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4区医学

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.1163/17246172-04401000

引用次数: 0

Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding HIV/AIDS and STIs among youths and key populations in informal settlements of Nairobi, Kenya. 肯尼亚内罗毕非正式住区青年和重点人群中关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病和性传播感染的知识、态度和做法。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_23_01_12

Susanna Caminada, Francesca Maria Carrani, Marco Simonelli, Simonetta Crateri, Judith Mwikali Musyoka, Richard Muga, Eric Isyaho Mulinya, Catherine Onguti, Grazia Orsolato, Maria Elena Tosti

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding HIV/AIDS and STIs among youths and key populations in informal settlements of Nairobi, Kenya.","authors":"Susanna Caminada, Francesca Maria Carrani, Marco Simonelli, Simonetta Crateri, Judith Mwikali Musyoka, Richard Muga, Eric Isyaho Mulinya, Catherine Onguti, Grazia Orsolato, Maria Elena Tosti","doi":"10.4415/ANN_23_01_12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_23_01_12","url":null,"abstract":"Kenya is home to one of the worst HIV/AIDS epidemics, with higher prevalence rates in youths in urban slums. We conducted a cross-sectional mixed-methods study in Nairobi informal settlements. The aim was to investigate knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of this marginalized community, and to identify, with a bottom-up approach, the most appropriate interventions to increase the utilization of HIV/STIs services. Preliminary qualitative research was used to draw questionnaires, which assessed: STIs/HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours; access and barriers to STIs/HIV/AIDS services; perceived quality of services; the impact of COVID-19. One thousand and fifty-four respondents completed the questionnaire. 48.3% were youth in the community, 23% youth in school, 16.8% young mothers, 6.9% drug users and 5% people attending a technical-vocational training. We found unsatisfactory knowledge of STIs/HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention, and low condom use, mainly due to difficult access, poverty, and gender-based violence. We also found limited use of health services, and lack of trust due to poor attitude of the staff. COVID-19 has widened barriers to access to health services. To reach this population, it is necessary to implement educational interventions, facilitate access to free condoms, and train health centre staff to be more welcoming. Respondents found proximity strategies more efficient, including door-to-door testing and community outreach.","PeriodicalId":8246,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"59 1","pages":"80-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9198177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of phthalates on marine organisms: cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of mono-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (MEHP) on European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) embryonic cell line. 邻苯二甲酸酯对海洋生物的影响:邻苯二甲酸酯(MEHP)对欧洲黑鲈(Dicentrarchus labrax)胚胎细胞系的细胞毒性和遗传毒性

IF 2.1 4区医学

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_23_01_10

Chiara Molino, Silvia Filippi, Giada Giovani, Alessandra Caccia, Roberta Meschini, Dario Angeletti

{"title":"Effects of phthalates on marine organisms: cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of mono-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (MEHP) on European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) embryonic cell line.","authors":"Chiara Molino, Silvia Filippi, Giada Giovani, Alessandra Caccia, Roberta Meschini, Dario Angeletti","doi":"10.4415/ANN_23_01_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_23_01_10","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) represents a toxicological risk for marine organisms due to its widespread presence in aquatic environments.Methods: MEHP effects on cell viability, cell death and genotoxicity were investigated on the DLEC cell line, derived from early embryos of the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax L.Results: A dose-dependent cytotoxic effect, with no induction of necrotic process, except at its highest concentration, was observed. Moreover, chromosomal instability was detected, both in binucleated and mononucleated cells, coupled with a minor inhibition of cell proliferation, whereas genomic instability was not revealed. To our knowledge, the overall results suggest the first evidence of a possible aneugenic effect of this compound in the DLEC cell line, that is the induction of chromosomal loss events without the induction of primary DNA damage.Conclusions: MEHP should be considered more harmful than its parent compound DEHP, because it induces genomic instability in the DLEC cell line without triggering cell death.","PeriodicalId":8246,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"59 1","pages":"68-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9333152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Newborn screening in Italy: a unique program of public health in Europe. Editorial. 意大利的新生儿筛查：欧洲独一无二的公共卫生计划。社论。

IF 1.1 4区医学

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_23_01_01

Domenica Taruscio, Andrea Piccioli

引用次数: 0

Determinants of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance or hesitancy in Italy: an overview of the current evidence. 意大利COVID-19疫苗接种接受或犹豫的决定因素:当前证据概述

IF 2.1 4区医学

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_23_01_03

Chiara Primieri, Carla Bietta, Irene Giacchetta, Manuela Chiavarini, Chiara de Waure

{"title":"Determinants of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance or hesitancy in Italy: an overview of the current evidence.","authors":"Chiara Primieri, Carla Bietta, Irene Giacchetta, Manuela Chiavarini, Chiara de Waure","doi":"10.4415/ANN_23_01_03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_23_01_03","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy is a major public health issue and a challenge for the implementation of COVID-19 immunization campaigns. The objective of this study was to address the determinants of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance or hesitancy in the Italian population.Materials and methods: We conducted a rapid systematic review by searching PubMed until May 3rd, 2022, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guidelines. Articles assessing determinants of Italians' attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination in terms of hesitancy and/or acceptance were considered eligible. Quality and risk of bias assessment was performed through the Newcastle Ottawa Scale appraisal tool. Determinants were grouped in three categories: contextual, individual and group, and vaccine/vaccination specific influences.Results: Out of 606 articles, 59 studies were included in the analysis. Included studies demonstrated that, in Italy, COVID-19 vaccination acceptance or hesitancy is mostly influenced by perceived safety, efficacy and usefulness of the vaccine.Conclusion: These findings should be considered to plan tailored interventions for counteracting COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in Italy.","PeriodicalId":8246,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"59 1","pages":"10-25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9567940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The role of ecotoxicology in the health impact assessment: an innovative ecosystem approach for the protection of human health in Italy. 生态毒理学在健康影响评估中的作用:意大利保护人类健康的创新生态系统方法。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_23_01_08

Ines Lacchetti, Mario Carere, Walter Cristiano, Laura Mancini

{"title":"The role of ecotoxicology in the health impact assessment: an innovative ecosystem approach for the protection of human health in Italy.","authors":"Ines Lacchetti, Mario Carere, Walter Cristiano, Laura Mancini","doi":"10.4415/ANN_23_01_08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_23_01_08","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Health Impact Assessment (HIA) is a procedure with the aim to protect the populations exposed to the impacts deriving from the establishment or upgrading of large industrial enterprises, i.e. large combustion plants (>300 MWth). In Italy a guideline for the HIA procedure has been published in compliance with the 2014/52/EU Directive on the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) requirements. Italian HIA procedure. An ecotoxicological approach has been included for the first time in the HIA procedure with the aim to detect toxic effects caused by unknown not-monitored contaminants or mixtures in the ecosystem components affected by the potential emissions, discharges and releases of large industrial enterprises. Ecotoxicology plays an important bridge role between environment and human health in the scoping and monitoring step of the HIA procedure with a key function of early warning system and screening. The aim of this paper is to present the Italian experience in the first three years of the application of the new approach, proposing recommendations on specific case studies. Conclusion and future perspective. 80% of enterprises, that applied HIA, have delivered a robust, integrated and detailed documentation in relation to the ecotoxicological assessment, this positive feedback will generate environmental and human health benefits to the areas where the plants are established.","PeriodicalId":8246,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"59 1","pages":"51-55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9567941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploratory study on the endogenous ouabain in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension patients. 内源性瓦阿因治疗特发性肺动脉高压的探索性研究。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_23_01_11

Valerio Manfrini, Roberto Badagliacca, Elisabetta Messaggio, Roberto Poscia, Roberto Torre, Paolo Manunta, Carmine Dario Vizza

{"title":"Exploratory study on the endogenous ouabain in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension patients.","authors":"Valerio Manfrini, Roberto Badagliacca, Elisabetta Messaggio, Roberto Poscia, Roberto Torre, Paolo Manunta, Carmine Dario Vizza","doi":"10.4415/ANN_23_01_11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_23_01_11","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Endogenous ouabain (EO) is a steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal glands associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, EO plays other roles as brain protection against traumatic injury and seems involved in the adaptive response to hypoxia. Recently, we detected, for the first time, EO in a healthy human group of acute hypoxia and diving animals.Methods: This study complements the above as we considered a human model of chronic hypoxia. The aim is to detect EO in five idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension patients.Results and discussion: We found that these patients had higher plasma concentrations of EO than control subjects. In addition, EO plasma concentrations were negatively correlated with the mean pulmonary arterial pressure and total pulmonary vascular resistance. The results could suggest that high concentrations of EO are predictive of better adaptation of the right ventricular afterload.Conclusion: Although the results are preliminary, they can represent a helpful hint for future investigations for possible therapeutic and diagnostic approaches.","PeriodicalId":8246,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"59 1","pages":"76-79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9198171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The new Italian National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG) and its commitment to endorse a new efficient National Immunization Plan in COVID-19 times. 新成立的意大利国家免疫技术咨询小组(NITAG)及其承诺在2019冠状病毒病时期批准一项新的高效国家免疫计划。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_23_01_04

Andrea Silenzi, Andrea Siddu, Anna Carole D'Amelio, Sarah Cataldi, Camilla Fasano, Francesco Maraglino, Giovanni Rezza, Carlo Signorelli

{"title":"The new Italian National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG) and its commitment to endorse a new efficient National Immunization Plan in COVID-19 times.","authors":"Andrea Silenzi, Andrea Siddu, Anna Carole D'Amelio, Sarah Cataldi, Camilla Fasano, Francesco Maraglino, Giovanni Rezza, Carlo Signorelli","doi":"10.4415/ANN_23_01_04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_23_01_04","url":null,"abstract":"Among the objectives of the WHO Global Vaccination Action Plan 2020-2025, there is the establishment, in all countries, of a National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG), an independent body with the aim of supporting and harmonising vaccination policies. Italy firstly established a NITAG in 2017; it contributed to the nation's immunization policies but fell short of its goal of becoming a true reference group. The newly appointed NITAG, made up of 28 independent experts, has the ambitious goal to promote the new National Immunization Prevention Plan (PNPV), to harmonise the current vaccination schedule with the anti-COVID-19 campaign, and to recover the vaccination coverage decline that occurred during the pandemic. The contact with the ECDC EU/EEA, the WHO Global NITAG networks, and all the national stakeholders needs to be reinforced in order to accomplish these aims. This paper describes the structure, organisation, and strategy of the new Italian NITAG.","PeriodicalId":8246,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"59 1","pages":"26-30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9333153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Compassionate drug uses in Italy. Analysis of regional and local diffusion. 意大利的人道用药。区域和局部扩散分析。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_23_01_07

Daniela Pilunni, Pierluigi Navarra

{"title":"Compassionate drug uses in Italy. Analysis of regional and local diffusion.","authors":"Daniela Pilunni, Pierluigi Navarra","doi":"10.4415/ANN_23_01_07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_23_01_07","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Compassionate drugs are provided to patients with a specific disease and no further treatment option, most frequently via Early (or Expanded) Access Programs. In Italy, it often occurs that compassionate uses concern medicines whose price has not been negotiated yet (and therefore unavailable on the market), although their use has been approved in Europe. Thus, compassionate drug uses turn out to be a way to expedite the access to new innovative drugs with demonstrated efficacy. This study aims to investigate how widespread is the use of compassionate drugs throughout the Country.Methods: We analyzed data from 20 early access programs implemented by 2 pharmaceutical companies in the last few years. Data were analyzed by the number of patients and centers in each Region and province, and a correlation was established between patients and centers in each Region and the resident population. A further analysis was carried out with the same criteria on the subpopulation of oncology patients, including more than 80% of total study population.Results: In our sample, 7529 patients received compassionate drug treatments in 348 centers throughout Italy. A significant correlation exists between the resident population in each Region and the number of requesting centers (r2=0.877) and patients treated (r2=0.844) in the Region. Taking the value of the linear regression slope as the expected one, certain Regions show a better \"performance\", in terms of more patients treated than expected, namely Umbria, Emilia-Romagna, Lazio, Lombardy, Tuscany, Liguria and Friuli Venezia-Giulia.Conclusions: In this study we showed that the use of compassionate drugs in Italy is diffused in a manner closely related to the population of each Region. A number of Regions - mostly but not exclusively from the South and Island areas - show a performance below the expectations, in terms of patients treated.","PeriodicalId":8246,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"59 1","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9669923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Should I give kids money? The role of pocket money on at-risk behaviors in Italian adolescents. 我应该给孩子钱吗?零用钱在意大利青少年危险行为中的作用。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4415/ANN_23_01_06

Edoardo Lozza, Carlotta M Jarach, Giulia Sesini, Elena Marta, Alessandra Lugo, Eugenio Santoro, Silvano Gallus

{"title":"Should I give kids money? The role of pocket money on at-risk behaviors in Italian adolescents.","authors":"Edoardo Lozza, Carlotta M Jarach, Giulia Sesini, Elena Marta, Alessandra Lugo, Eugenio Santoro, Silvano Gallus","doi":"10.4415/ANN_23_01_06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_23_01_06","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Discussion on the impact of pocket money on positive behaviors is still debated.Objective: To investigate the effect of diverse money allowance schemes on risky behaviors (smoking, alcohol, binge drinking, drug use, gambling) during adolescence.Method: 989 students aged 15 from Lombardy (Italy) reported information on money availability in the 2018 wave of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study. To analyze the relationship between money availability and risky behaviors we computed odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals through unconditional multiple logistic regression models.Results: Spending more than 10€ weekly was associated with higher likelihood to smoke, binge drink or gamble. Receiving pocket money (rather than receiving money upon request) was related to higher likelihood to engage in risky behaviors.Conclusions: Pocket money may have a negative impact on adolescents, particularly with a substantial amount of money. More research is needed to understand why providing money only if needed may serve as a protective factor against risky behaviors.","PeriodicalId":8246,"journal":{"name":"Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita","volume":"59 1","pages":"37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9567943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0