The School science review最新文献_第9页

Lifelong Learning: Getting Started 终身学习:开始

The School science review Pub Date : 1978-05-01 DOI: 10.1086/443419

Paul E. Barton

{"title":"Lifelong Learning: Getting Started","authors":"Paul E. Barton","doi":"10.1086/443419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/443419","url":null,"abstract":"What will be written here is based on the presumption of a shared conviction that increased access to a variety of forms of education throughout life, to meet a variety of needs of individuals, and the social and economic systems which sustain individuals, is a worthwhile goal. It is much more an exploration of some practical ways to advance toward this goal than it is an effort to establish the desirability of the goal itself. Others are attempting this kind of analysis. While a quantitative analysis may eventually assist in answering such questions as whether lifelong learning is a worthwhile goal, what kinds of economic costs and benefits can be predicted in advance, and whether financing much larger-scale activity is feasible, it does not have that capability at the present time. There is, however, a considerable base of experience on which to build, and a combination of this experience, statistical information of a rather ordinary type, and judgment will have to inform action for some time to come. No such conviction can be shared, however, unless some understanding is reached on what it is based, and any significant action depends on a considerable consensus that more access to learning throughout life is achievable and worth achieving. The reasons for the proposition of significant advance in lifelong learning opportunity are of two major types. One is that large set of things that is basically unchanging but with which we never came to satisfactory terms. The other set of reasons arises from those changes in society and economy that are now occurring at a rapid pace and which show signs of continuing or even accelerating. Even this broad categorization oversimplifies, because some of the changes that are occurring require access to education at several periods of life, and some of the changes we want to make require access to education in order to make them.","PeriodicalId":83260,"journal":{"name":"The School science review","volume":"232 1","pages":"311 - 326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90498224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Current Federal Programs for Lifelong Learning: A $14 Billion Effort 现行联邦终身学习计划:140亿美元的努力

The School science review Pub Date : 1978-05-01 DOI: 10.1086/443421

P. Christoffel

引用次数: 3

Evaluating Vouchers in WIN 评价WIN中的代金券

The School science review Pub Date : 1978-05-01 DOI: 10.1086/443429

Solomon Arbeiter

{"title":"Evaluating Vouchers in WIN","authors":"Solomon Arbeiter","doi":"10.1086/443429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/443429","url":null,"abstract":"Hope springs eternal in the public servant's breast, and, as evidence, we have two reports on an attempt to further both a program effort and a financing theory held dear by the federal establishment for at least a decade. I refer, respectively, to the program of training for low-income, unemployed workers to increase their skills and job prospects and the concept of financial entitlement--directing funds to the prospective student rather than to the institution as a method of increasing individual options. Most of us are somewhat familiar with the Work Incentive Program (WIN). It is a noble effort to develop in welfare recipients a repository of job skills and competencies to enable them to reenter the labor market with some expectation of success. The primary process utilized is commonly referred to as ETR, although I am at a loss to distinguish between education and training; anything that is learned is, as far as I am concerned, part of an educational process. The idea of an educational voucher first came to prominence during the Johnson administration and the War on Poverty. To develop flexibility within the system of public elementary and secondary education, it was proposed that students and their parents be given funds to enable them to shop around in both the public and private sectors and purchase the educational services they thought most desirable. The idea was to increase options for the individual and develop a greater responsiveness in educational institutions. Now we have reports of two studies of experiments in Portland and Baltimore that gave vouchers for ETR to WIN participants.","PeriodicalId":83260,"journal":{"name":"The School science review","volume":"31 1","pages":"499 - 503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80002631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Financing Higher Education and Social Equity: Implications for Lifelong Learning 高等教育融资与社会公平:对终身学习的影响

The School science review Pub Date : 1978-05-01 DOI: 10.1086/443420

H. Levin

{"title":"Financing Higher Education and Social Equity: Implications for Lifelong Learning","authors":"H. Levin","doi":"10.1086/443420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/443420","url":null,"abstract":"One of the basic attractions of the lifelong learning concept is that it might represent the vehicle for providing a more equitable distribution of learning opportunities and experiences among different social classes, races, and age groups, and between men and women. While the lifelong learning approach has not yet been clearly defined, it differs from the conventional educational approach by explicitly recognizing the existence and potential development of socially provided learning opportunities of many varieties over the entire life span. Thus, lifelong learning experiences would encompass much more than just formal schooling. They would include formal and informal training, self-study, travel, and all of the other institutional and noninstitutional experiences that contribute to human formation and development. The major reason that a lifelong approach might be more equitable than the present approach is its flexibility. By tailoring learning experiences to the needs of individuals on a more flexible basis, it is possible to take into account the special needs of different persons and groups. In contrast, the present system places a great deal of emphasis on relatively limited and uniform types of educational experiences at particularly early stages of life, especially those prior to entering the labor force. For persons who are able to benefit from those types of experiences at this relatively early phase of their lives, there are probably important benefits in the present system that are not reaped by those who need a more flexible approach.","PeriodicalId":83260,"journal":{"name":"The School science review","volume":"96 1","pages":"327 - 347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89983188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Educational Needs: Definition, Assessment, and Utilization 教育需求:定义、评估和利用

The School science review Pub Date : 1978-05-01 DOI: 10.1086/443423

W. Griffith

引用次数: 21

The Evolution of Educational Thought: Lectures on the Formation and Development of Secondary Education in France. Émile Durkheim , Peter Collins 教育思想的演变:法国中等教育的形成与发展讲座。Émile迪尔凯姆，彼得·柯林斯

The School science review Pub Date : 1978-02-01 DOI: 10.1086/443412

W. Vogt

引用次数: 23

Contact Theory and Racial Tolerance among High School Students 接触理论与高中生种族容忍

The School science review Pub Date : 1978-02-01 DOI: 10.1086/443405

Charles S. Bullock

{"title":"Contact Theory and Racial Tolerance among High School Students","authors":"Charles S. Bullock","doi":"10.1086/443405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/443405","url":null,"abstract":"An article of faith among supporters of desegregation has been that if blacks and whites interact with each other, firsthand experiences will undercut unreasoning prejudice. The hope is that as students of different races work and study together they will come to realize that intelligence and ignorance, kindness and rudeness, physical prowess and clumsiness, and the vast range of other human characteristics are distributed among members of both races. In time such realizations may prompt students to cease applying stereotypes to all members of the other race and to begin responding to individuals on the basis of personal characteristics. In essence, then, the argument holds that bringing whites and blacks together will lead to cross-racial contact which will lead to a better understanding of the other race which should promote greater racial tolerance. Gordon Allport (1958) tempered these expectations, noting that if contact is to have positive results, certain conditions must prevail. In the absence of equal status between the races, mutual interdependence, common goals, and support from law, custom, or authorities, interracial contact will simply accentuate the attitudes held by students prior to the biracial experiences. Thus, without the proper environment, biracial interaction will reconfirm the intolerance of the prejudiced and perhaps result in rising intolerance among those who had been unprejudiced. Scholars who study the consequences of desegregation often have not considered whether any of Allport's prerequisites for contact to lead to improved racial attitudes have been present. Consequently, it is not surprising that research focusing on the relationship between desegregation and racial attitudes has not produced a set of consistent","PeriodicalId":83260,"journal":{"name":"The School science review","volume":"20 1","pages":"187 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78052764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

American Public School Administration: A Short Analysis 美国公立学校管理:简要分析

The School science review Pub Date : 1978-02-01 DOI: 10.1086/443406

J. March

引用次数: 133

Book Review:Errors and Expectations: A Guide for the Teacher of Basic Writing Mina P. Shaughnessy 书评:《错误与期望:基础写作教师指南》米娜·p·肖内西著

The School science review Pub Date : 1978-02-01 DOI: 10.1086/443415

A. Bernstein

引用次数: 2

Back Matter 回到问题

The School science review Pub Date : 1978-02-01 DOI: 10.1086/schoolreview.86.2.1084616

引用次数: 0