Archives of Disease in Childhood最新文献

{"title":"Assessment and follow-up of reproductive function in children with cancer.","authors":"Tarini Chetty, Sarah Kiff, Rod Thomas Mitchell","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-327379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2024-327379","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8150,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Falling enthusiasm for paediatrics in South Korea: it couldn't happen here. Could it?","authors":"Kay Tyerman, Emma M Dyer, Cathryn Chadwick, Jonathan C Darling, Michael McKean, Stephen W Turner","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-328293","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-328293","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8150,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood","volume":" ","pages":"584-585"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe accidental poisonings in children: a British Paediatric Surveillance Unit nationwide prospective study.","authors":"Charlotte King, Mark Anderson, Abhishek Agarwal, Apostolos Fakis, Christopher M Parry, Richard Michael Lynn, Daniel B Hawcutt, Elizabeth Sarah Starkey","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-328196","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-328196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poisoning in children and young people is common. Understanding the incidence, causes and circumstances of severe accidental poisonings, requiring admission and medical intervention, may help healthcare professionals and shape public health interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, population-based surveillance study using the British Paediatric Surveillance Unit (BPSU)'s active surveillance methodology (July 2018-July 2019) in the UK and Ireland. Inclusion criteria were as follows: all children aged <15 years; accidental poisoning requiring intervention; Poisoning Severity Score (PSS) score ≥2 (moderate or severe). Intentional poisonings were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>116 cases of poisoning were reported, and 31 cases met the inclusion criteria. The overall incidence of reported severe accidental poisoning was 2.4 cases per million children (3.2 per million in male, 1.6 per million in female), with 7.3 cases per million in children under 2 years. On PSS scoring, 14 (45%) cases were classified as moderate, 16 (52%) cases severe and 1 (3%) case fatal. The frequency of fatal poisonings reported was 0.08 per million children. Prescription medications were the most common substance implicated (n=13, 42%), with opioids (n=6, 19%) being the most common medication group. Common non-medication causes were illicit drugs or alcohol (n=12, 39%), household or industrial products (n=5, 16%), and carbon monoxide (n=1, 3%). The most cited circumstance was 'the substance being left unattended' (n=8, 26%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Severe accidental poisoning remains a significant problem for children, but the most common causes have changed, underscoring the importance of updating public health initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":8150,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood","volume":" ","pages":"597-602"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143405520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiles of developmental disorder and associations with gestational age.","authors":"Katherine Jane Pettinger, Sarah Louise Blower, Elaine M Boyle, Catherine Elizabeth Hewitt, Lorna K Fraser","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-327962","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-327962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine profiles of co-occurrence of developmental disorders and their association with birth before full term.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Latent class analysis of cohort data with linked health data.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Bradford, England.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>13 172 children were included in the analysis.</p><p><strong>Outcome measures: </strong>Developmental disorder in medical records.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were censored at each child's 12th birthday. The latent class analysis identified patterns of developmental disorders. Multinomial logistic regression explored the association with gestational age while adjusting for clinical and socio-factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority (12,536) had a low risk of developmental disorders; this group was named 'typical development'. The remaining children were classified into three groups: 'educational difficulties' (347 children); 'social, emotional, behavioural and communication difficulties' (189 children) and 'early developmental impairment, with physical and intellectual disabilities' (100 children).Compared with 'typical development', very preterm birth was associated with an increased likelihood of being in the 'early developmental impairment, with physical and intellectual disabilities' group, adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR): 9.22 (95% CI 4.58 to 18.55). Birth before full term was associated with increased likelihood of being in the 'educational difficulties' group; risk was highest <34 weeks (aRRR: 2.64 (95% CI 1.44 to 4.83)) but persisted up to 37-38 weeks: aRRR: 1.41 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.81). There was no association between gestational age and the 'social, emotional, behavioural and communication difficulties'' group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Four distinct profiles of developmental disorders were identified; gestational age was associated with two of these. Understanding which disorders children are most at risk of and how these co-occur can help provide accurate information to families and contribute to prompt diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8150,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood","volume":" ","pages":"636-644"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12320604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical analgesia during needle-related procedures in children: a clinical practice guideline.","authors":"Debbie C Stavleu, Renée L Mulder, Demi M Kruimer, Maarten O Mensink, Leontien Cm Kremer, Wim Je Tissing, Erik Ah Loeffen","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-326917","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-326917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During intensive and long-lasting treatments, short-term or emergency care, children often undergo minor needle-related procedures (ie, venepuncture, venous cannulation and puncture of central venous access ports). The use of topical analgesia topical analgesia before these procedures can reduce needle-related pain. There is, however, uncertainty about the type of local anaesthetic (ie, eutectic mixture of topical analgesia (EMLA) or tetracaine-containing creams (eg, Rapydan) that should be used.Therefore, a clinical practice guideline (CPG) was developed to establish a comprehensive, evidence-based overview and provide recommendations for clinical practice.A comprehensive multidisciplinary panel was assembled, comprising 16 professionals and patient representatives in the Netherlands. A systematic literature review was performed, and after dual appraisal of all articles, results were extracted and meta-analyses were performed. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology was used to assess, extract and summarise the evidence. An in-person meeting was held to discuss the evidence, complete an evidence-to-decision framework and formulate recommendations.In total, ten randomised controlled trials comprising 1808 children formed the evidence base for the recommendations. We recommend the use of EMLA in children who need to undergo a minor needle-related procedure, with minimal application duration of 60 min (strong recommendation, very low-quality evidence). We suggest the use of tetracaine-containing creams only when rapid cannulation/puncture (ie, within 30-60 min) is required (weak recommendation, very low-quality evidence).In this CPG, we provide recommendations regarding the choice of local anaesthetic for needle-induced pain during minor procedures in children. With these recommendations, we aim to reduce procedural pain and thereby contribute to improving care for children.</p>","PeriodicalId":8150,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood","volume":" ","pages":"657-661"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12320588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Varicella: is it time for a global vaccination programme?","authors":"Eva Louise Wooding, Seilesh Kadambari, Adilia Warris","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-327593","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-327593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Varicella, known as chickenpox, is caused by the varicella zoster virus (VZV), with an estimated 84 million cases annually. It primarily affects children, for most of whom it is a self-limiting illness. However, there are an estimated 950 000 disability-adjusted life years attributed to VZV annually, disproportionately affecting lower-income settings. Children with impaired immunity and neonates are particularly at risk for severe varicella. Epidemiology varies between tropical and temperate regions with infections occurring at an earlier age in temperate climates.Varicella is a vaccine-preventable disease and over 40 countries have a universal one-dose or two-dose paediatric immunisation programme, either administered alone or combined with the measles, mumps and rubella vaccination (MMRV). The UK's Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation recommended the introduction of MMRV in November 2024. The vaccine, whether monovalent or MMRV, is effective in reducing varicella cases and hospital admissions, and two-dose regimens have further reduced breakthrough infections of shingles, a recognised concern in varicella vaccination programmes. Long-term data on shingles incidence in later life are not yet available and may be mitigated through paired universal shingles vaccination programmes for adults.Cost-effectiveness studies in high-resource settings support vaccination due to reduced hospitalisations and societal costs, such as missed caregiver employment. However, more research is needed for lower-resource regions to determine whether universal vaccination is feasible and cost-effective. While global varicella elimination is unlikely without sterilising immunity, vaccination can significantly reduce the disease burden, depending on regional epidemiology and available resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":8150,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood","volume":" ","pages":"586-591"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycerol intoxication: slush ice drinks and toxicosurveillance.","authors":"Kevin Baumgartner, David Liss","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2025-328618","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2025-328618","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8150,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood","volume":" ","pages":"583"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12276994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mind the (preterm) gap: inequality in the UK's current RSV immunisation approach will leave many preterm babies unprotected against RSV this winter.","authors":"James E G Charlesworth","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-327741","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-327741","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8150,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood","volume":" ","pages":"662-664"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical utility of salivary androgen profiles as a diagnostic tool in premature adrenarche: a pilot study.","authors":"Olivia Buckingham-Woodhouse, Julie Park, Silothabo Dliso, Orla Bright, Daniel Hawcutt, Alena Shantsila, Gregory Y H Lip, Joanne C Blair","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-328202","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-328202","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8150,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood","volume":" ","pages":"668-669"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of child socioemotional and cognitive development on exam results in adolescence: findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.","authors":"Michelle Black, Lateef Akanni, Nicholas Kofi Adjei, G J Melendez-Torres, Dougal Hargreaves, David Taylor-Robinson","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-327963","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-327963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive ability and socioemotional behaviour during childhood have independently been shown to impact educational outcomes. The extent to which their co-development predicts these outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to assess associations between concurrent cognitive and socioemotional development trajectories in childhood and exam results at age 16 years.</p><p><strong>Data and method: </strong>We analysed longitudinal data on 9084 children from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Exposure trajectories of cognitive and socioemotional development from age 3 to 14 years were characterised using group-based multi-trajectory models. We used logistic regression to assess associations between these development trajectories and exam attainment, measured by passing five or more GCSE subjects at age 16, adjusting for confounders. Population-attributable fractions were calculated to quantify the contribution of cognitive and socioemotional problems to poor educational outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the 'no problem' trajectory group, the odds of not achieving a standard pass in GCSE was 2.5 times higher for the 'late socioemotional problems' trajectory group (adjusted OR 2.5, 95% CI 2.1 to 3.1) and four times higher for the 'early cognitive and socioemotional problems' trajectory group (adjusted OR 4.2, 95% CI 3.4 to 5.3). The OR was highest for the trajectory group with persistent cognitive and socioemotional problems (adjusted OR 4.4, 95% CI 3.3 to 5.8). Approximately 17% of poor exam results in adolescence were attributable to cognitive and socioemotional behaviour problems in childhood (adjusted population-attributable fraction 17%, 95% CI 15% to 19%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In a representative UK cohort, adverse development of cognitive and socioemotional behaviour in childhood was associated with a negative impact on exam results in adolescence, more so when the adverse development co-occurs or clusters early or persistently. Cross sector health and education policy that invests in reducing cognitive and socioemotional behaviour problems in children has the potential to improve educational outcomes in adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":8150,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood","volume":" ","pages":"645-650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12320587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}