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[Experimental studies of the evaluation of the energy balance of dairy cows. 1. Milk production and milk composition]. 奶牛能量平衡评价的实验研究。1. 牛奶产量和牛奶成分]。
Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin Pub Date : 1990-01-01
B Staufenbiel, N Rossow, E Kirst
{"title":"[Experimental studies of the evaluation of the energy balance of dairy cows. 1. Milk production and milk composition].","authors":"B Staufenbiel,&nbsp;N Rossow,&nbsp;E Kirst","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proper assessment of the risk to animal health in early lactation has proved to depend decisively on knowledge of intensity of mobilisation processes as well as of the onset and general pronunciation of subsequent regeneration of endogenic energy reserves. Mere calculation of the difference between estimated energy uptake via feed ration and energy output to sustain milk production would not provide a realistic picture of energy mobilisation and deposition in the organism of a dairy cow. Milk fat levels and quantities but also high milk protein levels and quantities were the milk substances which more clearly than others indicated mobilisation of endogenic fat and protein reserves during the first three weeks of lactation. No information could be derived from milk yield and milk substances as to the onset or level of positive energy balance, following redepositing of energy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8263,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin","volume":"44 1","pages":"143-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13493213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Prececal crude protein digestion and amino acid absorption during the use of ileorectostomy and fistula technic in swine]. [猪回肠造瘘术中结肠前粗蛋白质消化和氨基酸吸收]。
Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin Pub Date : 1990-01-01
U Hennig, J Wünsche, W B Souffrant, U Herrmann
{"title":"[Prececal crude protein digestion and amino acid absorption during the use of ileorectostomy and fistula technic in swine].","authors":"U Hennig,&nbsp;J Wünsche,&nbsp;W B Souffrant,&nbsp;U Herrmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Described in this paper are ileocecal cannulation and ileorectostomy, two methods used for quantitative collection of chyme in the context of protein assessment on the basis of prececally absorbable amino acids. Reference is made to the manufacture of new, flexible intestinal cannulas of biocompatible material and to the surgical approaches in connection with either method. Determination of prececal digestibility of crude nutrients and absorption of amino acids in three rations fed to pigs with ileorectal anastomoses and ileocecal cannulas gave identical data or fair agreement with the extension of two amino acids. The conclusion was drawn that data recorded by means of the two methods can be used in the preparation of tabulated values.</p>","PeriodicalId":8263,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin","volume":"44 1","pages":"35-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13493216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The content of Hb and the hematocrit value in blood and the total proteins, urea, glucose, free fatty acids, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Pa, Fe, Fe-binding capacity, Cu and Zn in the blood plasma of Warmblood horses during feeding with oat-hay or barley-hay rations over a period of 9 months]. [饲喂燕麦干草或大麦干草饲料9个月后，温血马血液中Hb含量、红细胞压积值及血浆总蛋白、尿素、葡萄糖、游离脂肪酸、Na、K、Ca、Mg、Pa、Fe、铁结合能力、Cu、Zn含量的变化]。
Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin Pub Date : 1990-01-01
A Steinbrecher, R Fuchs, E Kolb, K Nestler, C Schineff, U Schmidt, M Wahren
{"title":"[The content of Hb and the hematocrit value in blood and the total proteins, urea, glucose, free fatty acids, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Pa, Fe, Fe-binding capacity, Cu and Zn in the blood plasma of Warmblood horses during feeding with oat-hay or barley-hay rations over a period of 9 months].","authors":"A Steinbrecher,&nbsp;R Fuchs,&nbsp;E Kolb,&nbsp;K Nestler,&nbsp;C Schineff,&nbsp;U Schmidt,&nbsp;M Wahren","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>4 horses (Group A) received an oat-hay ration, through 9 months running, while 3 horses (Group B) were fed a barley-hay ration over the same period of time. Blood samples were collected and examined in 4-week intervals. All values considered, no differences were found to exist between the 2 groups with regard to Hb and haematocrit in blood as well as to protein, glucose, sodium, potassium, magnesium, iron fixation capacity, copper, and zinc in blood plasma. The urea level in plasma of Group A was higher than that in Group B, values being 5.76 +/- 0.64 mmol/l and 5.14 +/- 0.72 mmol/l. The same applied to free fatty acids, values being 150 +/- 83 mumols/l in Group A and 95 +/- 42 mumols/l in Group B. Calcium was 3.10 +/- 0.27 mmol/l in Group A and 2.92 +/- 0.26 mmol/l in Group B, while the A-B difference in inorganic phosphorus amounted to 1.62 +/- 0.65 against 1.99 +/- 0.77 mmol/l. Group A was inferior to Group B also with regard to iron in plasma, values being 28.6 +/- 2.42 mumols/l against 32.8 +/- 4.62 mumol/l. Causes underlying these differences are discussed in some detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":8263,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin","volume":"44 3","pages":"367-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13392428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pharmacokinetics and renal clearance of ampicillin in sheep. 氨苄西林在绵羊体内的药代动力学和肾脏清除率。
Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin Pub Date : 1990-01-01
I Ahmad, M Nawaz, R Nawaz
{"title":"Pharmacokinetics and renal clearance of ampicillin in sheep.","authors":"I Ahmad,&nbsp;M Nawaz,&nbsp;R Nawaz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmacokinetics and renal clearance of ampicillin were investigated in 13 sheep, following one single oral dose of 750 mg. A peak concentration in plasma 0.38 +/- 0.04 microgram/ml (mean +/- SEM) was achieved 95.3 +/- 5.95 min after drug administration. Absorption half-life was 44.4 +/- 4.4 min. The area under the plasma concentration curve was 94.6 +/- 4.5 micrograms.hour.ml-1, while in the case of urine it was 370.5 +/- 28.3 micrograms.hour.ml-1. Biological half-life of ampicillin was 110 +/- 3 min, with an elimination rate constant of 0.0064 +/- 0.0002 min-1. The values for volume of distribution and total body clearance were 8.2 +/- 0.71/kg or 52.0 +/- 4.2 ml/kg/min, respectively. The priming and maintenance doses, using MIC as 0.05 microgram/ml, were suggested to be 8.8 or 8.4 mg/kg, respectively, at an 8-h interval. For MIC of 0.5 microgram/ml, this dose should be 10 times higher. Renal clearance of ampicillin seemed to involve active tubular secretion. Renal excretion indicated either extensive metabolism or excretion through routes other than kidneys.</p>","PeriodicalId":8263,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin","volume":"44 3","pages":"465-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13393007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The effect of cumulus oophorus on the fertilization in vitro of mature oocytes of cattle]. [积云对牛成熟卵母细胞体外受精的影响]。
Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin Pub Date : 1990-01-01
M Böttcher, S Blottner, S Krüger, B Rettig, W Lange
{"title":"[The effect of cumulus oophorus on the fertilization in vitro of mature oocytes of cattle].","authors":"M Böttcher,&nbsp;S Blottner,&nbsp;S Krüger,&nbsp;B Rettig,&nbsp;W Lange","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of the cumulus oophorus on fertilisation was investigated by 478 in vitro maturated bovine oocytes. Culturing revealed that the amount of defects on the pellucid zone and in ooplasm of cumulus-free oocytes was higher than that in oocytes cultured in the cumulus-oocyte complex (38 percent or 77/203 versus eleven percent or 30/275). Insemination of the cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) seemed to increase the fertilisation capability of bovine oocytes (63 percent or 70/111), though its penetration rate was only 45 percent (111/245) and was thus below that of cumulus-free oocytes (55 percent or 69/126). Use of COC is recommended as basic material for in vitro maturation and fertilisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8263,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin","volume":"44 1","pages":"53-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13493794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Rift Valley fever virus on pregnant and non-pregnant local Barki ewes after artificial infection. 人工感染裂谷热病毒对怀孕和未怀孕当地巴尔基母羊的影响。
Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin Pub Date : 1990-01-01
M Wasel, M M Atia, A Mohsen, M el-Sayed, K Zaki
{"title":"Effect of Rift Valley fever virus on pregnant and non-pregnant local Barki ewes after artificial infection.","authors":"M Wasel,&nbsp;M M Atia,&nbsp;A Mohsen,&nbsp;M el-Sayed,&nbsp;K Zaki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies were conducted into effects of Rift Valley fever virus on oestrous and vaginal cytology in non-pregnant ewes. 6 pregnant and 8 non-pregnant local Barki ewes were subcutaneously inoculated with different doses of virus isolated from Sharkia Province. Observed were irregularities in the oestrous cycle (20-28 days inoculation) and anoestrum. The anoestrum smears included large non-cornified epithelial cells with large well stains centrally located nuclei together with a large number of bacteria. Abortion and retention of placenta occurred in pregnant ewes with prolonged puerperal heat up to 70 days. Inoculation of virus was followed by thermal response. Re-isolation of virus in BHK cells was possible from aborted foetuses and placenta.</p>","PeriodicalId":8263,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin","volume":"44 5","pages":"645-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13252254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
cDNA-cloning and expression of VP1-specific sequences of foot-and-mouth disease virus types A5 and O1. 口蹄疫病毒A5型和O1型vp1特异性序列的cdna克隆与表达
Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin Pub Date : 1990-01-01
L Meyer, H W Heinrich, M Lenk, S Kleinwächter, H Horstmann, S Bochnig, P Eichler, P Kruschke
{"title":"cDNA-cloning and expression of VP1-specific sequences of foot-and-mouth disease virus types A5 and O1.","authors":"L Meyer,&nbsp;H W Heinrich,&nbsp;M Lenk,&nbsp;S Kleinwächter,&nbsp;H Horstmann,&nbsp;S Bochnig,&nbsp;P Eichler,&nbsp;P Kruschke","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The RNA genome of foot- and mouth disease virus strains A5 Westerwald and O1 Lausanne has been reverse-transcribed and cloned in lambdaphages or plasmids. Identification of cDNA-clones containing VP1-specific sequences was achieved by hybridization, restriction mapping, and sequence analysis. VP1-coding cDNA-fragments were subcloned into the expression vector pEX which led to synthesis of fusion proteins with beta-galactosidase. These fusion proteins reacted with anti-VP1 antibodies on a Western blot, but were not capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies to mice. This seemed to suggest a tertiary structure of the VP1-epitopes unlike those of native VP1. Other attempts are discussed to construct VP1-fusion proteins folding similarly to the native viral protein structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":8263,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin","volume":"44 6","pages":"855-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13124156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Experimental udder infection with Escherichia coli. 2. Morphological changes of the epithelium in the area of the glands of the milk cistern and the large milk ducts]. 实验乳房感染大肠杆菌。2. 乳池腺体和大乳管区域上皮的形态学改变。
Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin Pub Date : 1990-01-01
P Sterba, G Michel, J Schulz
{"title":"[Experimental udder infection with Escherichia coli. 2. Morphological changes of the epithelium in the area of the glands of the milk cistern and the large milk ducts].","authors":"P Sterba,&nbsp;G Michel,&nbsp;J Schulz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical light, transmission, and scanning electron microscopy were used in investigations of epithelia in the glandular region of the milk cistern and greater lactiferous ducts and yielded the following findings, four and six hours from infection: degeneration and necrosis of epithelial cells, intraepithelial foreign cell infiltration (neutrophilic granulocytes, lymphocytes, macrophages), intra-epithelial oedema and locally delimited epithelial loss. The lesions differed by intensity in various regions, so that a distinction could be made among five froms of epithelial alterations. The epithelial cells revealed their capability of absorbing pathogenic material and storing it in cytoplasmic vacuoles. This was considered to reflect active involvement of epithelium in antibacterial defence, and consequently, to reflect the role played by epithelium as a defence barrier in the milk cistern and greater lactiferous ducts.</p>","PeriodicalId":8263,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin","volume":"44 5","pages":"740-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13252193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The effect of long term bentonite administration on mixed element metabolism in dwarf goats]. [长期施用膨润土对矮山羊混合元素代谢的影响]。
Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin Pub Date : 1990-01-01
T Schwarz, E Werner
{"title":"[The effect of long term bentonite administration on mixed element metabolism in dwarf goats].","authors":"T Schwarz,&nbsp;E Werner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pigmy goats were experimentally examined for the effects of subchronic oral applications of high doses of GDR-made bentonite on their mass element status (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium sodium, potassium). The argillaceous mineral caused slightly reduced incorporation of calcium in the bones. Bentonite-related reduction of alkaline phosphatase activity cannot be ruled out as a causative factor. Magnesium concentrations in blood serum and liver of bentonite-treated pigm goats were lower with significance than those recorded from controls. Phosphorus, sodium, and potassium metabolism was not substantively altered by bentonite application. A sodium substitution effect might possibly be achieved by admixture of bentonite to feed rations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8263,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin","volume":"44 4","pages":"493-501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13393012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The pathomorphology and pathogenesis of acute cardiovascular failure in swine. 2. Histopathologic findings in the myocardium of swine of different populations]. 猪急性心血管衰竭的病理形态学及发病机制。2. 不同猪群心肌组织病理学研究[j]。
Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin Pub Date : 1990-01-01
A Gräfe, V Bergmann, H Seifert
{"title":"[The pathomorphology and pathogenesis of acute cardiovascular failure in swine. 2. Histopathologic findings in the myocardium of swine of different populations].","authors":"A Gräfe,&nbsp;V Bergmann,&nbsp;H Seifert","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histopathological alterations of the myocardium (inflammatory processes, fibrolysis, fibronecrosis, dystrophic calcification, fatty degeneration of fibres, sarcosporidia) were recorded for quantitative evaluation from 200 hearts which had been collected from clinically intact pigs for slaughter of different populations (Leicoma, land race, Schwerfurt breed, Belgian land race). Both incidence and severity of myocardial damage in pigs of stress-sensitive populations were higher with significance than those in the less stress-sensitive Leicoma population oriented to breeding. The highest rate of pathological processes was recorded from hearts of the Schwerfurt breed. These alterations were interpreted as objectively measurable expressions of breed-dependent differences in cardiovascular stability. In this context, rates of damage were higher in hearts of low absolute mass.</p>","PeriodicalId":8263,"journal":{"name":"Archiv fur experimentelle Veterinarmedizin","volume":"44 4","pages":"513-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13393014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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