Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry最新文献

{"title":"Sensitive determination of neodymium isotope in seawater by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with ultrasound nebulization-dielectric barrier discharge vapor generation as sample introduction†","authors":"Dongyong Li, Guanghao Cui, Shanshan Chen, Yifan Qiao, Qian Liu, Jing Zhang and Qian He","doi":"10.1039/D4JA00106K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4JA00106K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this work, a highly sensitive Nd isotopic analysis method by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) with ultrasound nebulization-dielectric barrier discharge (UNDBD) vapor generation as sample introduction is developed. The sensitivities of Nd isotopes determined by UNDBD are enhanced about 4.5 fold and 1.5 fold compared to conventional wet plasma and dry plasma, respectively, attributed to the generation of volatile Nd species during the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) induced vapor generation process. Fractionation of Nd isotopes in UNDBD exhibits a mass-dependent characteristic, enabling successful correction of the <small>¹⁴³</small>Nd/<small>¹⁴⁴</small>Nd ratio using the <small>¹⁴⁶</small>Nd/<small>¹⁴⁴</small>Nd ratio with an exponential law. The minimum Nd concentration and volume required per analysis by UNDBD-MC-ICP-MS can be as low as 0.5 μg L<small>⁻¹</small> and 600 μL, thereby minimizing the sampling volume for Nd isotopic analysis in open seawater to 0.7 L. Interferences from residual major ions in seawater, present at mg L<small>⁻¹</small> level after pretreatment, are found to be negligible for Nd isotopic analysis by UNDBD-MC-ICP-MS. The long-term external precision (2RSD) for <small>¹⁴³</small>Nd/<small>¹⁴⁴</small>Nd with 1 μg L<small>⁻¹</small> of Nd using this method is calculated as 64 ppm. The accuracy of <small>¹⁴³</small>Nd/<small>¹⁴⁴</small>Nd determined by this method has been successfully validated by Nd isotopic standard solutions of GSB 04-3258-2015 and GBW04440. The Nd isotopic ratios determined in several seawater samples by UNDBD are in agreement with results obtained by the dry plasma method. UNDBD demonstrates both higher sensitivity and precision for Nd isotopic analysis compared to wet plasma and dry plasma sample introduction methods, making it more suitable for analyzing open seawater samples with low Nd concentrations and less sampling volume.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 10","pages":" 2395-2401"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three new potential sulfur reference materials (pyrite, gypsum, and arsenopyrite) for in situ sulfur isotope analysis by laser ablation MC-ICP-MS","authors":"Deyi Peng, Zhian Bao, Kaiyun Chen, Nan Lv, Xiaojuan Nie, Jing Tian and Honglin Yuan","doi":"10.1039/D4JA00200H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4JA00200H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Sulfur isotopes serve as critical tracers for understanding the material sources and cycling in earth science. The <em>in situ</em> sulfur isotope ratio analysis by laser ablation multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) has been a proven important technique, yet the precision and accuracy of measurement are limited by matrix-matched reference materials. In this study, we investigated three new potential reference materials (pyrite NWU-Py, gypsum NWU-Gy and arsenopyrite NWU-Apy) for sulfur isotope ratio analysis by LA-MC-ICP-MS. The ultra-fine powders of pyrite, gypsum and arsenopyrite were synthesized into a solid block using the fast-hot-pressing sintering method (FHP). The reliability of these reference materials was evaluated by large quantities of sulfur isotope measurements by LA-MC-ICP-MS, with mean <em>δ</em><small>³⁴</small>S values of 3.48 ± 0.26‰ (2SD, <em>n</em> = 787) for NWU-Py, 18.19 ± 0.32‰ (2SD, <em>n</em> = 290) for NWU-Gy, and −0.19 ± 0.32‰ (2SD, <em>n</em> = 383) for NWU-Apy, which are highly consistent with those obtained from isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Furthermore, the <em>F</em>-testing and H-index indicate that the three materials have excellent homogeneity of sulfur isotope compositions. Therefore, NWU-Py, NWU-Gy, and NWU-Apy can serve as bracketing matrix-matched reference materials for <em>in situ</em> sulfur isotope measurement by LA-MC-ICP-MS.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 9","pages":" 2235-2244"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141739130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of signal enhancement in nanoparticle enhanced molecular LIBS of graphite","authors":"Swetapuspa Soumyashree and Prashant Kumar","doi":"10.1039/D4JA00089G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4JA00089G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In the present study, we have investigated the time evolution of molecular LIBS (MLIBS) and nanoparticle enhanced molecular LIBS (NEMLIBS) of graphite samples using 10 nm gold nanoparticles for delays up to 100 μs. A systematic study of signal enhancement observed in the CN violet band (<em>B</em><small>²</small>Σ<small>⁺</small> → <em>X</em><small>²</small>Σ<small>⁺</small>) and C<small>₂</small> Swan band (<em>d</em><small>³</small>Π<small>_g</small> → <em>a</em><small>³</small>Π<small>_u</small>) was carried out. For acquisition delays of a few μs to tens μs, we have observed typically 1–2 orders of optical signal enhancement in these molecular bands of the graphite target using Au NPs. We have studied the mechanism of signal enhancement in the context of lifetime and plasma parameters <em>viz.</em>, rotational and vibrational temperature of molecular bands as well as electron number density. The relative enhancement observed in C<small>₂</small> and CN bands, which are produced through different routes/mechanisms, has been explained through our analysis. The enhancements observed in NEMLIBS at higher delays are due to the increase of atomic species in the plasma which are antecedent of the molecules formed. This is evident through higher electron number density and slightly lower vibrational temperature in the case of NEMLIBS as observed in our analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 9","pages":" 2270-2277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141739131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel method for extracting potassium (K) from K-poor and sodium-rich samples for high-precision stable K isotope analysis†","authors":"Xin-Yuan Zheng","doi":"10.1039/D4JA00168K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4JA00168K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Reconstruction of stable potassium isotope composition (<small>⁴¹</small>K/<small>³⁹</small>K) in ancient seawater has significant implications for our understanding of the fundamental controls on the long-term stability of Earth's climate and ocean chemistry, but the relevant research is hampered by scarce preservation of seawater K in geological records. Marine halite (NaCl) samples are potentially valuable archives of seawater K isotope signatures because they often contain abundant fluid inclusions directly sourced from evaporated ancient seawater. However, the extremely high Na matrix relative to low K concentrations in halite presents a formidable challenge for K isotope analysis. This study reports a novel and efficient K extraction method that can separate K from a high Na matrix by precipitating K as a sparsely soluble salt using sodium tetraphenylborate (TPB). Development of this method was based on an in-depth understanding of the TPB precipitation reaction and solubility equilibrium of relevant TPB salts. Key parameters, including reaction time, precipitate recovery and rinse, and further K purification for isotope analysis, have been optimized through extensive laboratory experiments. It is demonstrated that this new method can extract small quantities of K down to 20 μg from a large quantity of the NaCl matrix up to 1 gram. In addition, preliminary results show that this new extraction method can be also applied to prepare carbonate samples, which represent another important type of sample pertinent to K isotope research, notoriously difficult to analyze due to their low K concentrations and high Ca matrices. For the first time, this study demonstrates the utility of TPB chemistry in preparing challenging K-poor, matrix-rich samples for high-precision stable K isotope analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 9","pages":" 2245-2257"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141718886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cadmium isotopes analysis of environmental samples with high organic matter by dry ashing method under wet plasma conditions†","authors":"Xian Wu, Zeyu Wang, Guangyi Sun, Yu Lin, Xuewu Fu, Yang Tang and Xinbin Feng","doi":"10.1039/D4JA00083H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4JA00083H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Isotope data of key pollutants are needed for source apportionment analysis in natural ecosystems. Isotope data for cadmium (Cd), a rare and dispersed but toxic element, are very limited mainly due to its low contents in the natural environment. In this study, for samples with low Cd content but high organic matter content, a dry ashing pre-treatment method was proposed to effectively enrich Cd to meet the requirements of its isotope analysis (Cd content &gt; 20 ng). This method was applied to soils, sediments, biological tissues, and coal, with a maximum digestion weight of 1.67 g or more. With the assistance of quartz microfiber filter membranes during dry ashing, good Cd recovery (91.6–108.0%) and significant removal of organic matter were achieved. Mass bias was corrected by combining the silver external standard (Ag-doping) method with the sample-standard-bracketing (SSB) method, and Cd isotope measurements were performed under wet plasma conditions (with an accuracy of 0.060‰). Cd isotopic compositions obtained by the dry ashing method were compared with those obtained by the high-pressure bomb digestion method, and the differences ranged from −0.056 to 0.076‰, indicating that the dry ashing with wrapped membranes method did not cause any fractionation of Cd during the sample pre-treatment process. Meanwhile, the tolerance of tin (Sn) and zinc (Zn) elements provided a significant advantage under wet plasma conditions over dry plasma conditions without reducing the tolerance of molybdenum (Mo) and zirconium (Zr). The method developed in this study should enhance the application of Cd isotopes in investigating Cd cycling in primary ecosystems and organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 9","pages":" 2298-2308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141719001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outstanding Reviewers for Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry in 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1039/D4JA90033B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4JA90033B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We would like to take this opportunity to thank all of <em>Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry</em>reviewers for helping to preserve quality and integrity in the chemical science literature. We would also like to highlight our Outstanding Reviewers for <em>Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry</em> in 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 1960-1960"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141609825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Label free, machine learning informed plasma-based elemental biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease†","authors":"Ali Safi, Noureddine Melikechi, Kemal Efe Eseller, Richard M. Gaschnig and Weiming Xia","doi":"10.1039/D4JA00090K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4JA00090K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), we have measured the elemental concentrations of Na, Fe, Cu, P, Mg, Zn, K in plasma samples of 25 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and 34 healthy individuals. Given the multidimensional nature of the ICP-MS data, we used support vector machines and logistic regression to illustrate the elemental distribution of each donor and seek key features that may differentiate plasma samples of AD patients from those of healthy individuals. We found that ratios of the elemental concentrations of Na over K, Fe over Na, and P over Zn yield specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of 79%, 84% and 81% respectively. This information was then used to seek from the mass spectrometric data a differentiation of the plasma samples from AD and healthy donors. Plotted as a function of the Na/K, Fe/Na, and P/Zn, the ICP-MS data reveals a linear delineation between the two groups of samples yielding to the correct classification 21 of 25 AD and 28 of 34 HC plasma samples. These findings highlight the importance of elemental ratios present in plasma and suggest that the ratios of the elemental concentrations of blood metals may be considered as biomarkers that can distinguish plasma samples of AD patients from healthy subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 1961-1970"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/ja/d4ja00090k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141609917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A potential natural chalcopyrite reference material for in situ copper, iron, and sulfur isotope measurements†","authors":"Lie-Wen Xie, Hong-Rui Fan, Hui-Min Yu, Chao Huang, Lei Xu, Yue-Heng Yang, Shi-Tou Wu and Hao Wang","doi":"10.1039/D4JA00147H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4JA00147H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Chalcopyrite has been extensively utilized for tracing geological processes through its Cu, Fe and S isotopic compositions. However, the matrix-matched reference materials for micro-analysis are lacking. This study focused on assessing the feasibility of a natural chalcopyrite specimen (IGGCcp-1) as a matrix-matched reference material for <em>in situ</em> micro-analysis of Cu, Fe, and S isotopes. Electron probe microanalysis validated the uniform distribution of major elements within chalcopyrite grains, with no evidence of growth zoning. Random spot isotopic measurements using LA-MC-ICP-MS demonstrated remarkable consistency in <em>δ</em><small>⁶⁵</small>Cu, <em>δ</em><small>⁵⁶</small>Fe and <em>δ</em><small>³⁴</small>S. These results indicated that the IGGCcp-1 specimen exhibited its suitability as a reference material. Using SN-MC-ICP-MS technique, the <em>δ</em><small>⁶⁵</small>Cu value was accurately determined to be 0.43 ± 0.05‰ (2S, <em>N</em> = 30). Furthermore, the <em>δ</em><small>⁵⁶</small>Fe<small>_IRMM-014</small> and <em>δ</em><small>⁵⁷</small>Fe<small>_IRMM-014</small> values were recorded as −0.24 ± 0.04‰ (2S, <em>N</em> = 18) and −0.36 ± 0.09‰ (2S, <em>N</em> = 18), respectively. Additionally, the <em>δ</em><small>³⁴</small>S<small>_VCDT</small> measurement, performed with EA-IRMS, yielded a value of −0.28 ± 0.60‰ (2S, <em>N</em> = 10). These precisely measured isotope ratios established the recommended reference values for the IGGCcp-1 sample in future applications of Cu, Fe, and S isotope micro-analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 9","pages":" 2207-2219"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141609889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-sensitive determination of mercury in flue gas by atmospheric pressure glow discharge atomic emission spectrometry coupled with gold amalgam enrichment","authors":"Meng Gao, Rong Rong, Zhaoqing Cai and Zheng Wang","doi":"10.1039/D4JA00165F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4JA00165F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this work, a highly sensitive procedure for the determination of mercury in flue gas was developed, based on direct-current atmospheric pressure glow discharge in hydrogen and helium (H<small>₂</small>–He) atomic emission spectroscopy (APGD-AES) coupled with gold amalgam enrichment (GA). Calibration mercury vapors generated by the cold vapor generation (CVG) system were sent to the GA system for enrichment. Subsequently, mercury was thermally desorbed and transmitted to APGD for excitation, and at the same time, the signal at 253.6 nm was recorded using a micro-spectrometer. The parameters of GA and APGD systems were optimized, including the type and flow rate of the carrier gas, discharge current and discharge gap. Under the optimum operating conditions, when the sampling volume of the flue gas was 10 L, the detection limit (DL) of Hg was 0.1 μg m<small>⁻³</small>, which met the actual measurement requirements, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 2% (<em>n</em> = 11), the linear correlation coefficient was better than 0.999. The accuracy and practicality of GA-APGD-AES were verified by the analysis of flue gas. The results were consistent with those of a direct mercury analysis (DMA) system (<em>n</em> = 3, relative deviation was less than 3%).</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 9","pages":" 2230-2234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141568937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-channel dilution analysis†","authors":"Willis B. Jones, Robbie M. Huff, Adam L. Richardson, Taylor Dessoffy, Sophie M. Lewis, Alexandria Eddy, Abigail J. Crossman and Bradley T. Jones","doi":"10.1039/D4JA00112E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4JA00112E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Multi-channel dilution analysis (MCDA) is a new calibration method that performs multiple dilutions of a standard solution as it makes its way from an autosampler to an analytical instrument. MCDA is based on the standard dilution analysis (SDA) method that combines the traditional standard additions and internal standardization calibration methods, correcting for both matrix interferences and fluctuations in signal levels associated with variations in the sample environment. Analysts operate the instrument in the normal manner, as all dilutions are performed automatically by splitting the sample stream entering the instrument into multiple channels of different tubing diameters and lengths. This setup results in a signal “stairstep” as portions of solution are measured at different points in time. A calibration curve is prepared from the plateau regions of the signal stairstep. MCDA has been exhibited using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, which is a workhorse for the determination of trace metals in solution. However, MCDA is applicable for any analyte of interest in any sample type, as long as the selected measurement technique accepts samples as a flowing liquid stream. MCDA is applied to the analysis of three certified reference materials by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Percent recoveries for a suite of analytes range from 87–106%, with relative standard deviations on the order of 1%. MCDA simplifies the analysis process, increasing sample throughput by significantly decreasing the time required for solution preparation.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 9","pages":" 2220-2229"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}