Archiv Fur Geflugelkunde最新文献

{"title":"The effects of eggshell conductivity on hatchery performance and the relative risk assessment of translucent eggshell in breeders","authors":"Çiğdem Şeremet","doi":"10.1016/j.eups.2025.100010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eups.2025.100010","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was designed to determine whether translucent eggshells could negatively affect egg weight loss and incubation results. Internal and external egg quality parameters and microstructural shell differences were assessed. A total of 360 hatching eggs were obtained from a 54-week-old (Hy-Line) laying hen breeding flock. The eggs were divided into two groups: the first group consisted of eggs with translucent shells (TE) and large, numerous clear spots when candled; the second group, the control group (C), consisted of normal eggs without shell defects. The eggs from each group were randomly placed into incubator trays and incubated under standard incubation conditions. Both the eggshell conductivity and the specific eggshell conductivity were significantly higher in eggs with a translucent shell than in the control eggs. The proportion of shell in normal eggs was significantly higher than in TE eggs. TE Eggs had a higher relative weight loss during the first 7 and 18 days of incubation than the control eggs. An analysis of SEM images of translucent and normal eggshells revealed that normal eggs had a more regular formation of the mammillary layers at both the equator and the blunt ends. The percentage of fertilised eggs that hatched in the TE group was significantly lower than in the C group. The hatching window differed significantly between translucent and normal eggs. Chicks from TE eggs hatched earlier than chicks in eggs with a normal eggshell. It was concluded that it might be advisable not to use eggs with large and intense translucent spots for breeding. However, if this type of egg is to be used, excessive moisture loss should be prevented by storing them for a shorter period of time and increasing the relative humidity in the egg storage room and incubators.","PeriodicalId":8106,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Geflugelkunde","volume":"89 3-4","pages":"100010-100010"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147902346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First approach to validate a scoring system to assess footpad dermatitis in Pekin ducks","authors":"L. Klambeck, Jenny Stracke, Birgit Spindler, D. Klotz, P. Wohlsein, H.-G. Schön, F. Kaufmann, Nicole Kemper, R. Andersson","doi":"10.1399/eps.2019.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1399/eps.2019.262","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8106,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Geflugelkunde","volume":"83 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147904617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of cryopreservation of individual ejaculates on fertility in genetic resource chicken lines","authors":"C. Ehling, U. Baulain, S. Weigend, M. Henning, D. Rath","doi":"10.1399/eps.2017.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1399/eps.2017.185","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to confirm the suitability of a cryopreservation protocol in three phylogenetically divergent chicken lines on individual ejaculates of roosters. The experimental animals originated from three gene reserve lines. In two trials individual semen samples were cryopreserved and used in insemination experiments. For the freezing medium N-methylacetamide and dimethylformamide were mixed 2:1 in a base diluent according to Hanzawa et al. ( 2006). 0.25 ml straws were frozen in two phases beginning with a controlled temperature decrease of –3°C/min. The samples were thawed in a 4°C water bath. The semen was evaluated by means of CASA (computer-assisted sperm analysis). The hens were intravaginal inseminated in the distance of three or four days three times. Fertilization rate was determined after 7-day incubation by candling. Results showed a considerable influence of trial, chicken line and their interaction on sperm quality and fertility. Fertilization results with frozen sperm were extremely variable between individual roosters within the lines and trials (line R22: 9.7–73.3%, line G11: 33.3–84.6%, line L68: 41.4–87.5%). Significant correlations between sperm quality parameters and fertility rates were found only in two of three chicken lines. The results prove that there are genetic differences in the sperm quality and the subsequent fertility which should be taken into account at the construction of a sperm bank. But the developed cryopreservation method was applied successfully to individual roosters of genetic resource lines and is therefore eligible for gene banking of endangered chicken populations.","PeriodicalId":8106,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Geflugelkunde","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79212851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined effect of short-term temperature stimulation during the hatching phase and of protein and energy concentrations in the diets on performance of laying-type cockerels of different strains","authors":"I. Halle, B. Tzschentke","doi":"10.1399/eps.2017.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1399/eps.2017.174","url":null,"abstract":"The following described study was carried out to investigate the hypothesis that short-term warm stimulation in incubation temperature during the last days of incubation can improve hatching results and have long-lasting effect on performance, also in laying-type cockerels. The results of the incubation trial showed that a short-term increase in temperature by 1°C over the standard for 2 hours daily (38.2–38.4°C) improved the hatching results by 3.5% and in female and 7.7% in male LB chickens and by 2.0% in female and 5.5% in male LT chickens. The statistical evaluation of the feed level as single effect on performance of cockerels demonstrated a high dependence (P < 0.05) of the protein and energy concentration in the feed on the daily feed intake, the body weight, and the feed to gain ratio. The feed to gain ratio was significantly higher in the low feed groups (2.59 kg/kg) compared to the high feed groups (2.33 kg/kg) over the 70 days growing period. The origin of the cockerels was of great importance on the feed intake (LB-45.7 g/d/bird; LT-47.0 g/d/bird) over the growing phase D22–50 and on body weight at D21 (LT-256 g; LB-242 g) and D70 (LT-1404 g; LB-1380 g). The feed to gain ratio of the LT-cockerels (LT-2.24 kg/kg) was significantly higher compared to the LB- birds (LB-2.16 kg/kg) at the age of D22 to D49, but in the next growing period (D50–70) the order changed and over the total growing period (D1–70) there was no difference between the two origins of cockerels. Over the total growing period (D1–70), the combined effect of incubation temperature+origin of cockerels demonstrated dependence (P <0.05) of both parameters on the daily feed intake and daily weight gain, as well as on the final body weight. A significant interaction (P <0.05) between the origin of cockerels+feed level on daily feed intake (D1-D70) underlined the importance of both these factors on growing parameters. At slaughtering at D49 the percentage of carcass and mass of two legs were statistically different between LT (62.8%; 164.8 g) and LB (61.0%; 155.8 g) cockerels. At the end of the trial (D70) the mass and percentages of meat and organs were not different between LB and LT birds. A firm statistical difference in the percentage of liver and gizzard was calculated between low and high feed level at the age of D49 (gizzard – 2.8%, 3.1%) and D70 (gizzard – 2.6%, 2.8%). The combined effect of incubation temperature+origin of cockerels demonstrates dependence (P < 0.05) of both parameters on yield and percentage of breast meat over the total growing period (D1–70).","PeriodicalId":8106,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Geflugelkunde","volume":"568 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88186983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of different litter materials on behaviour, growth performance, feet health and plumage score of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)","authors":"Hesham Mohammed, Enas N. Said, Shereen El-Sayed Abdel-Hamid","doi":"10.1399/eps.2017.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1399/eps.2017.172","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8106,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Geflugelkunde","volume":"81 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of production system on foot pad dermatitis (FPD) and plumage quality of geese","authors":"Mehmet Akif Boz, M. Sarıca, U.S. Yamak","doi":"10.1399/eps.2017.216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1399/eps.2017.216","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8106,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Geflugelkunde","volume":"81 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147892562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analyses of layer males, dual purpose males and mixed sex broilers kept for fattening purposes regarding their floor space covering, weight-gain and several animal health traits","authors":"C. Habig, M. Beyerbach, N. Kemper","doi":"10.1399/EPS.2016.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1399/EPS.2016.128","url":null,"abstract":"As a major part of world poultry production is specialised in meat or egg production, millions of day-old male layer chicks are culled in Europe each year. \u0000 \u0000Within the present study, about 500 birds each of three genetic lines, Lohmann Brown (LB), Lohmann Dual (LD) and Ross 308 were fattened separately in a poultry floor management system over an eleven-week period. At regular intervals 55 birds per line were weighed and the floor space covered by their bodies was calculated using planimetric measurements. Furthermore, several animal health traits were assessed within the final two weeks of fattening. The mean floor area occupied by one-week old Ross 308 broilers was approximately 1.5‑fold higher compared to those of LB and LD at the same age and extended up to more than twice the space with increasing age. The highest mean body weight was measured for Ross 308, followed by LD and LB. While uniformity of the LB flock was high at any time body weights of LD and Ross 308 encompassed a wide range, resulting in a low uniformity within these groups. None of the examined LB and LD chickens showed keel bone deformities, breast plumage pollution or foot pad dermatitis. In contrast, all of the Ross 308 broilers had moderate to severe pollution of breast plumage and up to 27% showed lesions on at least one foot pad at the end of the fattening period. About 91% of the LD and 56% of the LB chickens showed lesions at the comb and/or wattle at the end of the fattening period, indicating aggressive male-male interactions within these groups. The mean eviscerated carcass weight was almost four times higher for Ross 308 (4.11 kg) than for LB (1.05 kg) and LD (1.03 kg).","PeriodicalId":8106,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Geflugelkunde","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84615561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clostridium perfringens challenge and dietary fat type modifies performance, microbiota composition and histomorphology of the broiler chicken gastrointestinal tract","authors":"D. Josefiak, S. Świątkiewicz, B. Kierończyk, M. Rawski, J. Długosz, R. Engberg, O. Højberg","doi":"10.1399/EPS.2016.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1399/EPS.2016.130","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8106,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Geflugelkunde","volume":"2000 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88313509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenic versus selection effects on growth development, egg laying and egg quality in purebred laying hens","authors":"M. Lieboldt, I. Halle, J. Frahm, L. Schrader, U. Baulain, M. Henning, R. Preisinger, S. Dänicke, S. Weigend","doi":"10.1399/EPS.2015.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1399/EPS.2015.89","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to assess the performance traits of chicken lines with different performance level and phylogenetic origin. Selection for high performances may change unselected traits related to animal health and well-being. However, long before intense selection started to act leading to contemporary high performing genotypes, founder populations on egg laying breeds with white and brown egg shell had been separated for many generations and have evolved independently. We have started to set up a comprehensive collaborative effort at the Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut to approach research question related to the capacity of high selected chicken lines to cope with limited metabolic resources. As a first step, four genotypes of purebred laying hens (WLA, BLA, R11 and L68) were used, which were divided by their divergence in performance and phylogeny. For the first time these genotypes were characterized according to their performance and growth development in the first 16 weeks of age in a rearing trial, a pre-laying period of 6 weeks and a following performance trial of 13 laying months (23 rd to 74 th week of age). The investigated performance traits were significantly affected by genotype, age and their interaction (p ≤ 0.001). As a result of selection for high laying performance, selected strains showed a significantly higher performance than the non-selected ones. The high performing genotypes had an average laying intensity of 85 to 90%, a daily egg mass production of approximately 50 g/hen/d and a feed to egg mass ratio of 2.1 to 2.3 kg/kg. However, the low performing genotypes had an average laying intensity of 52 to 56%, a daily egg mass production of approximately 26 to 31 g/hen/d and a feed to egg mass ratio of approximately 3.0 kg/kg. Concerning average egg weight only R11 (50 g/egg) differed from the other experimental lines (55 to 58 g/egg). Independently of their performance brown hens showed a significantly higher body weight than white hens during the whole trial. \u0000 \u0000Egg quality analyses showed that high performing lines had a significantly higher albumen proportion (57.1 to 62.4%) and a significantly lower yolk proportion (26.8 to 29.8%) than the low performing lines (albumen: 55.3 to 57.4%, yolk: 30.3 to 33.5%). White hens (10.8 to 13.6%) had significantly higher proportion of egg shells than brown hens (10.3 to 12.9%). \u0000 \u0000In summary, the studied genotypes showed clear differences in performance level that made them well suitable for the established experimental design. With that design further studies should be carried out under varying environmental conditions (e.g. feeding, housing, infectious diseases). Thereby the studies will examine the question whether selection on high performance (WLA, BLA) leads to a reduced adaptability to varying environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":8106,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Geflugelkunde","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78274771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The phenotypic interrelationships between feather pecking, being feather pecked, feather eating, feather score, fear, body weight, and egg production traits in a F2- cross of White Leghorn lines selected for high and low severe feather pecking","authors":"S. Bögelein, J. Kjaer, J. Bennewitz, W. Bessei","doi":"10.1399/EPS.2015.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1399/EPS.2015.84","url":null,"abstract":"It is generally assumed that there is a relationship between feather pecking, fear, feather condition and laying performance criteria in laying hens. This hypothesis was tested in a F2-cross of high (HFP) and low (LFP) feather pecking birds of White Leghorn origin. A total of 967 birds were first observed for the number of bouts of severe feather pecks delivered (FPD) and received (FPR) when kept in groups of random composition. The whole population was split for FPD in HFP and LFP using the threshold of ≥ 2 (HFP) and < 2 (LFP). The birds clearly differed in FPD but there was no significant difference for FPR between HFP and LFP. The subgroups were subjected to a pencil test at 29 weeks of age. At 26 weeks and 39 weeks of age body weight was measured and feather condition scored in different body parts (neck, breast, wings, vent and tail) using a scale from 0–4 (0 = worse, 4 = best). In addition the birds were tested for their feather eating behaviour and their laying performance criteria (hen-day egg production %, egg weight, feed consumption per day and FCR) at 29 weeks of age. In contrast to our expectation HFP birds showed a significant better plumage condition at 39 weeks of age than LFP birds. There were differences in feather scores at both ages for wings and tail. There were no differences between subgroups in the body weight at neither age. There were also no differences in the pencil test. But HFP birds showed a significant higher number of eaten feathers than LFP birds. This is in line with many other studies. But the difference was not as large as reported in previous studies. In contrast to our expectation there were no significant differences between the subgroups in performance, feed intake and FCR although LFP birds showed a significant poorer feather condition than HFP birds at 39 weeks of age. There were, however, negative correlations between feather score, performance, feed consumption and FCR within subgroups.Obviously there is no consistent relationships between feather pecking, fear, feather condition and performance criteria.","PeriodicalId":8106,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Geflugelkunde","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81371282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}