Annals of translational medicine最新文献

{"title":"Daily oral ibandronate with adjuvant endocrine therapy in postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: editorial commentary.","authors":"Robert Coleman","doi":"10.21037/atm-2023-3","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-2023-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":" ","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49016032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating tumour DNA analysis for early detection of lung cancer: a systematic review.","authors":"W K Jacky Lam, Jinyue Bai, Mary-Jane L Ma, Y T Tommy Cheung, Peiyong Jiang","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-1572","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-1572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis has been applied in cancer diagnostics including lung cancer. Specifically for the early detection purpose, various modalities of ctDNA analysis have demonstrated their potentials. Such analyses have showed diverse performance across different studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a systematic review of original studies published before 1 January 2023. Studies that evaluated ctDNA alone and in combination with other biomarkers for early detection of lung cancer were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The systematic review analysis included 56 original studies that were aimed for early detection of lung cancer. There were 39 studies for lung cancer only and 17 for pan-cancer early detection. Cancer and control cases included were heterogenous across studies. Different molecular features of ctDNA have been evaluated, including 7 studies on cell-free DNA concentration, 17 on mutation, 29 on methylation, 5 on hydroxymethylation and 8 on fragmentation patterns. Among these 56 studies, 17 have utilised different combinations of the above-mentioned ctDNA features and/or circulation protein markers. For all the modalities, lower sensitivities were reported for the detection of early-stage cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The systematic review suggested the clinical utility of ctDNA analysis for early detection of lung cancer, alone or in combination with other biomarkers. Future validation with standardised testing protocols would help integration into clinical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eliminating residual neuromuscular blockade: a literature review.","authors":"Mogen Frenkel, Cynthia A Lien","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-1743","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-1743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Although millions of patients receive neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) each year as part of an anesthetic, residual neuromuscular blockade (NMB) remains a too-frequent occurrence and its adverse consequences continue to negatively impact patient outcomes. The goal of this manuscript is to provide clinicians with the information they need to decrease the incidence of residual NMB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Published literature was reviewed and incorporated into the narrative as appropriate. Search terms for articles included nondepolarizing NMBAs, residual NMB, monitoring depth of NMB, qualitative monitoring, quantitative monitoring, reversal agents, sugammadex, and anticholinesterases.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>This review will define what is currently considered adequate recovery of neuromuscular function, discuss and compare the different modalities to determine the depth of NMB, discuss the currently available NMBAs-including their durations of action and dosing, describe the incidence and complications associated with residual NMB, and discuss reversal of nondepolarizing NMB with neostigmine or sugammadex. Nondepolarizing NMBAs are commonly used as part of a general anesthetic. Understanding the pharmacology of the neuromuscular blocking and reversal agent, in combination with quantitative monitoring of depth of NMB is essential to avoid residual paralysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Quantitative monitoring and dosing of either neostigmine or sugammadex based on the results of monitoring is essential to eliminate residual NMB associated with the use of nondepolarizing NMBAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to factors associated with 30-day mortality after perioperative cardiac arrest in adults undergoing non-cardiac surgery: a seven-year observational study from Siriraj Hospital.","authors":"","doi":"10.21037/atm-2024-3","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-2024-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm-23-762.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive functional MRI techniques for early detection of kidney injury in chronic kidney disease: a positive step forward.","authors":"Sylvain Bodard, Francois H Cornelis","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-1788","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-1788","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COSMIC-312, a disappointing result-is that so surprising?","authors":"Xavier Adhoute, Marc Bourlière, Rodolphe Anty","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-421","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-421","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":" ","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44098089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of the total ankle replacement in the modern era: a narrative review.","authors":"Isabel Shaffrey, Jensen Henry, Constantine Demetracopoulos","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-1569","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-1569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Total ankle replacement has become an increasingly popular surgical procedure for treatment of end-stage ankle arthritis. Though ankle arthrodesis has historically been considered the gold standard treatment, advancements in implant design, functional outcomes, and survivorship have made total ankle replacement a compelling alternative. Particularly, in the past 20 years, total ankle replacement has undergone tremendous innovation, and the field of research in this procedure continues to grow. In this review, we aim to summarize the history, evolution, advancements, and future directions of total ankle replacement as described through implant design, indications, surgical procedures, complications, and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature searches were conducted in PubMed to identify relevant articles published prior to March 2023 using the following keywords: \"total ankle replacement\", \"total ankle arthroplasty\", and \"total ankle\".</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Total ankle replacement has demonstrated significant improvements in surgical technique, implant design, survivorship, and clinical and functional outcomes in the modern era. The procedure reports high patient satisfaction, low complication rates, and improved functional abilities that challenge the current gold standard treatment for ankle arthritis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Though there are areas of improvement for total ankle replacement, the procedure demonstrates promising outcomes for patients with end-stage ankle arthritis to improve pain and functional abilities. Research studies continue to explore various the facets of total ankle replacement, including outcomes, risk factors, novel techniques and modalities, and complications, to direct future innovation and to optimize patient results.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current trends in digital replantation-a narrative review.","authors":"Min Kai Chang, Jin Xi Lim, Sandeep Jacob Sebastin","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-1515","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-1515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Digital replantation for traumatic amputation has become the standard of care with advances in microsurgical techniques and technology. While digital replantation has progressed significantly, there are still gaps in knowledge in many aspects. Some of the controversial topics in digital replantation include the indications and contraindications, anesthesia, number of vessel anastomoses, mechanism of injury, role of vein graft, distal fingertip replantation, and postoperative management. This article is a narrative review that discusses these controversies and current issues pertaining to digital replantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science, and Google scholar were searched using keywords relating to \"digit replantation\", \"amputation\", and \"digital replant\" with the following terms: \"indications\", \"contraindications\", \"anaesthesia\", \"survival\", \"vessels\", \"mechanism of injury\", \"vein graft\", \"outcome\", and \"thrombophylaxis\". Relevant articles pertaining to digital replantation and deemed by the authors as current or controversial were included.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>The reported survival rates of digital replantation are high. With the advancement of microsurgical techniques and technology, the boundaries of digital replantation continue to be pushed. Various methods have been described recently to improve the success rates of difficult replants, such as strategies for venous outflow and vein grafting. However, there are still aspects of digital replantation that remain unanswered, such as the number of veins to anastomose and the thromboprophylaxis regime.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The review delves into controversial aspects of digital replantation, including contraindications, anesthesia, and postoperative management. Indications and contraindications will continue to evolve alongside advancements in microsurgical techniques and anesthesia. It highlights key factors influencing survival rates, such as the number of repaired vessels and the mechanism of injury. Finally, the review consolidates strategies for managing challenging digital replantations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innervated breast reconstruction: a narrative review of neurotization techniques and outcomes.","authors":"Joseph M Escandón, Jessica Mroueh, Christopher M Reid, Devinder Singh, Keith Sweitzer, Pedro Ciudad, Rahim Nazerali, Antonio J Forte, Oscar J Manrique","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-504","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>While significant sensation recovery improvements in neurotized breasts following reconstruction have been reported, sensation testing methods and surgical techniques have been widely variable. This narrative review aims to summarize available literature on current neurotization practices and sensory recovery outcomes in patients undergoing innervated breast reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search of PubMed Medline, Web of Science, and Embase was conducted to identify all studies reporting outcomes of neurotization in breast reconstruction surgeries. Data analyzed included operative times, neurotization techniques, sensory outcomes, and methods as well as patient reported outcomes.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Despite the heterogeneity of various studies reviewed, all forms of neurotization achieved earlier and superior sensory recovery throughout the reconstructed breast skin compared to non-innervated breasts. In absence of randomized controlled trials or high-quality comparative studies, further evidence is required to objectively confirm this technique offers better sensory recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neurotization at the time of breast reconstruction may lead to improved sensation and patient reported outcomes delineating improved quality of life compared to non-innervated breasts. Future studies need to standardize the way that breast sensation is measured and determine pre-operative variables leading to expected changes in final sensation recovery to help manage surgical outcome expectations of both the surgeon and the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple sclerosis: the NLRP3 inflammasome, gasdermin D, and therapeutics.","authors":"Amie Brint, Seth Greene, Alyssa R Fennig-Victor, Shanzhi Wang","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-1960","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-1960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) stands as a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by its neurodegenerative impacts on the central nervous system. The complexity of MS and the significant challenges it poses to patients have made the exploration of effective treatments a crucial area of research. Among the various mechanisms under investigation, the role of inflammation in MS progression is of particular interest. Inflammatory responses within the body are regulated by various cellular mechanisms, one of which involves the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-, leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-, and pyrin domains (PYD)-containing protein 3 (NLRP3). NLRP3 acts as a sensor within cells, playing a pivotal role in controlling the inflammatory response. Its activation is a critical step leading to the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex, a process that has profound implications for inflammatory diseases like MS. The NLRP3 inflammasome's activation is intricately linked to the subsequent activation of caspase 1 and gasdermin D (GsdmD), signaling pathways that are central to the inflammatory process. GsdmD, a prominent member of the Gasdermin protein family, is particularly noteworthy for its role in pyroptotic cell death, a form of programmed cell death that is distinct from apoptosis and is characterized by its inflammatory nature. This pathway's activation contributes significantly to the pathology of MS by exacerbating inflammatory responses within the nervous system. Given the detrimental effects of unregulated inflammation in MS, therapeutics targeting these inflammatory processes offer a promising avenue for alleviating the symptoms experienced by patients. This review delves into the intricacies of the pyroptotic pathways, highlighting how the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome induces such pathways and the potential intervention points for therapeutic agents. By inhibiting key steps within these pathways, it is possible to mitigate the inflammatory response, thereby offering relief to those suffering from MS. Understanding these mechanisms not only sheds light on the pathophysiology of MS but also paves the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling the disease's progression through the modulation of the body's inflammatory response.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}