{"title":"Female Justices, Feminism and the Politics of Judicial Appointment: A Re-examination","authors":"Rosalind Dixon","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1520784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1520784","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, feminists in the United States have consistently advocated for the appointment of more female justices to the Supreme Court. Given the records of Justices O’Connor and Ginsburg on the Court and broader empirical findings below the Supreme Court level showing a relationship between a judge’s gender and her voting behavior, feminists have argued that, from a feminist perspective, the appointment of new female justices to the Court is likely to offer significant substantive, as well as symbolic, benefits. This Article challenges such feminist orthodoxy by showing that it is based on a mistaken view of existing empirical data on judicial behavior and its likely future predictive value. The article shows how, from both a quantitative and qualitative perspective, the current literature on judicial behavior in fact reveals little if any meaningful connection between a judge’s gender and her pro-feminist views, in a jurisprudential sense. By drawing on comparative experience in Canada, which between 2005 and 2008 had a female majority on its Supreme Court, the Article also shows how any female-feminist connection previously evident in the United States, particularly at a Supreme Court level, is unlikely to endure in the future, given changes in the kind and degree of discrimination experienced by female justices prior to appointment. Consequently, the Article also calls for a change in strategy on the part of feminists to focus more directly on the demonstrated jurisprudential commitments, rather than on the gender, of future judicial nominees.","PeriodicalId":83555,"journal":{"name":"Yale journal of law and feminism","volume":"120 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87855647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Queer Kids: A Comprehensive Annotated Legal Bibliography on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning Youth","authors":"S. Valentine","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1231462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1231462","url":null,"abstract":"This annotated bibliography is published at 19 Yale Journal of Law and Feminism 449 (2008). It is a comprehensive collection of law review articles, and selected other materials, relevant to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgendered, and questioning youth. These \"queer kids\" - minors between the ages of ten and twenty who are perceived as being gender or sexuality nonconforming - are the most endangered and underserved adolescent population in the United States. They face danger in their homes, schools, and the juvenile justice system. Their ability to protect themselves is compromised by discrimination and by their status as minors. Intended as a resource for scholars, policymakers, and practitioners, this bibliography collects, discusses, and organizes legal scholarship, selected reports and studies, and influential personal narratives from queer kids.","PeriodicalId":83555,"journal":{"name":"Yale journal of law and feminism","volume":"8 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83195349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Vulnerable Subject: Anchoring Equality in the Human Condition","authors":"M. Fineman","doi":"10.4324/9780203848531-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203848531-26","url":null,"abstract":"This essay develops the concept of vulnerability in order to argue for a more responsive state and a more egalitarian society. Vulnerability is and should be understood to be universal and constant, inherent in the human condition. The vulnerability approach is an alternative to traditional equal protection analysis; it represents a post-identity inquiry in that it is not focused only on discrimination against defined groups, but concerned with privilege and favor conferred on limited segments of the population by the state and broader society through their institutions. As such, vulnerability analysis concentrates on the institutions and structures our society has and will establish to manage our common vulnerabilities. This approach has the potential to move us beyond the stifling confines of current discrimination-based models toward a more substantive vision of equality.","PeriodicalId":83555,"journal":{"name":"Yale journal of law and feminism","volume":"14 1","pages":"177-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91070185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shaping Citizenship: Chinese Family Law and Women","authors":"Margaret Y. K. Woo","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.453040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.453040","url":null,"abstract":"Current law-and-development literature overwhelmingly urges the privatization of the economy and the establishment of a rule-of-law system, which endows citizens with rights and obligations, with the expectation that democracy and equality will inevitably follow. My research interviewing female Chinese divorce litigants about their experiences in the Chinese court system capture a much more ambiguous effect of Chinese reforms on its citizens' sense of rights and entitlements. This article looks at China's recent legal and economic reforms through the eyes of male and female divorce litigants, and examines the kinds of citizenship rights that are being promoted through the Chinese court system. Are the changes occurring within the Chinese legal system encouraging a sense of citizenship rights and equality amongst its citizens? How has the Chinese court system benefited its most vulnerable citizens? Are Chinese legal reforms consistent with its citizens' conceptions of justice?This article focuses on divorce litigation in contemporary China through, among other data, in-depth interviews with twenty-nine divorce litigants. These interviews provide a rich source of insight into how Chinese women view themselves and the divorce process, and how they were affected by recent changes in the legal system. The article considers the ramifications of legal reforms on conceptions of citizenship and the equality of citizenship rights for Chinese women in a changing economy.It especially focuses on whether the increased use of the formal legal process has altered women's sense of entitlement and equality in Chinese society. The way Chinese women use the courts to enforce their rights also provides a lens into whether the law is being used as an instrument for citizen empowerment, and if so, how it is being used. For rule of law ideals truly to take root, the idea of legality and the use of legal instruments to settle rights and social problems must exist at the level of ordinary citizens.","PeriodicalId":83555,"journal":{"name":"Yale journal of law and feminism","volume":"6 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73922311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Testing pregnant women and newborns for HIV: legal and ethical responses to public health efforts to prevent pediatric AIDS.","authors":"A Marsh","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83555,"journal":{"name":"Yale journal of law and feminism","volume":"13 2","pages":"195-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22392036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Why Title Vii Should Prohibit All Workplace Sexual Harassment","authors":"Brian Lehman","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.218528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.218528","url":null,"abstract":"Legal scholars have generally taken two approaches in explaining why sexual harassment is unlawful under Title VII. In one camp, scholars have argued that Title VII prohibits sexual harassment because it is \"a form of sex discrimination.\" Other scholars have rejected these arguments and maintained that \"discrimination because of such individual's sex\" simply means that employers may not treat members of one sex differently from members of the other sex. Scholars in this camp have been critical of sexual harassment doctrine, arguing that courts should not prohibit all sexual harassment because not all of it qualifies as sex discrimination. For their part, courts have fluctuated between these two incompatible approaches depending on the type of case being decided. In the paradigm case of a man sexually harassing a woman, courts have frequently stated, \"sexual harassment is a form of sex discrimination,\" although no court has explicitly adopted the reasoning on which such a conclusion must be based. Thus, courts have found employers liable whenever the plaintiff has proven that she was sexually harassed. But in cases of same sex sexual harassment or the sexual harassment of gay men and lesbians, courts have retreated and held that employers were not liable under Title VII even though the plaintiff had been sexually harassed. The goal of this article is to resolve this conflict by showing why courts may legitimately prohibit all sexual harassment regardless of the approach a court adopts or its definition of discrimination. Thus, its basic conclusion is that all plaintiffs should have a claim if they prove that that they were sexually harassed - regardless of their sex or sexual orientation. This article assumes, arguendo, that sex discrimination means treating men and women different but concludes that courts should still prohibit all sexual harassment because it serves as a good adjudicative rule for courts to apply to individual cases.","PeriodicalId":83555,"journal":{"name":"Yale journal of law and feminism","volume":"26 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73791597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Journey through the courts: minors, abortion and the quest for reproductive fairness.","authors":"J S Ehrlich","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83555,"journal":{"name":"Yale journal of law and feminism","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25958878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crossing the line: the political and moral battle over late-term abortion.","authors":"R C Oliveri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83555,"journal":{"name":"Yale journal of law and feminism","volume":"10 2","pages":"397-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22379924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ROCKING THE TAX CODE: A CASE STUDY OF EMPLOYMENT-RELATED CHILD-CARE EXPENDITURES","authors":"M. Fellows","doi":"10.1017/cbo9780511609800.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511609800.044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83555,"journal":{"name":"Yale journal of law and feminism","volume":"57 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80232245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SPIRITUAL AND MENIAL HOUSEWORK","authors":"D. Roberts","doi":"10.4324/9781351154208-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351154208-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83555,"journal":{"name":"Yale journal of law and feminism","volume":"2176 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91384782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}