Applied psychology. Health and well-being最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinal association of stress with mental health in the context of COVID-19: The mediating role of psychological flexibility and emotional schemas","authors":"Rita Sebastião,&nbsp;David Dias Neto","doi":"10.1111/aphw.12614","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aphw.12614","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stress is a known contributor to psychosocial pathological conditions and reduction of well-being. The literature has highlighted the role of emotional schemas and psychological flexibility as psychological processes underlying this relationship in the short term. This two-wave longitudinal study analyses the mediating role of psychological flexibility and emotional schemas in the relationship between stress responses to COVID-19-related events and mental health 6 months later. Two hundred and seventy-six individuals were included in this study, completing measures of stress responses, emotional schemas, psychological flexibility and positive and negative mental health. Negative evaluation of emotions was a significant mediator in the longitudinal relationship between stress responses and negative mental health. Valued action and openness to experience mediate the longitudinal relationship between stress responses and positive mental health. This study underscores the importance of the different dimensions of psychological processes, suggesting that over time, more maladaptive psychological processes play a significant role in elucidating the relationship between stress responses and negative mental health. Similarly, it suggests that more adaptive processes may help explain the relationship between stress responses and positive mental health. This contributes to a better understanding of the stability of these processes, which is important for determining which intervention targets should be prioritised.</p>","PeriodicalId":8127,"journal":{"name":"Applied psychology. Health and well-being","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aphw.12614","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the association between sleep problems and loneliness in adolescents: Potential mediating effects of rumination and resilience","authors":"Ting Shen,&nbsp;Lisha Wan,&nbsp;Shuting Lin,&nbsp;Yuxiao Liu,&nbsp;Hanshu Zhang,&nbsp;Gengfeng Niu,&nbsp;Xin Hao","doi":"10.1111/aphw.12620","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aphw.12620","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sleep problems positively predict loneliness to a large extent, which would harm adolescent health. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism. This research investigates the potential mediating roles of rumination and resilience in the relation among adolescents and further examines the changing relationships. In Study 1, 1056 adolescents from two schools completed self-reported measures of sleep problems, loneliness, rumination, and resilience. We found that sleep problems were positively associated with loneliness, and that rumination and resilience mediated this relationship, both individually and sequentially. To examine the varying relationship between rumination, resilience, and loneliness, Study 2 adopted the cross-lagged design in a long-term longitudinal study of 131 students and found that rumination and resilience at T1 significantly predict loneliness at T2. To further directly explore the changing relationship between sleep problems and loneliness, we performed a short-term longitudinal study across 7 weeks of 242 adolescents in Study 3. The results replicated the findings of Study 2 and found sleep problems at T1 positively predicted loneliness at T2. These results underscore the significance of sleep problems in contributing to loneliness through mediating mechanisms and unveil the possible causal relationships, offering robust insights to alleviate adolescent loneliness.</p>","PeriodicalId":8127,"journal":{"name":"Applied psychology. Health and well-being","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of machine learning in predicting health perception through military personnel's sense of empowerment","authors":"Kun-Huang Chen,&nbsp;Pao-Lung Chiu,&nbsp;Ming-Hsuan Chen","doi":"10.1111/aphw.12619","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aphw.12619","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The promotion of health and provision of care services for new recruits are issues of constant concern for military leaders and healthcare providers, as they are crucial to maintaining and operating military forces. The enhancement of military personnel's empowerment has been recognized as a core value in promoting health perception. However, the pathways between military personnel's sense of empowerment and health perception have not been thoroughly explored. The primary aim of this study is to examine the predictive power of different dimensions of empowerment (personal, interpersonal, and socio-political) on new recruits' health perception, and to further observe differences among subgroups, which will help us grasp the nuances of future health intervention measures. The research data were extracted from the “Military Career Development Study,” analyzing personal empowerment data from Wave 1 (W1) and perceived health data from Wave 2 (W2) (N = 2,232). In terms of analytical methods, five ML classifiers, including Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, AdaBoost, and k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithms, were used for prediction in both the full sample and subsamples (gender and socioeconomic status). Results show that among the five ML classifiers, the Decision Tree performed best overall, achieving a prediction accuracy of 95.4%. The results by gender show that the ML models perform best for both males and females with the Decision Tree and Random Forest methods. For the Decision Tree, the accuracy rates were 94.9% for males and 95.1% for females; the F1 scores were 92.9% for males and 93.2% for females. For the Random Forest, the accuracy rates were 94.9% for males and 95.4% for females; the F1 scores were 92.7% for males and 93.2% for females. Regarding SES, the Decision Tree and Random Forest methods performed best. In the SES Low group, both methods achieved a prediction accuracy of 95.6% and an F1 score of 93.7%; in the SES high group, they achieved a prediction accuracy of 95.4% and an F1 score of 93.3%. However, the contribution of different dimensions of empowerment features varied significantly among subgroups. These findings can provide important information on the differences in health perception among military personnel.</p>","PeriodicalId":8127,"journal":{"name":"Applied psychology. Health and well-being","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The temporal trajectories of habit decay in daily life: An intensive longitudinal study on four health-risk behaviors","authors":"Robert Edgren,&nbsp;Dario Baretta,&nbsp;Jennifer Inauen","doi":"10.1111/aphw.12612","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aphw.12612","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Habits are cue-behavior associations learned through repetition that are assumed to be relatively stable. Thereby, unhealthy habits can pose a health risk due to facilitating relapse. In the absence of research on habit decay in daily life, we aimed to investigate how habit decreases over time when trying to degrade a habit and whether this differs by four health-risk behaviors (sedentary behavior, unhealthy snacking, alcohol consumption, and smoking). This 91-day intensive longitudinal study included four parallel non-randomized groups (one per behavior; <i>N</i> = 194). Habit strength was measured daily with the Self-Report Behavioral Automaticity Index (11,805 observations) and modelled over time with constant, linear, quadratic, cubic, asymptotic, and logistic models. Person-specific modelling revealed asymptotic and logistic models as the most common best-fitting models (54% of the sample). The time for habit decay to stabilize ranged from 1 to 65 days. Multilevel modelling indicated substantial between-person heterogeneity and suggested initial habit strength but not the decay process to vary by behavioral group. Findings suggest that habit decay when trying to degrade a habit typically follows a decelerating negative trend but that it is a highly idiosyncratic process. Recommendations include emphasizing the role of person-specific modelling and data visualization in habit research.</p>","PeriodicalId":8127,"journal":{"name":"Applied psychology. Health and well-being","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of temporal distancing on the sense of meaning in life among individuals experiencing daily stressors","authors":"Tongping Yang,&nbsp;Chongzeng Bi","doi":"10.1111/aphw.12611","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aphw.12611","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Existing evidence has indicated that adopting a temporally distanced perspective can enhance the search for and presence of meaning in life. However, this effect may not hold among individuals facing highly stressful situations, as meaning–search might be considered dysfunctional in such contexts. Furthermore, prior research has not distinguished between near and distant perspectives when examining the impact of temporal distancing on meaning–search and meaning–presence. To address these gaps, this study utilized a prescreening stage (<i>N</i> = 972) to recruit participants dealing with unresolved stressors of moderate-to-high severity. A pre-test and post-test design was employed, with participants randomly assigned to either near-future or distant-future conditions. The results (<i>n</i> = 129) showed that temporal distancing manipulation increased meaning–presence scores across both conditions. Meaning–search scores were significantly lower at post-test compared to pre-test within the distant-future condition but not within the near-future condition. By examining the differential effects of near-future versus distant-future perspectives and recruiting individuals experiencing moderate-to-severe unresolved stressors, this study sheds light on how temporal distancing serves as a coping strategy, enabling individuals to maintain a relatively balanced sense of meaning in life when confronted with significant stressors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8127,"journal":{"name":"Applied psychology. Health and well-being","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identity change and the transition to university: Implications for cortisol awakening response, psychological well-being and academic performance","authors":"Siobhán M. Griffin,&nbsp;Alžběta Lebedová,&nbsp;Tegan Cruwys,&nbsp;Grace McMahon,&nbsp;Aoife Marie Foran,&nbsp;Magdalena Skrodzka,&nbsp;Stephen Gallagher,&nbsp;Annie T. Ginty,&nbsp;Orla T. Muldoon","doi":"10.1111/aphw.12608","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aphw.12608","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The social identity model of identity change (SIMIC) posits that social group memberships protect well-being during transitional periods, such as the transition to university, via two pathways — maintaining previously held social group memberships (social identity continuity) and gaining new social group memberships (social identity gain). Breaking new ground, this study investigates how these processes can influence an important biomarker of stress — cortisol awakening response (CAR). A total of 153 first year undergraduate students (69.3% female) completed measures (group memberships, depression, life satisfaction) at the beginning of the academic year (October, time 1; T1), of which 67 provided a saliva sample for CAR assessment. Seventy-nine students completed the time 2 (February, T2) measures 4 months later (41 provided saliva). Academic performance was assessed objectively through end-of-academic year university grade data (June, T3). At T1, students who maintained and gained social group memberships reported lower depressive symptoms and greater life satisfaction. Across the academic year, social identity gain was associated with a larger post-awakening cortisol response at T2, indicative of a better ability to cope with stress. Thus, gaining new social group memberships during the transition to university was associated with a better ability to cope with stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":8127,"journal":{"name":"Applied psychology. Health and well-being","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of laughter yoga on well-being, perceived stress, and academic self-efficacy in nursing students: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Merve Altiner Yas,&nbsp;Olga Incesu","doi":"10.1111/aphw.12610","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aphw.12610","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite rigorous theoretical and clinical training, nursing students face emotional and academic challenges that can harm their well-being. Nonetheless, there is a dearth of research investigating the impact of laughter yoga (LY) on nursing students' well-being, perceived stress, and self-efficacy. The aim of this single-blinded, two-armed randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the effect of LY on nursing students' well-being, perceived stress, and academic self-efficacy (ASE). A total of five sessions of LY were applied to the intervention group. The analysis included a total of 83 nursing students (intervention group <i>n</i> = 41 and control group <i>n</i> = 42). Repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and paired-samples <i>t</i>-test were used for data analysis. Results revealed that the intervention group showed a significant increase in well-being (<i>p</i> &lt; .001) and a decrease in perceived stress after LY (<i>p</i> &lt; .01). However, statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups were not found in well-being, perceived stress, and ASE (<i>p</i> &gt; .05). These results indicate the potential effects of LY on the students' well-being and perceived stress. Community mental health nurses and educators can use LY to improve well-being in universities.</p>","PeriodicalId":8127,"journal":{"name":"Applied psychology. Health and well-being","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Move, connect and go outside! A randomized controlled trial of two online interventions and analysis of helpful coping strategies in COVID-19 “homestayers”","authors":"Ann-Christine Ehlis,&nbsp;Benjamin Aas,&nbsp;Carolin Kieckhäfer,&nbsp;Günter Schiepek,&nbsp;David Rosenbaum,&nbsp;Christian Theisen,&nbsp;Andreas J. Fallgatter,&nbsp;Florens Goldbeck","doi":"10.1111/aphw.12603","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aphw.12603","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a global health crisis and a significant increase in psychological distress and psychopathological symptoms. We conducted a randomized controlled trial with two online interventions derived from positive psychology (PP) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in <i>N</i> = 138 “homestayers” during the first lock-down period in Germany. PP exercises had a positive impact on anxiety scores, which decreased significantly during the intervention, particularly in participants without access to a garden. Direct or indirect social contact, movement/exercise, and exposure to nature were the most frequently reported helpful coping strategies. We conclude that low-threshold online interventions with a focus on positive aspects of people's lives may be helpful to support mental health during pandemic crises. From a mental health perspective, the results also reinforce the approach of countries that allow their citizens to, for example, still go for walks during periods of contact restrictions, compared to full lock-down conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8127,"journal":{"name":"Applied psychology. Health and well-being","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional relationship between self-compassion and psychological richness: A two-wave longitudinal study","authors":"Yuening Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoni Yang,&nbsp;Yifan Liu,&nbsp;Cangpi Wei,&nbsp;Jingjing Zhao,&nbsp;Feng Kong","doi":"10.1111/aphw.12607","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aphw.12607","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous research has found that self-compassion enhances well-being outcomes such as happiness and meaning in life. However, little is known about the link between self-compassion and psychological richness, a recently introduced concept of well-being. Thus, an exploration of the relationship between self-compassion and psychological richness is necessary to gain a comprehensive understanding of the association between self-compassion and well-being. To address this issue, this study investigated the temporal directionality of their relationship within a cohort of Chinese college students, utilizing a two-wave longitudinal approach. Using a cross-lagged model, the results revealed that the self-compassion could predict psychological richness 3 months later, and conversely, psychological richness could also predict subsequent self-compassion. This research provides new insights into the bidirectional relationship between self-compassion and psychological richness, broadening our understanding of the association between self-compassion and well-being. Future interventions should focus on the important effect of self-compassion interventions in the development of psychological richness. In addition, future research could consider interventions on increasing psychological richness to improve the level of self-compassion among college students.</p>","PeriodicalId":8127,"journal":{"name":"Applied psychology. Health and well-being","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of healthy dietary intention-behavior (in)consistency on depression and anxiety in the process of behavior change","authors":"Jiaci Lin,&nbsp;Fuhua Yang,&nbsp;Kunhua Pu,&nbsp;Miaosen Lan,&nbsp;Yichun Chen,&nbsp;Keli Yin","doi":"10.1111/aphw.12609","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aphw.12609","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although an increasing number of people are now committed to pursuing a healthy diet, it remains unclear how mental health changes during this process. The present study aimed to examine the combined effect of healthy dietary intention and behavior on depression and anxiety across two sub-studies. This study consisted of two parts: a cross-sectional survey (Study 1) involving 1,433 college students and an 11-day daily diary study (Study 2) with 117 college students. Polynomial regression and response surface analysis indicated that in cases of congruence, individuals' intention and behavior align at a high level and were associated with lower levels of depression and anxiety in the motivational phase but were not found similar association in the volitional phase. In cases of incongruence, individuals with high intention-low behavior tend to experience lower levels of depression and anxiety in the motivational phase. However, individuals with high intention-low behavior tend to experience higher levels of depression and anxiety in the volitional phase. These findings not only enrich the current understanding of diet and health but also contribute to the development of holistic strategies for promoting a healthy diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":8127,"journal":{"name":"Applied psychology. Health and well-being","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}