Folia veterinaria最新文献

Ovine Lungworms Infection in Tiaret (Algeria): Prevalence, Species Involved, and Pathological Findings 提亚雷特（阿尔及利亚）的绵羊肺线虫感染：流行率、涉及的种类和病理结果

Folia veterinaria Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/fv-2024-0010

Moussaoui Mabrouk, Kouidri Mokhtaria, S. Ammar, H. Houari, B. Bouabdellah

{"title":"Ovine Lungworms Infection in Tiaret (Algeria): Prevalence, Species Involved, and Pathological Findings","authors":"Moussaoui Mabrouk, Kouidri Mokhtaria, S. Ammar, H. Houari, B. Bouabdellah","doi":"10.2478/fv-2024-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2024-0010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Lungworm infections are known to be frequent and responsible for substantial economic losses in ruminants. They are caused by Dictyocaulus filaria and various species belonging to the Protostrongylidae family of nematodes. This present study was conducted at the Tiaret municipal slaughterhouse and the parasitology laboratory of the veterinary institute for six months, from November 2016 to April 2017. The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of lungworm infections and the determination of the circulating species affecting sheep in the region with a pathological study of infected pulmonary tissue sections. The overall incidence of the pathology in sheep was 26 % (240/921). The identified species were Muellerius capillaris 43 %, Neostrongylus linearis 8 %, Cystocaulus ocreatus 4 %, Dictyocaulus filaria 3 %, Protostrongylus rufescens 1 %, and mixed infestations 42 %. The histological examination of corresponding lesions has revealed pneumonia-type, and bronchopneumonia, inflammatory lesions, with a predominance of mononuclear cells, necrosis of bronchial epithelium, and pulmonary parenchyma as well as hyperplasia of the bronchiolar epithelium. Prevention and control of these parasites is therefore essential for releasing the potential of sheep production.","PeriodicalId":81274,"journal":{"name":"Folia veterinaria","volume":"1 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140270381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy Inputs and Needs: Impact on Milk Production and Body Reserves in Dairy Cows 能量输入和需求：对奶牛产奶量和体内储备的影响

Folia veterinaria Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/fv-2024-0005

Latifa Merdaci, Mounira S. Madi, M. Zeghdoudi, Mabrouk Chemmam

{"title":"Energy Inputs and Needs: Impact on Milk Production and Body Reserves in Dairy Cows","authors":"Latifa Merdaci, Mounira S. Madi, M. Zeghdoudi, Mabrouk Chemmam","doi":"10.2478/fv-2024-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2024-0005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Algeria is a major importer of milk and dairy cows, with the Holstein and Monbéliarde breeds being the most common. Adapting these cows to their new environment poses a significant challenge in maintaining their original performance. This research aims to determine how feed input and milk production relate to body condition score (BCS) and energy reserves. Over three lactation periods, two flocks of dairy cows, 20 Prim’Holstein (PH) and 20 Montbéliarde (MB), pregnant at 5.6 ± 0.4 (PH) and 5.5 ± 0.4 (MB) months, were monitored under the same rearing conditions. The staple diet consisted of barley silage, green clover, grain barley, and wheat bran, with concentrate consumed twice daily during the milking period. Throughout three lactation periods, the state of body reserves deteriorated gradually, reaching BCS values below 2. In the first lactation, milk production was 4,211 ± 340 kg for MB and 3,965 ± 328 kg for PH, 5,024 ± 360 kg (MB) and 4,660 ± 420 kg (PH) in the second lactation and 5,700 ± 530 kg (MB) and 5,180 ± 400 kg (PH) in the third lactation. During the first week of lactation, the energy needs coverage rates for PH and MB were only 70 % and 77 %, respectively, while on the 30th day they were 66 % and 74 %, respectively. The balance between needs and inputs is restored at 120 %, starting on the 90th day of lactation. This energy deficit was recurring in both breeds and occurred during subsequent lactation.","PeriodicalId":81274,"journal":{"name":"Folia veterinaria","volume":"105 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140271224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection and Sequence Analysis of Toxoplasma Gondii B1 Gene in Tissues of Some Bird Species in Plateau State, Nigeria 尼日利亚高原州一些鸟类组织中弓形虫 Gondii B1 基因的检测和序列分析

Folia veterinaria Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/fv-2024-0009

Ishaku B. Shalangwa, B. Maikai, J. K. P. Kwaga, O. Okubanjo, P. Luka, J. Kamani, Kenneth O. Ikejiofor, Helen E Gyang, Adedapo O. Adedeji

{"title":"Detection and Sequence Analysis of Toxoplasma Gondii B1 Gene in Tissues of Some Bird Species in Plateau State, Nigeria","authors":"Ishaku B. Shalangwa, B. Maikai, J. K. P. Kwaga, O. Okubanjo, P. Luka, J. Kamani, Kenneth O. Ikejiofor, Helen E Gyang, Adedapo O. Adedeji","doi":"10.2478/fv-2024-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2024-0009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Toxoplasma gondii is a single-cell parasite capable of infecting almost all homeotherms posing a grave public health risk globally. There is limited available literature on the T. gondii strains circulating in bird species in the Plateau State, of Nigeria. Consequently, this study was carried out to identify and confirm T. gondii infection and also determine the relationship of the DNA sequences with those of bird species in other parts of the world. To achieve this, brain and heart tissues of 25 bird species were sampled and a nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) and sequence analyses of the B1 gene were carried out. The DNA of T. gondii was identified in the heart and brain tissues of 7/7 (100.0 %) of wild bird species, and 15/18 (83.3 %) of domestic local chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) sampled. The evolutionary relationship among the T. gondii sequences in this study using phylogenetic tree constructed by maximum likelihood method showed the sequences shared a common ancestor with the Type I RH strain (GenBank: AF179871). The T. gondii sequences were in a cluster distinct from other sequences in the GenBank. Calculations of genetic differentiation and genetic diversity indices undertaken and collated revealed three haplotypes with higher haplotype diversity within the T. gondii sequences obtained from wild birds (0.667) compared with the sequences from local chickens (0.333). A 97–100 % homology among the aligned sequences of T. gondii in the study shows that only one strain type exists in all of the samples. This study has established the occurrence of T. gondii infection in asymptomatic bird species in the study area and portrays them as carriers, and potential sources of human infection.","PeriodicalId":81274,"journal":{"name":"Folia veterinaria","volume":"22 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140276857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Motor Recovery after Spinal Cord Trauma and Effect of Local Hypothermia in a Porcine Experimental Model 猪实验模型脊髓创伤后的运动恢复及局部低温的影响

Folia veterinaria Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/fv-2024-0007

Igor Šulla, M. Závodská, Štefánia Papcúnová

{"title":"Motor Recovery after Spinal Cord Trauma and Effect of Local Hypothermia in a Porcine Experimental Model","authors":"Igor Šulla, M. Závodská, Štefánia Papcúnová","doi":"10.2478/fv-2024-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2024-0007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study was aimed to assess the therapeutic potential (expressed by improvement of pelvic extremities motor functions) of a 5-hour local application of hypothermia with cold saline (4 °C), or saline at room temperature (≈ 24 °C) conveyed via perfusion chamber placed epidurally over the epicenter of spinal cord lesion in minipigs paraplegic due to acute spinal cord injuries (SCIs) inflicted through L3 laminectomy with the force of 8N, 15N, or 18N by a computer operated contusion apparatus. Eighteen 5–8-month-old minipigs (Göttingen-Minnesota-Liběchov crossbreed strains weighing 28–35 kg) were randomly divided into 6 subgroups (each containing three animals) another 3 minipigs were added as sham controls. To evaluate the pelvic extremities motor recovery was used the porcine 20-point neurological scale. Regular evaluations of motor scores showed gradual spontaneous recovery of this parameter in all experimental animals, however, the best results achieved minipigs after SCI inflicted by 8N impacts. The data achieved in the study suggest that local application of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is well tolerated and may improve functional outcomes after SCI. Further experimental and preclinical studies in different SCI animal models are required before the introduction of the method in healthcare practice.","PeriodicalId":81274,"journal":{"name":"Folia veterinaria","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140278748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structure of Soft Tissues in Congenital Unilateral Cleft Lip, Light and Electron Microscopic Observations 先天性单侧唇裂的软组织结构，光学和电子显微镜观察

Folia veterinaria Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/fv-2024-0008

Martin Zibrín, Marianna Zábavníková, Lenka Baňacká, Katarína Holovská, Peter Kizek, T. Komorová, Andrej Jenča

引用次数: 0

Fosfomycin Escherichia coli Resistance in Poultry Meat Associated with the Excessive use of Biocides During COVID-19 COVID-19 期间过度使用杀菌剂导致的禽肉中磷霉素大肠杆菌耐药性

Folia veterinaria Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/fv-2024-0003

N. Guergueb

{"title":"Fosfomycin Escherichia coli Resistance in Poultry Meat Associated with the Excessive use of Biocides During COVID-19","authors":"N. Guergueb","doi":"10.2478/fv-2024-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2024-0003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The emergence of antimicrobial resistance has become one of the major public health problems. Although antimicrobial resistance naturally develops over time, its prevalence has increased due to the use of antimicrobial agents in the health sector and other contexts. This paper focuses on the rise in fosfomycin resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from poultry meat, coinciding with the excessive use of biocides during the COVID-19 outbreak in Algeria. A total of 134 E. coli isolates were identified from poultry meat samples purchased from the same butcher’s shops before and after the emergence of the COVID-19 outbreak. Univariate analyses were conducted using the ANOVA test for continuous variables and the chi-squared test for categorical variables. Odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were utilized for statistically significant risk factors. Multivariable analysis was performed with binary logistic regression to detect an independent predictor. A P-value of 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Poultry meat purchased after the COVID-19 appearance was found to be associated with fosfomycin-resistant E. coli; fosfomycin-resistant E. coli isolates were more prevalent after COVID-19 (15.56 %) than before the COVID-19 outbreak (1.69 %). A significant difference in fosfomycin E. coli resistance was observed before and after the COVID-19 emergence (P = 0.009; OR = 10.68; 95 % CI 1.26–90.34). E. coli strains isolated from poultry meat are 10 times more likely to be fosfomycin resistant after COVID-19 than before the COVID-19 outbreak. It could be that the excessive use of biocides during the COVID-19 outbreak increased the risk of fosfomycin E. coli resistance in poultry meat.","PeriodicalId":81274,"journal":{"name":"Folia veterinaria","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140268175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DNA Damage Detection After Pesticide Exposure 接触杀虫剂后的 DNA 损伤检测

Folia veterinaria Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/fv-2024-0004

Sabína Baloďanská, M. Galdíková, S. Koleničová, B. Holečková, V. Schwarzbacherová, J. Halušková

引用次数: 0

Histomorphological Investigation of the Eye of the Tree Squirrel: A Preliminary Study 树松鼠眼睛的组织形态学调查：初步研究

Folia veterinaria Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/fv-2024-0001

J. Olopade, O. I. Fatola, T. T. Gilbert, O. Folarin, A. A. Obasa, Jude I. Abeje, Munachimso K. Njasi, Ejiro O. Ighorodje, Chizubelu I. Omile, Kehinde I. Adedokun

{"title":"Histomorphological Investigation of the Eye of the Tree Squirrel: A Preliminary Study","authors":"J. Olopade, O. I. Fatola, T. T. Gilbert, O. Folarin, A. A. Obasa, Jude I. Abeje, Munachimso K. Njasi, Ejiro O. Ighorodje, Chizubelu I. Omile, Kehinde I. Adedokun","doi":"10.2478/fv-2024-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2024-0001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Squirrels are diurnal rodents with high visual acuity including unique properties well-suited for their natural environment. This study was conducted to explore some ocular microscopic features of tree-harbouring squirrels in the University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Two male squirrels were cage-trapped within the University premises. Light microscopic analysis was carried on paraffin-embedded eye samples harvested from the animals. The densely compacted stromal fibres, 351 ± 52.5 µm thick, formed the thickest part of the cornea, and the basement membrane of the corneal epithelium, 63.8 ± 13.0 µm thick, was notably positive with Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain. Strong pigmentation was present at the choroid as well as the iridal and ciliary epithelia. The multiple layering of the retinal structure exhibited densely packed ganglion cells at the ganglion cell layer which together with the nerve fibre layer was observed to be thinnest at the more peripheral portion but becomes thicker towards the optic disc. Strongly positive glia fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP+) cells with their abundant fibrous processes were demonstrated immunohistochemically at the retinal nerve fibre layer and the optic nerve. Histological features of the retinal cellular components of the tree squirrels investigated has thus highlighted the structural adaptation of these animal species to their environmental arboreal habitat and diurnal lifestyle. Findings from this study, while further noted to be similar to that in human, showed that African tree squirrels represent promising rodent model for human retinal/ocular research.","PeriodicalId":81274,"journal":{"name":"Folia veterinaria","volume":"294 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140275143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Three (3) Techniques in the Diagnosis of Subclinical Mastitis with Antibiotic Resistance of S. aureus in Nigeria 对尼日利亚金黄色葡萄球菌抗生素耐药性亚临床乳腺炎诊断中三（3）种技术的评估

Folia veterinaria Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/fv-2024-0006

K. N. Anueyiagu, Michael Simon, Mercy M. Torjir, Franca Kojah, Victor O. Madu

{"title":"Evaluation of Three (3) Techniques in the Diagnosis of Subclinical Mastitis with Antibiotic Resistance of S. aureus in Nigeria","authors":"K. N. Anueyiagu, Michael Simon, Mercy M. Torjir, Franca Kojah, Victor O. Madu","doi":"10.2478/fv-2024-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2024-0006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study was aimed at evaluation of two diagnostic techniques and the cultural isolation of Staphylococcus aureus for the testing of subclinical mastitis in lactating cows. A total of 144 milk samples from 36 cows were examined. Ten (10) ml milk samples were aseptically collected from each quarter into labelled sterile universal bottles. The California Mastitis Test (CMT) and the Methylene Blue Reduction Test (MBRT) were carried out on each sample, before cultural isolation (gold standard test) was conducted. Forty eight milk samples were CMT-positive and 60 samples were MBRT-positive, while the gold standard (S. aureus isolation) had 31 positives. The 89.5 % samples of CMT-positive were correctly identified by the test culture. The proportions of samples that tested negative for Subclinical Mastitis (SCM) that did not have the disease, which is a negative predictive value, are 97.9 % and 92.9 % for CMT and MBRT, respectively. The highest total resistance of S. aureus to antibiotics was detected for gentamycin and chloramphenicol (100 %), followed by streptomycin and amoxicillin at 80.6 % and 74.1 %, respectively. The control and monitoring of subclinical mastitis in lactating cows are of great importance to human health. A good management system constitutes the priority in controlling subclinical mastitis in lactating cows.","PeriodicalId":81274,"journal":{"name":"Folia veterinaria","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140271574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mphages and the Blood-Brain Barrier: A Review 噬菌体与血脑屏障：回顾

Folia veterinaria Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/fv-2024-0002

Tomáš Maľarik, K. Bhide, Lea Talpašová, Mangesh Bhide

{"title":"Mphages and the Blood-Brain Barrier: A Review","authors":"Tomáš Maľarik, K. Bhide, Lea Talpašová, Mangesh Bhide","doi":"10.2478/fv-2024-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fv-2024-0002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a protective barrier that prevents most substances from entering the brain from the bloodstream, including bacteria and viruses. Unfortunately, this restriction also applies to 99.9 % of therapeutics, posing significant challenges in the treatment of brain diseases. Overcoming this barrier is critical for effective treatment of neurological disorders. Several drug delivery systems are being developed to improve transport of therapeutic agent across the BBB. For example, nanoparticles (liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers), nanocarriers (micelles, nanogels), protein-based delivery (penetrating peptides, exosomes), focused ultrasound, and most recently, a filamentous phage based nanocarriers. Filamentous bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria and are not designed to infect eukaryotic cells. Recent evidence suggests that filamentous bacteriophages, such as M13, can cross BBB and enter the central nervous system (CNS). Researchers have been investigating the potential use of M13 as drug carriers, including the delivery of therapeutic agents to the brain. This entails modifying the bacteriophages to carry payloads such as drugs and using them as a delivery system. The BBB’s complexity and the potential risks associated with changing it necessitate careful consideration in the development of such strategies. M13 nanocarrier development is ongoing, and advancements may lead to new therapeutic options for treating infections in the CNS. However, it is important to note that this field is still in its infancy, and more research is needed to assess the feasibility and safety of using modified bacteriophages to cross the BBB. This brief review attempts to compile current research on the potential use of bacteriophages for drug transport across the BBB.","PeriodicalId":81274,"journal":{"name":"Folia veterinaria","volume":"57 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140282548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0