Archives of Psychiatry Research最新文献_第8页

Life Challenges with Psychological Consequences Connected to Growing up in War and Post-War Conditions 在战争和战后条件下长大带来的生活挑战和心理后果

Archives of Psychiatry Research Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.20471/may.2022.58.02.09

Josip Bošnjaković

{"title":"Life Challenges with Psychological Consequences Connected to Growing up in War and Post-War Conditions","authors":"Josip Bošnjaković","doi":"10.20471/may.2022.58.02.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/may.2022.58.02.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the relationship between the “Don’t Exist” injunction and the developmental conditions of two groups of adolescents: those who grew up alongside parents who experienced war and post-war conditions, and those who grew up in conditions of peace. Growing up in war and post-war conditions means, for adolescents, that they incorporate the injunctive messages “Do not exist” more than those who grow up in conditions of peace. Injunctive messages from parents were expressed non-verbally during the early years of today’s adolescents’ upbringing. The consequence of having high levels of the injunction “Don’t Exist” is observed through the psychological indisposition that we detected with the ESPERO questionnaire. The research results reported in this article refer to research conducted among Croatian adolescents in the spring of 2011. These adolescents were born during the war against Croatia (1991-1995) and were between 1-3 years old. The results show us that there is a statistically significant difference between adolescents raised in war and post-war conditions with adolescents raised in peaceful conditions. Based on the data, seven psychoeducational steps are suggested for the healthy development of a person and for a possible way of life for those who have suffered the consequences of war. In addition to this, the significant contribution of transactional analysis to the understanding of psychological processes in social relationships is highlighted.","PeriodicalId":8294,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47605421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Burnout Syndrome in Psychiatrists in Slovakia: A National Survey 斯洛伐克精神科医生的职业倦怠综合症:一项全国调查

Archives of Psychiatry Research Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.04

Eva Morovicsová, L. Valuš

{"title":"Burnout Syndrome in Psychiatrists in Slovakia: A National Survey","authors":"Eva Morovicsová, L. Valuš","doi":"10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"No study that would deal with the prevalence of burnout syndrome in psychiatrists has been carried out in Slovakia to date, even though it is a high-risk profession. We have therefore investigated the symptoms of burnout in physicians within all Slovak psychiatric workplaces, in relation to individual differences. The participants filled in the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Questionnaire for Identification of Stress Level and Burnout Syndrome. We aimed to detect their levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment as well as physical, psychological, emotional, and social symptoms of work-related stress and burnout. The remaining items of our interest concerned the participants’ age, length of practice, gender, provision of the institutional emergency care, and type of workplace. Over one third of Slovak psychiatrists expressed a low degree of personal accomplishment, one quarter reported a high level of depersonalization and nearly one half suffered a high level of emotional exhaustion. Not only the levels of emotional and physical symptoms, but also the overall level of burnout, were significantly higher in female psychiatrists. More experienced psychiatrists as well as those who do not provide the institutional emergency care expressed higher levels of personal accomplishment. To address the issues revealed both in our study and the previous research we recommend implementation of measures focused on the support of mental health of healthcare workers across the whole society. In addition, more attention is needed to the active use of preventive measures at all psychiatric workplaces by both the employers and the psychiatrists themselves.","PeriodicalId":8294,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42606847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Sense of Failure and Alexithymia on Perceived Temptation in Substance Users 失败感和述情障碍对药物使用者感知诱惑的影响

Archives of Psychiatry Research Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.05

Z. Ghiasi, Fatemeh Tarighi, S. Moallemi

{"title":"The Effect of Sense of Failure and Alexithymia on Perceived Temptation in Substance Users","authors":"Z. Ghiasi, Fatemeh Tarighi, S. Moallemi","doi":"10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the importance of perceived level of temptation on treatment programs in substance users and the role of cognitive aspects, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of sense of failure and alexithymia on perceived temptation. Materials and Methods: In this study, the effect of sense of failure and alexithymia on the perceived temptation in substance users in Saravan [south of IR. Iran] was investigated. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 270 addicts living in addiction treatment centers in Saravan in the first four months of 2018 were selected by convenience sampling method. The Defeat Scale, the Alexithymia Scale, and the Drug Perceived Temptation Questionnaire-20 were used to assess variables. SPSS software version 22, Pearson correlation test and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that there is a relationship between inactivity, sense of loser and satisfaction with temptation [r = 0.32, 0.51, - 0.46]. There is also a significant relationship between alexithymia, difficulty in identifying emotions, difficulty in describing emotions and objective thinking with temptation [r = 0.60, 0.51, 0.48, 0.30]. Based on regression analysis, alexithymia [R2 = 0.37] and sense of failure [R2 = 0.32] can negatively predict temptation. Based on the results of the study, considering the sense of failure, alexithymia, and receiving appropriate care can play an important role in reducing perceived temptation.","PeriodicalId":8294,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44155816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing the Sensitivity and Specificity of Wilson-Sims Fall Risk Assessment Tool, Clinical Judgment and Morse Fall Scale in the Assessment of Fall Risk among Psychiatric Inpatients Wilson Sims跌倒风险评估工具、临床判断和Morse跌倒量表在精神病住院患者跌倒风险评估中的敏感性和特异性比较

Archives of Psychiatry Research Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.11

R. Jamaluddin, Ooi Yit Tyse, Aimi Izwani Mohd Nazli, Munirah Syakirah Ab Rahman, Sim Ru Min

{"title":"Comparing the Sensitivity and Specificity of Wilson-Sims Fall Risk Assessment Tool, Clinical Judgment and Morse Fall Scale in the Assessment of Fall Risk among Psychiatric Inpatients","authors":"R. Jamaluddin, Ooi Yit Tyse, Aimi Izwani Mohd Nazli, Munirah Syakirah Ab Rahman, Sim Ru Min","doi":"10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.11","url":null,"abstract":"Effective fall risk assessment tool is important for preventive measures to be instituted among psychiatric inpatients. Our study aimed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of Wilson-Sims Fall Risk Assessment Tool (WSFRAT), clinical judgment and Morse Fall Scale (MFS) in the assessment of the risk of fall among psychiatric inpatients. All psychiatric inpatients who were admitted to psychiatric ward of Hospital Tuanku Fauziah, Malaysia from April 1st, 2019, till December 31st, 2020 were assessed for their risk of fall using WSFRAT, clinical judgment and MFS. The frequency and characteristics of actual fall event during period of hospitalization was documented. The study included a total of 400 psychiatric inpatients. Clinical judgment stratified 17 patients as high risk of fall (Mean age: 50.9 ± 12.13 years old, male predominance at 76.5 % and otherwise physically healthy), among which, five actually fell. Among these, four were considered as high risk by WSFRAT and two by MFS. The WSFRAT demonstrated higher sensitivity of fall detection as compared to MFS (60 % vs. 40 %), while the sensitivity of clinical judgment alone without specific fall risks tools was 80 % and a specificity of 96.7 %. Clinical judgement is derived from a comprehensive psychiatric assessment. The value of any objective assessment tool proved to be superior when an element of clinical judgement is concurrently added.","PeriodicalId":8294,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47036551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Relationship Between Appearance Satisfaction and Self-Esteem Among High School Students in Eastern Croatia 东克罗埃西亚高中生外表满意度与自尊的关系

Archives of Psychiatry Research Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.20471/may.2022.58.02.08

D. Holik, Andrea Milostić Srb, Boris Dumenčić, Z. Bosnić, Bruno Popić, Ljiljana Trtica Majnarić

{"title":"The Relationship Between Appearance Satisfaction and Self-Esteem Among High School Students in Eastern Croatia","authors":"D. Holik, Andrea Milostić Srb, Boris Dumenčić, Z. Bosnić, Bruno Popić, Ljiljana Trtica Majnarić","doi":"10.20471/may.2022.58.02.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/may.2022.58.02.08","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the imposition of social media, a large number of adolescents face problems related to physical appearance and social contact. The research objectives were to examine the degree of satisfaction of high school students in Eastern Croatia, Vinkovci, regarding their physical appearance and self-esteem based on their gender, type of high school and the differences in socioeconomic status. The study was designed as a cross-sectional research and included 278 students from medical schools and high schools. Data was collected using a survey on the demographic and socio-economic status of participants. The Body Image Questionnaire was used in a modified and validated version in Croatia and contained fourteen questions to examine the level of satisfaction with the body image. Using Rosenberg’s ten-question test, the level of self-esteem was examined. The Median age of students was 18 years. The female students in high school were significantly more concerned about their physical appearance than the male students in the same school (χ² = 23.6, p < 0.001). The linear correlation between the degree of satisfaction regarding physical appearance and self-esteem confirmed the association between body image satisfaction and gender of students in medical schools (r = 0,157; p = 0,04) and students in high school (r = 0,371; p < 0,001). Adolescents in this region of Croatia are not overly concerned about their physical appearance despite relatively decreased self-esteem. Alcohol consumption has proven to be a big problem especially for high school students, which can be a result of stress due to maintaining excellent grades.","PeriodicalId":8294,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42197612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Female Renal Donors: Impact of Donation on Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life 女性肾供者:捐献对焦虑、抑郁症状和生活质量的影响

Archives of Psychiatry Research Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.06

V. Gaur, Geetika Chopra

{"title":"Female Renal Donors: Impact of Donation on Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life","authors":"V. Gaur, Geetika Chopra","doi":"10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Donating one’s kidney can be a complicated psychological experience. This study was designed to evaluate and compare anxiety, depression and quality of life of married female renal donors during the pre and post donation phase. Methods: In this prospective longitudinal observational study, 39 consecutive female renal donors were assessed using PHQ-9, HAM-A and the WHO QoL-Bref Questionnaire 2 weeks before and 3 months after kidney donation. Results: The mean age of female kidney donors was 41.74 ± 8.85. After donation, prevalence of depression increased from 43.59 % (n = 17) to 53.84 % (n = 21), (t(38) = -2.089, p = 0.04) while prevalence of anxiety in donors increased from 58.97 (n = 23) to 69.23 % (n = 27) and the difference was found to be statistically significant (t(38) = 2.47, p = 0.01). Kidney transplantation resulted in a significant decrease in overall perception score of WHOQOL-Bref Questionnaire. (t(38) = 3.504, p = 0.001), overall perception score of health (t(38) = 3.504, p = 0.001), physical domain (t(38) = 4.180, p = 0.000) and psychological domain (t(38) = 2.469, p = 0.018) after donation. There were no significant changes in the social relationship (t(38) = -0.80, p = 0.936) and environmental health domain scores (t(38) = 0.991, p = 0.328). On multiple regression analysis, presence of pre-transplant depression was independently associated with overall score of WHOQOL-Bref Questionnaire (β = -0.14, p = 0.002), perception of health (β = -0.08, p = 0.001), physical health (β = -1.91, p = 0.08) and psychological health (β = -2.57, p = 0.02). Pre-transplant anxiety was negatively related to overall perception of health (β = -0.08, p = 0.01), physical health (β = -2.05, p = 0.01) and psychological health (β = -1.94, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Significant reduction in quality of life, perception of health, physical health and psychological domain of female renal donors was observed after donation.","PeriodicalId":8294,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48071412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Tempest: a Reflection in Pandemic Loneliness 暴风雨：对流行病孤独感的反思

Archives of Psychiatry Research Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.13

Nicholas Tze Ping Pang

引用次数: 0

Daridorexant 达里多雷

Archives of Psychiatry Research Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.20471/may.2022.58.02.14

Vjekoslav Peitl, Darko Vlahović

引用次数: 1

The Relationship of Trauma History, Substance Misuse, and Religious Coping to Trauma Symptoms among Homeless Men in Residential Treatment: A Preliminary Study 创伤史、药物滥用和宗教应对与收容治疗中无家可归男性创伤症状关系的初步研究

Archives of Psychiatry Research Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.10

Therese Mansour Moriarty, Cary Lane Mitchell

{"title":"The Relationship of Trauma History, Substance Misuse, and Religious Coping to Trauma Symptoms among Homeless Men in Residential Treatment: A Preliminary Study","authors":"Therese Mansour Moriarty, Cary Lane Mitchell","doi":"10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.10","url":null,"abstract":"Homelessness is a global health and well-being crisis that impacts millions of people annually. Individuals without housing experience higher rates of alcohol and drug use problems than the general community. They also report more trauma exposure and are at increased risk for trauma-related symptoms. Faith-based organizations are among the institutions that provide treatment and recovery programs for homeless persons with substance use problems. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship of trauma history, substance use problems, and religious coping methods to trauma symptoms in a sample of homeless men in a faith-based residential treatment program. An ethnically diverse sample of 98 men participated; their mean age was 42.5 years. Measures included a brief trauma history screener, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-20), the Brief Religious Coping Scale (Brief RCOPE), and the Trauma Symptom Inventory (TSI). As predicted, trauma history, AUDIT scores, DAST-20 scores, and negative religious coping were positively associated with trauma symptoms. Racial identity also accounted for significant variance in TSI scores, especially regarding trauma-related anxious and depressive symptoms. Positive religious coping appeared essentially unrelated to trauma symptoms. These findings support the utility of the instruments used for assessment with homeless persons in residential treatment programs for substance abuse.","PeriodicalId":8294,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47935242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute Mescaline Intoxication Followed by Catatonia 急性梅斯卡林中毒并发强直

Archives of Psychiatry Research Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.20471/dec.2022.58.02.12

Din Duraković, A. Silić, V. Peitl, D. Vlahović, Daniela Vojnović, D. Karlović

引用次数: 0