APCBEE Procedia最新文献

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Preparation of Adsorbent with Lead Removal Ability from Paper Sludge Using Sulfur-impregnation 硫浸渍法制备造纸污泥除铅吸附剂
APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.001
Takaaki Wajima
{"title":"Preparation of Adsorbent with Lead Removal Ability from Paper Sludge Using Sulfur-impregnation","authors":"Takaaki Wajima","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the manufacture of recycled paper, paper sludge is discharged as an industrial waste. The amount of sludge discharged from manufacturing plants increases annually. In this study, the organic constituents, such as cellulose, in the sludge were converted into carbonaceous heavy metal absorbents using sulfur treatment, and its removal ability of lead from aqueous solution was examined. The sludge was treated with 5<!--> <!-->M HCl to remove inorganic content, and then immersed in 1<!--> <!-->M K<sub>2</sub>S solution to prepare sulfur-immersed sludge. The immersed-sludge was heated at 100-1000<!--> <!-->°C for 1 hour in nitrogen gas to produce the sulfur-impregnated adsorbent by pyrolysis. The product obtained at 400<!--> <!-->°C (Product-400) has a high removal ability for lead ion, which has high specific surface areas and high sulfur content. The product-400 shows the highest adsorption of lead from aqueous solution, and high selective removal for lead ions in low pH solution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 164-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74200498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Ambient Vibration Tests and Finite Element Analysis for Dynamic Properties of Brick Masonry Inverted Bell-shaped Chedi 砖砌体倒钟形车体动力特性环境振动试验及有限元分析
APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.038
Chayanon Hansapinyo , Nakhorn Poovarodom
{"title":"Ambient Vibration Tests and Finite Element Analysis for Dynamic Properties of Brick Masonry Inverted Bell-shaped Chedi","authors":"Chayanon Hansapinyo ,&nbsp;Nakhorn Poovarodom","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research is aimed to study fundamental dynamic properties of an esteemed brick masonry inverted bell-shaped chedi at Phrathat Doi Suthep temple, Chiangmai, Thailand, by using full-scale ambient vibration tests associated with the finite element analysis. The study results showed that the finite element analysis indicated 3.817<!--> <!-->Hz, 3.836<!--> <!-->Hz and 9.294<!--> <!-->Hz for the natural frequencies of the first modes on the x, y and torsion directions. From the ambient vibration measurements, the frequencies were 4.086<!--> <!-->Hz, 4.025<!--> <!-->Hz and 10.819<!--> <!-->Hz. In comparison, the finite element gives the similar frequency values with the measured ones. The discrepancies are respectively 6.59, 4.70 and 14.09 percent. Hence, the validation of the finite element model has been made and used for vibration analysis presented in the accompanied paper (Seismic Performances of Brick Masonry Inverted Bell-Shaped Chedi)</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 212-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90875669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Uncertainty Quantification of Hydrologic Model 水文模型的不确定性量化
APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.042
P. Vallam, X.S. Qin, J.J. Yu
{"title":"Uncertainty Quantification of Hydrologic Model","authors":"P. Vallam,&nbsp;X.S. Qin,&nbsp;J.J. Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE), a simplified Bayesian method, was adopted to determine the parametric uncertainty in hydrological modeling. A preliminary analysis of the summer flows of the Kootenay Watershed, Canada, was modeled to portray a typical uncertainty analysis procedure. SLURP, a robust hydrologic model was chosen for this procedure. The results demonstrated the viability of applying the GLUE method in conjunction with the SLURP hydrological model, following which the posterior probability distributions of the parameters was analyzed. The performance of this technique was verified by examining the flows’ prediction intervals for a period of 2 years, enabling valid future hydrological forecasting for the watershed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 219-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87654630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Significance of Nanotechnology in Food Industry 纳米技术在食品工业中的意义
APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.010
C. Chellaram , G. Murugaboopathi , A.A. John , R. Sivakumar , S. Ganesan , S. Krithika , G. Priya
{"title":"Significance of Nanotechnology in Food Industry","authors":"C. Chellaram ,&nbsp;G. Murugaboopathi ,&nbsp;A.A. John ,&nbsp;R. Sivakumar ,&nbsp;S. Ganesan ,&nbsp;S. Krithika ,&nbsp;G. Priya","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Magical spell have the ability to turn everything touched into gold, in real time scenario one such spell is “Nanotechnology” which has the mysterical power to revolutionize every field touched by it. Nanotechnology is now invading the food industry and establishing great potential.Nanotechnology applications in food industry include: encapsulation and delivery of substances in targeted sites, increasing the flavor,introducing antibacterial nanoparticles into food, enhancement of shelf life, sensing contamination, improved food storage, tracking, tracing and brand protection. Nano food processing and products can change the color, flavor, or sensory characteristics; they also change the nutritional functionality, removes chemicals or pathogens from food. Nano food packaging materials may extend food life due to high barrier packaging, improve food safety, alert consumers that food is contaminated or spoiled, repair tears in packaging, and even release preservatives to extend the life of the food in the package. Nanobarcodes are used for safety labeling and monitor distribution of food products. Nanosupplements can be easily incorporated by encapsulation techniques for nutritional and drug delivery systems effectively. And as health plays a major role in food the disadvantages of the technology is to be concerned.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 109-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79180048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 170
Variation of Flux in Membrane Distillation 膜蒸馏中通量的变化
APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.018
S.R. Selvi , R. Baskaran
{"title":"Variation of Flux in Membrane Distillation","authors":"S.R. Selvi ,&nbsp;R. Baskaran","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this review is to study briefly the membrane distillation in desalination application and effects of various process parameters such as feed temperature, feed flow rate and feed concentration on permeate flux. Several studies about the variation of flux have been reviewed in this paper. The review also covers the concept of fouling in membrane distillation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 97-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83159089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Temporal Variation of BTEX at the Area of Petrol Station in Bangkok, Thailand 泰国曼谷加油站区域BTEX的时间变化
APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.011
Pattamaporn Rattanajongjitrakorn , Tassanee Prueksasit
{"title":"Temporal Variation of BTEX at the Area of Petrol Station in Bangkok, Thailand","authors":"Pattamaporn Rattanajongjitrakorn ,&nbsp;Tassanee Prueksasit","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work aims to find changing amount of BTEX in period of time and theirs concentration at difference positions surrounding the petrol station located at the boundary of Bangkok and Nonthaburi, Thailand. A carbon charcoal glass tube connected to a personal air pump was used to collect BTEX during 16<!--> <!-->hrs (6 a.m. - 10 p.m.) divided into 4 periods. After sampling, BTEX was extracted from charcoal tubes and analyzed by GC/FID. The center of petrol station which is considered as the main point source has the highest BTEX average concentration: benzene 589.91±107.26<!--> <!-->μg/m<sup>3</sup>, toluene 1,694.92±212.27<!--> <!-->μg/m<sup>3</sup>, ethylbenzene 96.74±17.34<!--> <!-->μg/m<sup>3</sup>, m,p-xylene 409.79±59.91<!--> <!-->μg/m<sup>3</sup>, and o-xylene 123.96±16.01<!--> <!-->μg/m<sup>3</sup>. Total BTEX at the center point are 12.8 and 22.9 times higher than those at roadside and the backside of petrol station, respectively. Temperature and humidity are possible meteorological variables which affect BTEX concentrations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 37-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84932756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
Selection of Solvent in Supercritical Antisolvent Process 超临界反溶剂工艺中溶剂的选择
APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.032
Rahul Kumar, Hari Mahalingam, Krishna K. Tiwari
{"title":"Selection of Solvent in Supercritical Antisolvent Process","authors":"Rahul Kumar,&nbsp;Hari Mahalingam,&nbsp;Krishna K. Tiwari","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Supercritical antisolvent process (SAS) is widely being used to micronize the pharmaceutical compounds. The advantage of SAS process is that thermal degradation does not occur in the pharmaceutical compounds as the operating temperature is near to room temperature. This process starts with the atomization of a solution, a mixture of pharmaceutical compound and solvent, in the supercritical carbon dioxide environment. The transfer of carbon dioxide (antisolvent) to the droplet decreases the solubility of solute in the solution causing precipitation of solute in micro to nano-particle size range. In this work, four solvents: dimethyl sulfoxide, ethanol, acetone and dichloromethane have been considered to study the effect of solvent on droplet diameter, solvent mass transfer rate into supercritical carbon dioxide environment and velocity profile. The atomized droplet moves downward and mass transfer takes place. Two film theory of mass transfer has been used to calculate the molar flow rate of solvent into supercritical environment and carbon dioxide into droplet. Due to this two way mass transfer, composition of the droplet and thus size is changing continuously. The size of the droplet is calculated assuming that the droplet remains spherical during its downward movement. The size depends on the total number of moles in the droplet and molar density. Peng-Robinson equation of state has been used to calculate the molar density. The velocity profile of droplet is calculated using force balance equation on a moving body in a medium. Result shows that dichloromethane is the best solvent as it has small initial droplet diameter and less residence time compare to other solvents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 181-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89559046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Comparison of Chemical Pretreatment Methods for Cellulosic Biomass 纤维素生物质化学预处理方法的比较
APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.030
Marzieh Badiei , Nilofar Asim , Jamilah M. Jahim , Kamaruzzaman Sopian
{"title":"Comparison of Chemical Pretreatment Methods for Cellulosic Biomass","authors":"Marzieh Badiei ,&nbsp;Nilofar Asim ,&nbsp;Jamilah M. Jahim ,&nbsp;Kamaruzzaman Sopian","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The variety in physiochemical characteristics of cellulosic biomass reveals the need for pretreatment technologies to help in the rapid and efficient conversion of carbohydrate polymers into fermentable sugars. Suitable pretreatment methods enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass because of the crystalline structure of cellulose and the complex structure of lignin and hemicellulose. The choice of pretreatment method affects on the sugar yield, avoids the degradation of sugars derived from hemicellulose and minimize the formation of inhibitors for subsequent fermentation steps. A suitable process should minimize heat and power requirements to be cost effective in operation. The present review focuses on various chemical pretreatment methods for lignocellulosic biomass based on recent reports in literature. An analysis of the methods shows that the composition of biomass is the main factor in the selection of pretreatment method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 170-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77812037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 109
Oxalic Acid Modified Rice Hull as a Sorbent for Methylene Blue Removal 草酸改性稻壳吸附去除亚甲基蓝的研究
APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.029
Sook-Mun Lee , Siew-Teng Ong
{"title":"Oxalic Acid Modified Rice Hull as a Sorbent for Methylene Blue Removal","authors":"Sook-Mun Lee ,&nbsp;Siew-Teng Ong","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The potential of oxalic acid modified rice husk (ORH) to adsorb Methylene Blue (MB) from aqueous solution was investigated under various experimental conditions. Parameters studied included pH, initial dye concentrations, contact time, sorption isotherm, agitation rate and adsorbent dosage. A comparison study on the percentage uptake of natural rice husk and oxalic acid modified rice husk on MB dye showed that oxalic acid modified rice husk gave better removal efficiency. The percentage of dye uptake increased with increasing of pH and contact time. The optimum pH for MB removal was recorded at the range of pH 4 to pH 10 and the adsorption equilibrium was achieved after the first one and a half hours of contact time. From the kinetic study, the adsorption process correlated well with pseudo-second order kinetics equation. The experimental data were fitted into different isotherm model equations and the results revealed that the system under studied is better explained by Langmuir isotherm as compared to Freundlich isotherm. The maximum sorption capacity of ORH for MB was 29.15<!--> <!-->mg/g.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 165-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74085862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Immunogenicity of Malaria Vaccine Candidate - Plasmodium Falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein 5 (PfMSP5) Expressed in Bacillus subtilis 恶性疟原虫Merozoite表面蛋白5 (PfMSP5)在枯草芽孢杆菌中表达的免疫原性
APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.021
Chittibabu Gottimukkala , Charles Ma , Hans J. Netter , Santosh B. Noronha , Ross L. Coppel
{"title":"Immunogenicity of Malaria Vaccine Candidate - Plasmodium Falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein 5 (PfMSP5) Expressed in Bacillus subtilis","authors":"Chittibabu Gottimukkala ,&nbsp;Charles Ma ,&nbsp;Hans J. Netter ,&nbsp;Santosh B. Noronha ,&nbsp;Ross L. Coppel","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Malaria is one of the major health problems of the world. A number of vaccine candidates have been identified and are at different stages of the clinical trials. Wide spread deployment of malaria vaccines requires a cost effective and scalable production platform. We have chosen a non-pathogenic bacterial host, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, to produce a malaria vaccine candidate PfMSP5. Merozoite surface protein 5 (MSP5) is present during the asexual stage of <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em>, and is a recognized target that can be used as a subunit vaccine against blood stages of malaria. PfMSP5 was successfully expressed in <em>B. subtilis</em> and recovered from the culture supernatant in single step (nickel-affinity chromatography) purification. <em>B. subtilis</em> derived PfMSP5 induced very strong immune responses in mouse immunization experiments. The antibodies raised against PfMSP5 were reactive with proteins expressed by the parasite as shown by immunofluorescence. Our results conclude that the <em>B. subtilis</em> is an efficient expression host for the production of the malaria vaccine candidate PfMSP5.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 113-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91415274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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