for Tuberculosis Control. Professor Besim Omer Akalin chai- red the gynecology and obstetric clinics of the Medical Faculty, and was elected Rector of the Istanbul University. He also served as General Director of Health, and was a Member of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in his later years. Together with his textbooks and treatises, Besim Ömer Akalin published booklets for the public where he addressed a wide range of topics on social health, hygiene and welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":83561,"journal":{"name":"Yeni tip tarihi arastirmalari = The new history of medicine studies","volume":" 21","pages":"159-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36927067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[CHEMIST DR. ALI RIZA BEY (1867-1904)].","authors":"Emre Dölen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ali Riza Bey was born in Istanbul in 1867. He graduated from the Imperial School of Medicine (Mekteb-i Tibbiye-i dhine) in 1888 and was sent to France six months later to specialize in chemistry. After staying there for four years, he returned to Turkey in 1892. Besides teaching courses in biochemistry, analytical chemistry and organic chemistry at both the military and civil schools of medicine and at the University (Dariifiinun), Ali Riza Bey managed the laboratory of chemistry at the Imperial School of Medicine. In 1902, he was appointed as a chemist at the Hamidiye Children's Hospital (Hamidiye Etfal Hastahanesi) where he would conduct significant research on analyzing and bottling the mineral waters of Afyonkarahisar. He also developed a reagent for detecting cystine. In 1901, he published a textbook titled Kimya-yi Uzvi (Organic Chemistry) in which he used chemical symbols written in Arabic letters, and which indicates that he closely followed the recent developments in the organic chemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":83561,"journal":{"name":"Yeni tip tarihi arastirmalari = The new history of medicine studies","volume":" 21","pages":"69-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36976411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[DEYCKE PASHA AND THE LÜBECK DISASTER].","authors":"Burhan Akgün,&nbsp;İnci Hot","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dr. Georg Deycke, known as Deycke Pasha in Turkey, came to Istanbul in 1898 with Prof. Robert Rieder in order to reorganize the Imperial Medical School. Prof Rieder es- tablished a new training hospital named as The Giilhane Clinics and Dr. Deycke worked there until 1904 as the vice director. After Rieder left Turkey, he became the director to the hospital and served until the end of his contract in 1907. So after that time we know very less of his life and works. As well as its almost unknown that he was responsible for the BCG inoculation misfortune in Lübeck in 1930. Oral tuberculosis vaccine (BCG) was developed by Calmette and Gu6rin in 1921 after thirteen-year old preliminary work. Until 1928, before the BCG vaccination was begun in Germany, 150,000 children had been inoculated abroad. In 1929, Dr. Altstaedt, the director of the public health authorities in Lübeck, and Dr. George Deycke, the director of the gene- ral hospital in Lübeck, decided to introduce the inoculation at newborn children in Lübeck. At the beginning of August 1929, the original BCG culture, obtained from the Pasteur Insti- tute of Paris, was used to produce vaccine in the laboratory of the general hospital under the patronage of Dr. Deycke. The vaccination was begun in February 1930 and in the following two months 256 newborn children (about 84% of all newborn children) in Lübeck were inoculated orally against tuberculosis. In April 17th the first child died of tuberculosis and after it was followed by three more deaths Dr. Deycke stopped the inoculation. The large number of the inoculated children became ill and finally 75 of them died of tuberculosis. Dr. Deycke and those who assisted him were put on trial on October 12, 1931. A scientific committee was ordered to investigate what caused such a catastrophe. On February 6th 1932, after 76 days of inquiries and trials, Dr. Deycke was found guilty of negligent killing and negligent bodily injury and sentenced two years in prison. In this paper, both the life and the works of Deycke Pasha after the year 1907, and the details of Lübeck Disaster and the lessons learned from it will be discussed in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":83561,"journal":{"name":"Yeni tip tarihi arastirmalari = The new history of medicine studies","volume":" 21","pages":"11-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36976408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[FIRST WOMEN DOCTORS FROM TURKEY: AMALIA FRISCH (1882-1941)].","authors":"Şeref Etker,&nbsp;Szabolcs Dobson,&nbsp;László András Magyar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amália Frisch was born in Edirne/Adrianople, Turkey, in 1882 to an immigrant Jewish family from Hungary. Following her graduation from the American College for Girls in Istanbul in 1901, she traveled to Switzerland for her medical education. Amália Frisch graduated from the school of medicine in Bern in 1907, and received her MD (Doctor universae medicinae) degree from the Zurich University in 1908. She specialised in gynaecology at the Vienna University Clincs, before returning to Istanbul. In the December of 1908, Dr. Amália Frisch was appointed intern to the Austro-Hungarian Hospital in Galata to attend the women's ward. During the Balkan Wars of 1912-13 the hospital housed the wounded of the Turkish Army in its Pancaldi premises, and Amália Frisch received medals of merit for her services both from the Habsburg Emperor Franz Josef and the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed Reschad V. Amália Frisch was an active member of the Ottoman Society for the Protection of Women's Rights (est. 1913). She was deported by the French occupation command in 1919 and returned to Budapest, after which she altered her profession to stomatology and dentistry. Amália Frisch passed away in Budapest during war, in 1941.</p>","PeriodicalId":83561,"journal":{"name":"Yeni tip tarihi arastirmalari = The new history of medicine studies","volume":" 21","pages":"59-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36976410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[THE OBITUARIES APPEARED IN THE TURKISH PRESS AFTER DR. MENAHEM HODARA'S (1869-1926) PASSING].","authors":"Halil Tekiner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The year 2016 observes the 90th anniversary of the death of Dr. Menahem Hodara, an internationally recognized Ottoman dermatologist who holds great significance in the history of medicine. However, our knowledge about his life and scientific studies has re- mained rather limited, perhaps because of his early passing at the age of 57. Considering this long-neglected gap in medical history, this article examines the obituaries written about him, which appeared in the Turkish press between July and December 1926. These obituaries are historically noteworthy not only because they provide firsthand informati- on about Dr. Hodara's life, personality and scientific achievements but also because they prove his high reputation in the medical community of his time.</p>","PeriodicalId":83561,"journal":{"name":"Yeni tip tarihi arastirmalari = The new history of medicine studies","volume":" 21","pages":"91-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36976412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[THE NASCENCY OF DRUG AND FIRST STEPS OF ITS DEVELOPMENT].","authors":"Esat E Eşkazan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this historical review article, the first examples of human attempts to use drugs for the solution of their health problems and the development of the concept of natural toxic (poisonous) substances in the history and prehistoric times, are discussed. It is regarded that, outside of the quelling of the hunger or quenching the thirst, some of our early an- cestors have coincidentally began to distinguish the different effects in some of the natural products in their environment, probably during their nutritional behavior. It is thought that in this way, the awareness for drugs and toxic substances have been raised. In our available sources related to this topic, the first instance in different societies that can be considered as drug seems to belong to different dates, and strikingly the earliest drug samples were found particularly in ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt, China and Indian civilizations. It was determined that primarily herbal resources were utilized for the first instance that can be considered as the first drug application in discussed societies. On the other hand, these first natural origin drug samples have been remained in the use of humankind in later centuries and some of them seems to be applied in a certain manner even today.</p>","PeriodicalId":83561,"journal":{"name":"Yeni tip tarihi arastirmalari = The new history of medicine studies","volume":" 21","pages":"39-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36976409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[THE BELIEF OF SACRIFICE AS A VOTIVE OFFERING IN THE CONTEXT OF HEALTH AT THE GEOGRAPHY OF ANATOLIA AND MESOPOTAMIA IN THE LIGHT OF ARCHEOLOGICAL FINDS].","authors":"Tuğba Gencer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human beings lived with hope and fears since the very first day of existence. The most instinctive fear, on the other hand, is the death, extinction, and slipping into eternity. Such fears of the human beings further brought along the concerns on life and, at this point, the human beings tended towards supernatural powers in accordance with matters such as overcoming death and manage to survive, which underlies his fears, in all cases that affects his health. As the medical facts with no describable reasons are mingled with remedies that predicate on belief during the times when no modem medicine was availab- le, the votive offerings on human life and the tributes and sacrifices offered to the divine powers worshipped represented an essential aspect of the life at that time. The fact that there is no study conducted up to the present on votive and sacrificial offerings, which are considered to be extremely substantial during the times when religion and medicine was co-practiced and generally treated as a part of worship elicited to establish the subject matter of this article study to be evaluation of sacrificial practices offered as votive offe- rings in the context of health with regard to the history of medicine. Therefore, our objective in this study is to evaluate the belief of votive and sacrificial offering with regard to history of medicine within the Phehistoric, Mesopotamia, Anatolia-Hittite and Ancient Greek cultures and to analyze and propound the evidences on the fact that the sacrifices offered on behalf of the people are actually practices in the context of health by employing the archeological and the scientific datas that also incorporates ancient references.</p>","PeriodicalId":83561,"journal":{"name":"Yeni tip tarihi arastirmalari = The new history of medicine studies","volume":" 21","pages":"115-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36976413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}