Research in economic history最新文献_第2页

Theory and Diagnostics for Selection Biases in Historical Height Samples 历史身高样本选择偏差的理论与诊断

Research in economic history Pub Date : 2019-08-26 DOI: 10.1108/S0363-326820190000035005

H. Bodenhorn, T. Guinnane, T. Mroz

{"title":"Theory and Diagnostics for Selection Biases in Historical Height Samples","authors":"H. Bodenhorn, T. Guinnane, T. Mroz","doi":"10.1108/S0363-326820190000035005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S0363-326820190000035005","url":null,"abstract":"Long-run changes in living standards occupy an important place in development and growth economics, as well as in economic history. An extensive literature uses heights to study historical living standards. Most historical heights data, however, come from selected subpopulations such as volunteer soldiers, raising concerns about the role of selection bias in these results. Variations in sample mean heights can reflect selection rather than changes in population heights. A Roy-style model of the decision to join the military formalizes the selection problem. Simulations show that even modest differential rewards to the civilian sector produce a military heights sample that is significantly shorter than the cohort from which it is drawn. Monte Carlos show that diagnostics based on departure from the normal distribution have little power to detect selection. To detect height-related selection, we develop a simple, robust diagnostic based on differential selection by age at recruitment. A companion paper (H. Bodenhorn, T. Guinnane, and T. Mroz, 2017) uses this diagnostic to show that the selection problems affect important results in the historical heights literature.","PeriodicalId":82471,"journal":{"name":"Research in economic history","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1108/S0363-326820190000035005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49316828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Prelims 预备考试

Research in economic history Pub Date : 2018-07-19 DOI: 10.1108/s0363-326820180000034006

引用次数: 0

Monetary Policy and the Copper Price Bust: A Reassessment of the Causes of the 1907 Panic 货币政策与铜价暴跌：1907年恐慌原因的重新评估

Research in economic history Pub Date : 2018-07-19 DOI: 10.1108/S0363-326820180000034004

Mary T. Rodgers, J. Payne

{"title":"Monetary Policy and the Copper Price Bust: A Reassessment of the Causes of the 1907 Panic","authors":"Mary T. Rodgers, J. Payne","doi":"10.1108/S0363-326820180000034004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S0363-326820180000034004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000We find evidence that the runs on banks and trust companies in the Panic of 1907 were linked to the Bank of England’s contractionary monetary policy actions taken in 1906 and 1907 through the medium of copper prices. Results from our vector autoregressive models and copper stockpile data support our argument that a copper commodity price channel may have been active in transmitting the Bank’s policy to the New York markets. Archival evidence suggests that the plunge in copper prices may have partially triggered both the initiation and the failure of an attempt to corner the shares of United Copper, and in turn, the bank and trust company runs related to that transaction’s failure. We suggest that the substantial short-term uncertainties accompanying the development of the copper-intensive electrical and telecommunications industries likely played a role in the plunge in copper prices. Additionally, we find evidence that the copper price transmission mechanism was also likely active in five other countries that year. While we do not argue that copper caused the 1907 crisis, we suggest that it was an active policy transmission channel amplifying the classic effect that was already spreading through the money market channel. If the bust in copper prices partially triggered the 1907 panic, then it provides additional evidence that contractionary monetary policy may have had an unintended, adverse consequence of contributing to a bank panic and, therefore, supports other recent findings that monetary policy deliberations might benefit from considering the policy impact on asset prices.","PeriodicalId":82471,"journal":{"name":"Research in economic history","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1108/S0363-326820180000034004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48316033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Index 指数

Research in economic history Pub Date : 2018-07-19 DOI: 10.1108/s0363-326820180000034007

引用次数: 0

The Forgotten Half of Finance: Working-class Saving in Late Nineteenth-century New Jersey 被遗忘的金融业:19世纪晚期新泽西工人阶级的储蓄

Research in economic history Pub Date : 2018-07-19 DOI: 10.1108/S0363-326820180000034002

H. Bodenhorn

引用次数: 3

Research in Economic History 经济史研究

Research in economic history Pub Date : 2018-07-19 DOI: 10.1108/s0363-3268201834

Susan Wolcott

引用次数: 0

Prices, Wages, and the Cost of Living in Old Republic São Paulo: 1891–1930 物价、工资和旧共和国时期圣保罗的生活成本:1891-1930

Research in economic history Pub Date : 2018-07-19 DOI: 10.1108/S0363-326820180000034001

M. Ball

{"title":"Prices, Wages, and the Cost of Living in Old Republic São Paulo: 1891–1930","authors":"M. Ball","doi":"10.1108/S0363-326820180000034001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S0363-326820180000034001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Using archival and primary source evidence, this chapter introduces the first real wage series from 1891 to 1930 for Brazil’s most important immigrant and industrial city, Sao Paulo. This is the first price series, nominal wage series, and real wage series for the city that covers the duration of the Old Republic. While scholars look to Rio de Janeiro evidence to compare Brazil’s cost of living to other southern cone and immigrant-receiving countries, it is preferable to use evidence from the primary destination city. Price deviations between the two cities underscore the need for these series. The results show foodstuff prices increased steadily over the period and more dramatically in the period during and after World War I. Hedonic wage regressions show hourly wages for unskilled, low-skilled, and medium-skilled workers did not increase accordingly. While the decline in real wages tapered off in the 1920s, real wages across skill levels did not recover to prewar levels. This new index suggests the city of Sao Paulo’s labor market was more integrated with Buenos Aires’s than with Rio de Janeiro’s and that Paulistano real wages did not recover in the 1920s to the extent that they did in other southern cone cities. Given these results, the puzzle as to why migrants continued to flock to the city prove more intriguing. The results also suggest that Vargas-era labor legislation had the potential to greatly improve the lives of the city’s working class, perhaps more so than in other cities.","PeriodicalId":82471,"journal":{"name":"Research in economic history","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1108/S0363-326820180000034001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48757904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Heights across the Last 2,000 Years in England 英格兰过去两千年的高度

Research in economic history Pub Date : 2018-07-19 DOI: 10.1108/S0363-326820180000034003

G. Galofré-Vilà, A. Hinde, A. Guntupalli

{"title":"Heights across the Last 2,000 Years in England","authors":"G. Galofré-Vilà, A. Hinde, A. Guntupalli","doi":"10.1108/S0363-326820180000034003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S0363-326820180000034003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter uses a dataset of heights calculated from the femurs of skeletal remains to explore the development of stature in England across the last two millennia. We find that heights increased during the Roman period and then steadily fell during the “Dark Ages” in the early medieval period. At the turn of the first millennium, heights grew rapidly, but after 1200 they started to decline coinciding with the agricultural depression, the Great Famine, and the Black Death. Then they recovered to reach a plateau which they maintained for almost 300 years, before falling on the eve of industrialization. The data show that average heights in England in the early nineteenth century were comparable to those in Roman times, and that average heights reported between 1400 and 1700 were similar to those of the twentieth century. This chapter also discusses the association of heights across time with some potential determinants and correlates (real wages, inequality, food supply, climate change, and expectation of life), showing that in the long run heights change with these variables, and that in certain periods, notably the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, the associations are observable over the shorter run as well. We also examine potential biases surrounding the use of skeletal remains.","PeriodicalId":82471,"journal":{"name":"Research in economic history","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1108/S0363-326820180000034003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46161487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Multiple Core Regions: Regional Inequality in Switzerland, 1860–2008 多重核心区域：瑞士的区域不平等，1860–2008

Research in economic history Pub Date : 2018-07-19 DOI: 10.1108/S0363-326820180000034005

Christian Stohr

引用次数: 6

Research in Economic History 经济史研究

Research in economic history Pub Date : 2008-12-02 DOI: 10.1108/s0363-3268(2010)0000027011

A. Field

引用次数: 4