{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.331","url":null,"abstract":"The phylum Arthropoda contains over 85% of the Earth's known animal species and is divided into five major classes: (1) the Insecta, the largest and most varied group; (2) the Crustacea, comprised of lobsters, crabs, shrimps and crayfish; (3) the Diplopoda or millipedes; (4) the Chilopoda or centipedes; (5) the Arachnida, which includes spiders, ticks, mites and scorpions","PeriodicalId":81742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of wilderness medicine","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 331-337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.331","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137440365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ciguatera: effective control of a growing health problem","authors":"Robert E. Bowen PhD, Morris E. Potter DVM","doi":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.237","DOIUrl":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of wilderness medicine","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 237-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.237","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67122121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James R. Warpinski MD , Jeffrey Folgert BS , Martin Voss MD , Robert K. Bush MD
{"title":"Fish surface mucin hypersensitivity","authors":"James R. Warpinski MD , Jeffrey Folgert BS , Martin Voss MD , Robert K. Bush MD","doi":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.261","DOIUrl":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Most reports of allergy to fish describe systemic symptoms upon ingestion of fish muscle or contact urticaria in commercial fish handlers. We report three recreational fishermen with symptoms of asthma, angioedema, rhinitis and urticaria upon exposure to surface mucin from bluegills <em>(Lepomis machrochirus)</em>. All three had symptoms upon handling bluegills. Subsequently, two of them experienced wheezing and/or angioedema while in proximity to contaminated fishing clothing. One of them later developed symptoms upon eating bluegills. Prick skin testing was positive to crude bluegill surface mucin in all three individuals and to bluegill and cod muscle in one.</p><p>Bluegill surface mucin was defatted in ether and acetone and extracted in phosphate buffered saline. Sodium dodecyl-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) showed at least 20 distinct protein bands by Coomassie Blue staining. Many of these were glycoproteins by periodic acid schiff (PAS) staining. Immunoblotting showed at least seven IgE binding protein bands with molecular weights between 10 and 100 kDa.</p><p>Radioallergosorbent (RAST) assay using a bluegill surface-mucin solid phase demonstrated that serum IgE binding in the three individuals was 4–25 times that of pooled serum from nonatopic controls. IgE binding using a serum pool from the three allergic patients was inhibited by extracts of bluegill mucin and muscle and cod muscle but not by tuna, crab or peanut.</p><p>Our results demonstrate that bluegill surface mucin contains specific glycoproteins which bind IgE in sensitive individuals. Hypersensitivity to these surface proteins may cause systemic allergic symptoms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":81742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of wilderness medicine","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 261-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67122237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Catfish stings in the United States: case report and review","authors":"Donald M. Mckinstry PhD","doi":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.293","DOIUrl":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One report of a catfish sting is presented and 30 additional reports from the English language literature are reviewed. All of the reports involve catfish native to the United States. Freshwater catfish appeared implicated in 14 of the reports, madtom catfish in seven and saltwater catfish in ten. Pain and inflammation attributable to mechanical trauma and envenomation commonly occurred. A portion of the stinging apparatus became embedded in seven cases. Complications included infection, nerve and tendon damage, dry gangrene and possible anaphylaxis. One patient with predisposing disease died after developing a severe infection. Treatment of catfish stings includes control of pain, removal of foreign material and the use of antibiotics. Comparative studies on the toxins and normal flora of native catfish could provide more precise guidelines for treatment of stings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":81742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of wilderness medicine","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 293-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67122055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The first ascent of Mount Everest, 1953: the solution of the problem of the ‘last thousand feet’","authors":"Michael Ward","doi":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.312","DOIUrl":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pugh's pioneering work at high altitude on Cho Oyu in 1952 dictated the framework for the first ascent of Everest in 1953. He demonstrated that a flow rate of 4 litres of oxygen per minute in the open circuit sets was necessary to provide a boost to performance sufficient to climb Everest from a high camp, at 8600 m, with a safe return to the South Col (8000 m) in one day.</p><p>Sleeping oxygen mitigated high altitude deterioration, as did Pugh's insistence on a very high fluid intake to combat dehydration. Together with adequate protection from the cold, which was less severe than predicted, these strategies resulted in all climbers who went above 8000 m being in good physical and mental condition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":81742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of wilderness medicine","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 312-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.312","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67122144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acute mountain sickness in local pilgrims to a high altitude lake (4154 m) in Nepal","authors":"Buddha Basnyat MD","doi":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.286","DOIUrl":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is a significant collection of literature on acute mountain sickness (AMS) in foreign trekkers to Nepal. However, reports on altitude sickness among native Nepalis besides Sherpas is almost non-existent. This is a preliminary study sponsored by the Himalayan Rescue Association of AMS among pilgrims to a holy lake (Gosaikunda) at 4154 m in Nepal. The study was done using a standard AMS questionnaire form. It revealed that out of 5163 pilgrims who came to the lake, 229 (4.4%) developed AMS. The severity of the illness correlated with the rapidity of ascent, but there was no difference in severity between men and women. Five pilgrims who were ataxic were put in the hyperbaric bag. Subjective improvement was noted in all five cases. This study of AMS among non-Sherpa pilgrims suggests that various Nepali ethnic groups may be just as vulnerable to AMS as are tourists.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":81742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of wilderness medicine","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 286-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.286","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67121983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oral rehydration after emergency treatment of severe dehydration due to diarrhea. Is an electrolyte/base-supplemented solution the only and best alternative?","authors":"Luis Huicho MD, Manuel Vargas MD","doi":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.342","DOIUrl":"10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.342","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of wilderness medicine","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 342-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1580/0953-9859-4.3.342","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67122398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}