Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine最新文献_第8页

Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.1765

Megan A Moreno, Fred Furtner, Frederick P Rivara

{"title":"Adolescent opioid abuse.","authors":"Megan A Moreno, Fred Furtner, Frederick P Rivara","doi":"10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.1765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.1765","url":null,"abstract":"WHAT ARE OPIOIDS? When used as medications, opioids are important but powerful medications for severe pain. They are often used to reduce pain when patients are recovering from surgery or major injuries. Adverse effects of these medications can include feeling sleepy, dizzy, or confused. It is not safe to drive a vehicle after taking this type of medication. Another adverse effect is constipation, as these medications slow the digestive system. One larger concern about these medications is that the body can develop tolerance to them, meaning that the body gets used to them, so the patient may need higher doses to get the same effect. Another major concern is that a patient who takes these medications for a while can develop dependence on them, meaning that the patient feels a need to take the medication, even if they do not need it for pain. Taking large doses of opioids can be fatal, and patients can also become injured or die if driving a car while taking opioids. While opioids are useful and important medications, they can also be abused and used as recreational drugs. In recent years, it is estimated that about 5 million people in the United States have tried opioids as recreational drugs. There are now more deaths each year from prescription opioids than from heroin and cocaine combined.","PeriodicalId":8310,"journal":{"name":"Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.1765","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30878228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

About this journal. 关于这本日记。

Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.166.9.793

引用次数: 0

Toward a population free of tobacco smoke exposure. 向远离烟草烟雾的人群迈进。

Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.297

Jonathan P Winickoff, Anne Joseph

引用次数: 2

Medical and nonmedical use of prescription opioids among high school seniors in the United States. 美国高中毕业生中处方阿片类药物的医疗和非医疗使用情况。

Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.85

Sean Esteban McCabe, Brady T West, Christian J Teter, Carol J Boyd

{"title":"Medical and nonmedical use of prescription opioids among high school seniors in the United States.","authors":"Sean Esteban McCabe, Brady T West, Christian J Teter, Carol J Boyd","doi":"10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.85","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of medical and nonmedical use of prescription opioids among high school seniors in the United States and to assess substance use behaviors based on medical and nonmedical use of prescription opioids. DESIGN Nationally representative samples of high school seniors (modal age 18 years) were surveyed during the spring of their senior year via self-administered questionnaires. SETTING Data were collected in public and private high schools. PARTICIPANTS The sample consisted of 7374 students from 3 independent cohorts (2007, 2008, and 2009). OUTCOME MEASURES Self-reports of medical and nonmedical use of prescription opioids and other substance use. RESULTS An estimated 17.6% of high school seniors reported lifetime medical use of prescription opioids, while 12.9% reported nonmedical use of prescription opioids. Sex differences in the medical and nonmedical use were minimal, while racial/ethnic differences were extensive. More than 37% of nonmedical users reported intranasal administration of prescription opioids. An estimated 80% of nonmedical users with an earlier history of medical use had obtained prescription opioids from a prescription they had previously. The odds of substance use behaviors were greater among individuals who reported any history of nonmedical use of prescription opioids relative to those who reported medical use only. CONCLUSIONS Nearly 1 in every 4 high school seniors in the United States has ever had some exposure to prescription opioids either medically or nonmedically. The quantity of prescription opioids and number of refills prescribed to adolescents should be carefully considered and closely monitored to reduce subsequent nonmedical use of leftover medication.","PeriodicalId":8310,"journal":{"name":"Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.85","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30600677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 157

Who is minding the virtual alcohol store? 谁在管理虚拟酒类商店?

Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.608

David H Jernigan

引用次数: 12

Association between evidence-based standardized protocols in emergency departments with childhood asthma outcomes: a Canadian population-based study. 急诊循证标准化方案与儿童哮喘结局之间的关系:一项基于加拿大人群的研究

Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.1195

Patricia Li, Teresa To, Patricia C Parkin, Geoffrey M Anderson, Astrid Guttmann

{"title":"Association between evidence-based standardized protocols in emergency departments with childhood asthma outcomes: a Canadian population-based study.","authors":"Patricia Li, Teresa To, Patricia C Parkin, Geoffrey M Anderson, Astrid Guttmann","doi":"10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.1195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.1195","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine whether children treated in emergency departments (EDs) with evidence-based standardized protocols (EBSPs) containing evidence-based content and format had lower risk of hospital admission or ED return visit and greater follow-up than children treated in EDs with no standardized protocols in Ontario, Canada.Design: Retrospective population-based cohort study of children with asthma. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate risk of outcomes.Setting: All EDs in Ontario (N = 146) treating childhood asthma from April 2006 to March 2009.Participants: Thirty-one thousand one hundred thirty-eight children (aged 2 to 17 years) with asthma. MAIN EXPOSURE Type of standardized protocol (EBSPs, other standardized protocols, or none).Main outcome measures: Hospital admission, high-acuity 7-day return visit to the ED, and 7-day outpatient follow-up visit. RESULTS The final cohort made 46 510 ED visits in 146 EDs. From the index ED visit, 4211 (9.1%) were admitted to the hospital. Of those discharged, 1778 (4.2%) and 7350 (17.4%) had ED return visits and outpatient follow-up visits, respectively. The EBSPs were not associated with hospitalizations, return visits, or follow-up (adjusted odds ratio, 1.17 [95% CI, 0.91-1.49]; adjusted odds ratio, 1.10 [95% CI, 0.86-1.41]; and adjusted odds ratio, 1.08 [95% CI, 0.87-1.35], respectively).Conclusions: The EBSPs were not associated with improvements in rates of hospital admissions, return visits to the ED, or follow-up. Our findings suggest the need to address gaps linking improved processes of asthma care with outcomes.","PeriodicalId":8310,"journal":{"name":"Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.1195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30748864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Hypertension in children and adolescents: more questions than answers. 儿童和青少年高血压:问题多于答案。

Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.1503

Sarah D de Ferranti, Matthew W Gillman

引用次数: 0

Teen sexting and its association with sexual behaviors. 青少年性短信及其与性行为的关系。

Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.835

Jeff R Temple, Jonathan A Paul, Patricia van den Berg, Vi Donna Le, Amy McElhany, Brian W Temple

{"title":"Teen sexting and its association with sexual behaviors.","authors":"Jeff R Temple, Jonathan A Paul, Patricia van den Berg, Vi Donna Le, Amy McElhany, Brian W Temple","doi":"10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.835","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To examine the prevalence of sexting behaviors as well as their relation to dating, sex, and risky sexual behaviors using a large school-based sample of adolescents.Design: Data are from time 2 of a 3-year longitudinal study. Participants self-reported their history of dating, sexual behaviors, and sexting (sent, asked, been asked, and/or bothered by being asked to send nude photographs of themselves).Setting: Seven public high schools in southeast Texas.Participants: A total of 948 public high school students (55.9% female) participated. The sample consisted of African American (26.6%), white (30.3%), Hispanic (31.7%), Asian (3.4%), and mixed/other (8.0%) teens.Main outcome measure: Having ever engaged in sexting behaviors.Results: Twenty-eight percent of the sample reported having sent a naked picture of themselves through text or e-mail (sext), and 31% reported having asked someone for a sext. More than half (57%) had been asked to send a sext, with most being bothered by having been asked. Adolescents who engaged in sexting behaviors were more likely to have begun dating and to have had sex than those who did not sext (all P < .001). For girls, sexting was also associated with risky sexual behaviors.Conclusions: The results suggest that teen sexting is prevalent and potentially indicative of teens' sexual behaviors. Teen-focused health care providers should consider screening for sexting behaviors to provide age-specific education about the potential consequences of sexting and as a mechanism for discussing sexual behaviors.","PeriodicalId":8310,"journal":{"name":"Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.835","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30730973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 258

More proof that home fortification is of value in children with iron deficiency anemia. 更多的证据证明家庭强化对缺铁性贫血的儿童有价值。

Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.20112.1514

Stanley Zlotkin

引用次数: 7

New media, old risks: toward an understanding of the relationships between online and offline health behavior. 新媒体，旧风险:了解线上和线下健康行为之间的关系。

Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.1320

Megan A Moreno, Jennifer M Whitehill

引用次数: 18