Journal of political science最新文献

Exploring Fiscal Federalism and the Structure of Public Spending in Nigeria 探讨尼日利亚的财政联邦制和公共支出结构

Journal of political science Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.3126/jps.v24i1.62856

Andrew Aondohemba Chenge

{"title":"Exploring Fiscal Federalism and the Structure of Public Spending in Nigeria","authors":"Andrew Aondohemba Chenge","doi":"10.3126/jps.v24i1.62856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jps.v24i1.62856","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, there has been a noticeable shift towards fiscal decentralization during the last few decades. As a result, subnational levels of government now have more latitude for revenue generation and spending decisions. Nations all around the world are recognizing the benefits of fiscal decentralization. Fiscal federalism, as a component of fiscal decentralization, deals with the public sector's vertical organization. It examines the functions of the various governmental tiers and their interactions with one another through various fiscal mechanisms. The study aims to investigate the impact of Nigeria's fiscal federalism on public spending and the welfare of its citizens. The Wiseman-Peacock theory was adopted as the theoretical framework. The study was based on a documentary research design. Content analysis was used as a method for analyzing data. The derived findings revealed that Nigeria’s revenue-to-GDP ratio is among the lowest in the world. It also established that revenue shortages have created imbalances in government expenditure, i.e., recurrent above capital expenditure. The study recommends that addressing loopholes in the current tax legal framework, allocating spending more efficiently, and strengthening institutions are approaches to be applied to put Nigeria on a sustainable fiscal path.","PeriodicalId":81682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of political science","volume":"608 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expenditure Practices of Provincial and Local Governments: The Case of Nepal 省级和地方政府的支出实践：尼泊尔案例

Journal of political science Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.3126/jps.v24i1.62855

Kumar Bhattarai

{"title":"Expenditure Practices of Provincial and Local Governments: The Case of Nepal","authors":"Kumar Bhattarai","doi":"10.3126/jps.v24i1.62855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jps.v24i1.62855","url":null,"abstract":"Nepal promulgated a new constitution in 2015, which adopted a federal system of governance to achieve economic equality, prosperity and social justice. The constitution has allocated expenditure responsibilities to each level of government. In such a scenario, this study employs a descriptive approach to analyze the spending practices of Nepal’s provincial and local governments. Secondary sources of data were used to cover the period from 2018/19 to 2021/22. The study found that the average share of recurrent expenditure at the provincial level of Nepal was 42.5% while such share of capital expenditure was 57.5%. At the local level, the average share of recurrent and capital expenditure was 60.5% and 39.5% respectively. Within the capital expenditure of Nepal’s provincial governments, the average share of expenditure items having relatively more contribution to capital formation was 70.6% while that of local governments, such share was 52.9% only. The study also found that Nepal's provincial and local governments spend less on the major subnational service delivery areas. Nepal’s subnational government spending practices highlight the need to spend more on capital formation. Within the capital formation, more spending on the areas having a direct impact on their future growth and prosperity is necessary. The subnational governments must also spend more on major subnational service delivery areas.","PeriodicalId":81682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of political science","volume":"262 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Performance of Local Governments in Kaligandaki Rural Municipality of Syangja District, Nepal: An Assessment 尼泊尔 Syangja 县 Kaligandaki 农村市地方政府的绩效：评估

Journal of political science Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.3126/jps.v24i1.62852

Girdhari Dahal

{"title":"The Performance of Local Governments in Kaligandaki Rural Municipality of Syangja District, Nepal: An Assessment","authors":"Girdhari Dahal","doi":"10.3126/jps.v24i1.62852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jps.v24i1.62852","url":null,"abstract":"Since the establishment of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, the Constitution of Nepal 2015 has given the local governments a great deal of power and authority. Consequently, a lot of changes have been noticed in most of the local levels. The present study is about the performance level of local government of Kaligandaki Rural Municipality of Syangja District in Gandaki Province, Nepal. The main issues and objectives that encouraged this study are to identify the types of achievement the local government has made during its tenure from 2017 to 2022, and to explain how it has accomplished the performance. The government has carried out different development activities related to public goodness in the study area. The activities related to passing and enacting laws, and improving education, drinking water, health care, insurance, farming, roads, irrigation, job opportunities and people’s increased participation in decision-making level have been successfully implemented. The study demonstrates that the local leaders of this municipality have accomplished their tasks among the grassroots by encompassing inclusive development models. The findings of the study conclude that besides exercising democratic practice and democratic institutionalization, the local government has displays high level of performance regarding local development in this rural municipality, and this performance indicates the significance of empowering local levels in Nepal.","PeriodicalId":81682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of political science","volume":"307 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Political Leadership of Women in Nepal: A Critical Observation from the Local Elections 2022 尼泊尔妇女的政治领导力：从 2022 年地方选举中的批判性观察

Journal of political science Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.3126/jps.v24i1.62850

Mahendra Sapkota

引用次数: 0

The Politics of Faith: Religious Nationalism and Nepal's Democratic Landscape 信仰的政治：宗教民族主义与尼泊尔的民主格局

Journal of political science Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.3126/jps.v24i1.62854

Abinav Acharya

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Relationship between National Security Risks and Economic Factors: A Nepalese Perspective 探索国家安全风险与经济因素之间的关系：尼泊尔视角

Journal of political science Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.3126/jps.v24i1.62853

Lila Dhar Adhikari

{"title":"Exploring the Relationship between National Security Risks and Economic Factors: A Nepalese Perspective","authors":"Lila Dhar Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/jps.v24i1.62853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jps.v24i1.62853","url":null,"abstract":"Macroeconomic variables have a significant impact on national security. This article examines the intricate association between macroeconomic variables and national security, emphasizing the bottomless effects of economic factors on individual vulnerability to national security risks. The evolution of conventional and unconventional power, encompassing both hard and soft power, has taken on a hybrid form central to national security considerations. In today’s globalized world, economic variables have become pivotal in shaping national security threats. Employing the Critical Political Economic Approach (CPE), the study focuses on Nepal as a case study to analyze the interplay between economic determinants and national security risks. The findings indicate that the expansion of trade, financial services, FDI, migration, and remittances both positively and negatively influences national security concerns, whereas growth in poverty and inequality, foreign aid and loans, crises, corruption, critical ICT infrastructures, and cyber risks heighten threats to Nepal's security. The study suggests that fostering strong economic conditions and positive trends can mitigate the likelihood of national security incidents.","PeriodicalId":81682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of political science","volume":"94 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global Power Shift and Nepal's Geopolitical Complexity 全球权力转移与尼泊尔地缘政治的复杂性

Journal of political science Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.3126/jps.v24i1.62865

Khadga K.C.

引用次数: 0

Beyond Borders: A Review of Diaspora and Female Immigrant Experience 超越国界：散居地与女性移民经历回顾

Journal of political science Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.3126/jps.v24i1.62861

N. Bhandari

{"title":"Beyond Borders: A Review of Diaspora and Female Immigrant Experience","authors":"N. Bhandari","doi":"10.3126/jps.v24i1.62861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jps.v24i1.62861","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews the conceptualization of the diaspora and the inclusion of female immigrants’ experiences in diaspora studies. It surveys the changing notion of diaspora with the inclusion of varied groups of immigrants, including females. Then, it examines the previous research about female immigrants’ experiences, particularly focusing on South Asian female immigrants. Over time, the conceptualization of the diaspora has evolved from a perspective focused on victimhood to a more socially constructed view of identity formation that transcends the binary distinction between home and host countries. This broader conceptualization of diaspora includes various forms of transborder migration and settlement, allowing for a more inclusive examination of the experiences of female immigrants. In the beginning, women immigrants were often equated with male immigrants. However, as time passed, scholars started linking gender concerns with additional factors like social class, nationality, and ethnicity. In this context, the research on the experience of South Asian female immigrants revolves around changing gender roles and family dynamics, including contradictory aspects of whether migration reinforces domination or provides autonomy to South Asian female immigrants.","PeriodicalId":81682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of political science","volume":"368 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shifting Trends in Regionalism 地区主义的变化趋势

Journal of political science Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.3126/jps.v24i1.62862

B. Baral

{"title":"Shifting Trends in Regionalism","authors":"B. Baral","doi":"10.3126/jps.v24i1.62862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jps.v24i1.62862","url":null,"abstract":"Regionalism is a movement that emerged after World War II. It involves countries that are geographically close and interdependent, collaborating with the help of governments and NGOs to achieve mutual benefits in a particular area of shared interest. Such regional clusters have evolved due to geographical proximity, economic interdependence, security issues, social and cultural background, and more. The end of the Cold War led to the rise of new regionalism shaped by factors such as globalization, the emergence of new players, shifts in global power dynamics, increased interdependence, alterations in security paradigms, the advent of multipolar, and various other influences. This shifting pattern has had a major impact on world politics and power dynamics. Traditional notions of security are evolving to encompass human security concerns, while economic collaboration and identity-based regionalism are gaining prominence. Asia's growing economic clout, new regional players' arrival, and smaller states' growing role are reshaping the global power landscape. Asymmetric positions and chequered history hinder the functioning of regionalism. In this context, the article seeks to analyze the changing dynamics of regionalism, the primary drivers of this shift, and its implications for global power dynamics. The article is presented from the perspectives of neo-realism, neo-liberalism, and constructivism in a descriptive, analytical, and exploratory format, where the necessary information is obtained from secondary qualitative data. ","PeriodicalId":81682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of political science","volume":"977 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EU-China Economic Relations in the Early 21st Century 21 世纪初的中欧经济关系

Journal of political science Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.3126/jps.v24i1.62858

Md. Sayedur Rahman, Md. Tahosan Habib

{"title":"EU-China Economic Relations in the Early 21st Century","authors":"Md. Sayedur Rahman, Md. Tahosan Habib","doi":"10.3126/jps.v24i1.62858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jps.v24i1.62858","url":null,"abstract":"The European Union (EU) and China are two of the most influential and complex economies globally. The current state of their relationship is marked by a growing trade deficit for the EU with China, along with increasing Chinese investments in Europe's energy, technology, and infrastructure sectors. The EU has expressed dissatisfaction with China's treatment of foreign investors, limited market access for European companies, and government subsidization of domestic companies. Additionally, the EU has raised concerns about China's human rights record and its policies in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and mainland China. The partnership is expected to remain a key focus for the EU's economic outlook as both sides balance economic potential with geopolitical and security considerations. This report aims to identify and explain the primary issues, key areas for improvement, and mutual interests between the EU and China, while also proposing potential solutions to enhance their economic and trade relations. Informative articles, relevant papers, textbooks, and other sources support the discussion. Although the analysis is subjective, a quantitative methodology is also employed. The discussion presents a common interface and provides recommendations for enhancing financial relations, increasing exchange, financial and security relations, participating in and benefiting from two-way engagement, and enhancing EU-China relations.","PeriodicalId":81682,"journal":{"name":"Journal of political science","volume":"626 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0