Annals of Hematology最新文献

{"title":"Management of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria with low-level hemolysis in pregnancy- a report of two cases.","authors":"Julia Riedl, Michael Pfeilstöcker, Alex Farr, Günther Häusler, Cihan Ay, Wolfgang Füreder","doi":"10.1007/s00277-024-06086-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-024-06086-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnant women with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) are at high risk for life-threatening thromboembolism. Therapy with the complement inhibitor eculizumab is able to mitigate thrombotic risks in PNH and to improve pregnancy outcomes. However, whether PNH with low-level hemolysis in pregnancy can be safely managed without complement inhibition is unclear.Here, we describe two pregnant patients with PNH in the setting of bone marrow failure and low-level hemolysis with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) < 1.5 x upper limit of normal [ULN]. In both patients, management consisted solely of prophylactic anticoagulation, without the use of complement inhibition. Both pregnancies ended successfully without thromboembolic complications.We conclude that in pregnant patients with PNH and low-level hemolysis (i.e. LDH < 1.5 x ULN), management with close monitoring and prophylactic anticoagulation only, without use of complement inhibition, might be a reasonable strategy. More data to guide optimal management of pregnant women with PNH are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"mTOR inhibitors potentially preserve fertility in female patients with haematopoietic malignancies: a narrative review.","authors":"Yuji Tanaka, Tsukuru Amano, Akiko Nakamura, Mari Deguchi, Akimasa Takahashi, Shunichiro Tsuji, Takashi Murakami","doi":"10.1007/s00277-024-06090-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-024-06090-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haematologic malignancies are considered among the more common adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancers. Many female AYA patients with haematopoietic malignancies face impaired fertility. Haematologic malignancies patients tend to be treated with more aggressive systemic chemotherapy than that of solid tumours. In adult women, treatment-related contraception causes age-related fertility loss. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is associated with decreased fertility. Ovarian cryopreservation is often indicated for haematopoietic malignancies; however, follicle loss associated with ovarian cryopreservation and ovarian minimal residual disease, which result in the withdrawal of the transplantation, are important issues. These problems may not be fully addressed by conventional methods of fertility preservation, such as oocyte, embryo, and ovarian cryopreservation, leaving room for research into new treatment approaches, such as fertility preservation drugs. In recent years, preclinical studies have shown that mTOR inhibitors may preserve chemotherapy-induced follicular loss, may have follicle-preserving effects on follicle loss associated with cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian tissue, may have fertility-preserving effects on aging-related infertility. Clinical studies have shown that mTOR inhibitors may have the potential for indirect fertility preservation by controlling GVHD, have a limited anti-tumor effect against haematopoietic malignancies. The purpose of this article is to outline the various issues faced by female survivors of haematopoietic malignancies and discuss the potential of mTOR inhibitors as a safe treatment option. Based on current research, mTOR inhibitors seem promising and innovative fertility preservation agents regarding preclinical conditions, and further study, including clinical trials, should be expected.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed-phenotype leukemia with TCF3::ZNF384 fusion presenting as an isolated mediastinal mass.","authors":"Wing-Yan Au, Chit Chow, Ka-Fai To, Edmond S K Ma, Eugene C L Yeung, Wai-Lun Yip, Helen M H Chan, Harinder Gill","doi":"10.1007/s00277-024-06042-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-024-06042-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute leukemia with TCF3::ZNF384 is a distinct type of acute leukemia that present most commonly as B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia or mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (B/myeloid). We report the first case of TCF3::ZNF384 mixed-phenotype leukemia presenting as isolated extramedullary disease in the mediastinum. Diagnosis using RNA-sequencing and whole genome sequencing on the primary issue is illustrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early dFLC response by C1D7 predicts complete hematologic response in systemic AL amyloidosis.","authors":"Yang Liu, Jingyi Bi, Xuelin Dou, Nan Peng, Lei Wen, Yanqiu Zhao, Xiaojun Huang, Jin Lu","doi":"10.1007/s00277-024-06077-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-024-06077-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Daratumumab and bortezomib, the first-line drugs for AL amyloidosis, typically yield a complete hematologic response (CHR) rate of nearly 60% when used in combinations. An early achievement of CHR is crucial in amyloidosis. We retrospectively evaluated the relationship between dFLC (the difference between free light chain) reduction by Day 7 in Cycle 1 (C1D7) and CHR, organ response, and survival in 48 newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis patients receiving daratumumab, bortezomib, and dexamethasone. The CHR rate within six months was 66.7%. Using Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve curve analysis, we predicted CHR based on a dFLC reduction in C1D7 (67.0% change, optimal sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 81.3%). We introduce the novel concept of \"rapid hematologic dFLC response\", defined as a reduction in dFLC levels ≥ 67% in C1D7. The CHR rate in rapid responders' groups was higher than that in slow responders' group (90.3% vs. 23.5%, P<0.01). After a median follow-up of 19 months (range: 0.3-57), the renal response rate in rapid responders was higher than that in slow responders (72.0% vs. 27.5%, P = 0.025). The median major organ deterioration event-free survival in the rapid responders' group (not reached) was significantly superior to that in the slow responders' group (19 m, 95% CI: 1.79-23.14 m, P = 0.048). In conclusion, early dFLC reduction in C1D7 indicates a high possibility of CHR and organ response and may allow for early modification of therapy in selected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of teclistamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Zaheer Qureshi, Abdur Jamil, Faryal Altaf, Rimsha Siddique, Faizan Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s00277-024-06078-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-024-06078-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To synthesize the evidence on the efficacy and safety of teclistamab in treating relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). A systematic search for records published from inception until June 2024 was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases. Five studies with 661 RRMM patients were included in the analysis. The pooled results showed that teclistamab led to an overall response rate (ORR) of 62.8% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 58.6-66.8), a ≥ very good partial response or better (VGPR) of 52.1% (95% CI: 46.8-57.3), and a ≥ complete response or better (CR) of 29.5% (95% CI: 21.9-38.4). When the ORR was assessed in different subgroups, we found that patients with extramedullary disease (EMD) had considerably lower ORR than those without EMD (45% vs. 71%, p < 0.0001). The ORR was significantly lower in patients with prior (B-cell maturation antigen) BCMA-directed therapy (OR: 2.24, p = 0.002) and those with stage III disease (OR: 3.69, p = 0.0001). However, the subgroup analyses showed no considerable difference in the ORR between patients with high or standard-risk cytogenetics (OR: 1.05 p = 0.82) and those with penta-drug or triple-class-refractory disease (OR: 0.97 p = 0.89). Regarding the safety of teclistamab, the pooled results showed that the incidence of grade ≥ 3 adverse events was high (90.7%). However, grade ≥ 3 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxic events were low (1.5% and 2.2%, respectively). RRMM patients treated with teclistamab display good response rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune checkpoints PD1/PDL1, TIM3/GAL9 and key immune mediators landscape reveal differential expression dynamics on imatinib response in chronic myeloid leukemia.","authors":"María Jazmín Toloza, Marco Lincango, María Fernanda Camacho, Martin Manuel Ledesma, Alicia Enrico, Beatriz Moiraghi, Fernanda Tosin, Romina Mariano, Mariel Pérez, Pedro Negri Aranguren, María Elisa Riva, Irene B Larripa, Carolina B Belli","doi":"10.1007/s00277-024-06074-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-024-06074-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The immune system of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients is severely impaired, hampering anti-tumor responses, and maximal immune recovery occurs after achieving deep molecular responses to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This study aimed to discern the expression patterns of NCR2, IL2, IL4, EOMES, FOXP3, GATA3, RORGT, PD1/PDL1 and TIM3/GAL9, expanding our previous dataset up to 19 key immune mediators, during the initial year on imatinib. Gene expression dynamics were evaluated in 171 peripheral blood samples from 89 CML patients, including 43 longitudinally monitored individuals, and 52 healthy donors. Univariate and unsupervised analyses confirmed diminished expression of most studied immune mediators, except for TNF, ARG1 and IL4, differentiating between baseline and 3-month samples. Most of the studied mediators normalized along treatment, with a transient increase of TNF and IL6 levels at 3-months, especially in optimal responders (BCR::ABL1 < 0.1%). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed heightened ARG1 levels and a transition from PD1/PDL1 dominance at 3 months to TIM3/GAL9 at 12 months in non-optimal responders (BCR::ABL1 ≥ 0.1%). Our longitudinal design offers a deeper exploration of immune gene expression dynamics in CML patients on imatinib, highlighting its potential implications for therapy outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different doses of rituximab on immunoglobulin levels in high-risk pediatrics with Burkitt's lymphoma.","authors":"Shuang Huang, Ying Li, Yixin Sun, Yaguang Peng, Ling Jin, Jing Yang, Yonghong Zhang, Xiaoling Wang, Yanlong Duan","doi":"10.1007/s00277-024-06059-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-024-06059-2","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Studies have confirmed that rituximab (RTX) can improve the efficacy of BL, but there is a certain effect on the level of immunoglobulin, which will lead to the verification of infection, and the previous study of our center has confirmed that reducing the dose of RTX (4 doses) can achieve a similar effect to the standard dose of RTX (6 doses), can it reduce the effect on the level of immunoglobulin? To date, few studies have concentrated on the effects of immunoglobulin (Ig) on Chinese paediatric patients. This study aimed to examine whether there is a variation in the impact of different doses of RTX on immunoglobulin levels in the high-risk group of children with BL. Clinical data of high-risk pediatric patients with BL who were treated in Beijing Children's Hospital (Beijing, China) were retrospectively analysed. Baseline characteristics and serum Ig levels were collected at four distinct time points (t0 = pre-chemotherapy, t1 = at the end of chemotherapy, t2 = 6 months post-chemotherapy, t3 = 12 months post-chemotherapy). Ig levels were measured at various time points before and after treatment within three RTX treatment groups: R0 group (standard chemotherapy without RTX), R6 group (6 doses of RTX + chemotherapy), and R4 group (4 doses of RTX + chemotherapy). The objective was to compare whether differences existed among the three groups. The results revealed that the study enrolled 300 high-risk BL patients, including 256 boys and 44 girls, distributed across three groups based on RTX dosage: R0 group (n = 38), R6 group (n = 87), and R4 group (n = 175). Median Ig levels were assessed at four time points (t0, t1, t2, t3) for each group. In the R0 group, IgA and IgM levels significantly decreased at t1 compared with t0 (P = 0.006 and 0.002, respectively), while were gradually recovered at t2, returning to t0 levels at t3 (P = 0.073 and 0.293, respectively). IgG levels exhibited no significant difference between t0 and t1 (P = 0.89), reaching their lowest levels at t2 and returning to t0 levels at t3 (P = 0.14). In the R4 group, the minimum levels of IgA, IgM, and IgG were identified at t1 (P &lt; 0.001, &lt; 0.001, and &lt; 0.001, respectively), which were gradually recovered at t2, while remained lower than t0 levels at t3 (P &lt; 0.001, &lt; 0.001, and = 0.005, respectively). The R6 group exhibited reduction in IgA and IgM levels at t1, with gradual recovery at t2 and t3, while remained lower than t0 levels (P = 0.003 and &lt; 0.001, respectively). IgG levels in the R6 group decreased at t1 (P &lt; 0.001) and did not return to t0 levels at t3 (P = 0.004). In the R4 and R6 groups, it was observed that children with hypogammaglobulinemia pre-RTX were more likely to combine with persistent hypogammaglobulinemia (PH-Ig) post-RTX. A 1:1 matched comparison between R4 and R6 groups (78 patients each) revealed consistently higher IgA, IgM, and IgG levels in the R4 group at each time point after chemotherapy. Notably, IgA and IgG levels recovered earlier in the R","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The metabolic role of lactate dehydrogenase in the growth of diffuse large B cell lymphoma.","authors":"Jialin Zhang, Qifeng Lu, Wei Liu, Na Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s00277-024-06083-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-024-06083-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) activation induces tumorigenesis by activating tumor proliferation, growth, invasion, and metastasis. Whether LDHA mediates tumor metabolism that upon diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) occur remains unknown. Here, we investigated how LDHA adopt tumor metabolism after activation to regulate DLBCL-inducible. We investigated LDHA is highly expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of DLBCL patients. Knockdown of LDHA results in an increase in the apoptosis of cells, suppression of cell growth and migration in OCI-Ly1 and OCI-Ly10 cells. We show that LDHA gains a canonical enzyme activity to produce lactate and triggers NAD + in DLBCL cells. Furthermore, p-STAT5 was identified as a downstream target of LDHA, and the p-STAT5 protein level was significantly reduced related to decreased LDHA protein expression. Collectively, our findings identify the oncogenic role of LDHA in DLBCL and suggest that LDHA can be considered as a pivotal prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial effects of cellular immunotherapy in the prevention and treatment of posttransplant hematologic relapse of myelodysplastic neoplasms.","authors":"Gi-June Min, Sung Soo Park, Silvia Park, Jae-Ho Yoon, Sung-Eun Lee, Byung Sik Cho, Ki-Seong Eom, Hee-Je Kim, Seok Lee, Chang-Ki Min, Seok-Goo Cho, Yoo-Jin Kim","doi":"10.1007/s00277-024-06060-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-024-06060-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the only curative option for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). However, relapse remains the primary cause of transplantation failure. This single-center study aimed to evaluate factors influencing therapeutic interventions to prevent overt relapse of MDS and to identify treatment approaches that ensure optimal response and safety. We enrolled 149 patients with relapsed MDS who had undergone allo-HSCT between May 2009 and December 2017, among whom 87 patients had hematologic relapse (HemRel; marrow blasts ≥ 5%, blasts in peripheral blood or dysplasia fulfilling MDS diagnostic criteria) and 62 patients had pre-HemRel; pre-HemRel included imminent (n = 28; donor chimerism ≤ 95%), WT1-based molecular (n = 17; WT1 transcript > 250 copies/10⁴ABL1), and cytogenetic (n = 17; recurrence of chromosomal aberrations) relapses. The estimated 4-year overall survival (OS) rate from the time of relapse was 44.1% among 62 pre-HemRel patients. However, the OS rate was significantly lower in 87 HemRel patients. In a multivariate analysis, preemptive use of cellular immunotherapy (cIMTx, either donor lymphocyte infusion, second allo-HSCT, or both) emerged as an independent factor in preventing HemRel and was more effective, particularly in the presence of other unfavorable factors, such as the absence of chronic graft-versus-host disease and a higher-risk group based on the MDS-transplantation prognostic scoring system. In HemRel, using cIMTx demonstrated a significantly superior OS rate compared to non-cIMTx modalities (25.8% vs. 6.1% vs. 0%, P < .001). In summary, cIMTx demonstrated superior outcomes in both pre-HemRel and HemRel groups, proving particularly advantageous in pre-HemRel cases with progression risk factors, while its benefits remained consistent in HemRel cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 infection in children with blood cancer: A systematic review.","authors":"Saad Alhumaid, Khalid Al Noaim, Anwar A Almuslim, Jamela A Turkistani, Zainab Sabri Alqurini, Abdullah Mohammed Alshakhs, Nourah Al Dossary, Muneera Alabdulqader, Rabab Abbas Majzoub, Abdulrahman A Alnaim, Abdulaziz A Alahmari, Mohammed A Al Ghamdi, Wafa Alabdulmohsen, Zakaria Ali Alsharidah, Munther Saleh Alkhamees, Laith Abbas AlAithan, Abdulaziz Ahmed Almurayhil, Yousuf Ahmed Almurayhil, Hassan Abdullah Aljubran, Zahra Salman Alhamdan, Maitham Abdullah Shabib, Ali Wasel Aldandan, Abduljaleel Ahmed Allowaim, Ali Younis Al-Rasasi, Ahlam Ayesh Albahrani, Btol Ali Al Salem, Mugdad Saleem Bukhamseen, Jinan Sadiq Al Ayeyd, Abbas Al Mutair, Hesham Alhumaid, Zainab Al Alawi, Ali A Rabaan","doi":"10.1007/s00277-024-06057-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-024-06057-4","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Blood cancer is the most common type of cancer and the leading cause of death by disease past infancy among children. Children with blood cancer are vulnerable population to viral infections such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To estimate the incidence of COVID-19 in children with blood cancer and analyse the demographic parameters, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in children with blood cancer with COVID-19 illness.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline and searched ProQuest, Medline, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, Wiley online library, Scopus and Nature for studies on the development of COVID-19 in children with blood cancer, published from December 1, 2019 to April 30, 2023, with English language restriction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Of the 3077 papers that were identified, 155 articles were included in the systematic review (83 case report, 54 cohort and 18 case-series studies). Studies involving 1289 children with blood cancer with confirmed COVID-19 were analysed. Leukaemias (1141 cases) were the most frequent types of blood cancer observed in children who developed COVID-19, followed by non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (59 cases), Hodgkin's lymphomas (36 cases), Langerhans cell histiocytosis (7 cases), myelodysplastic syndrome (7 cases) and myeloid neoplasm (1 case). Among all 1289 blood cancer paediatric cases who transmitted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), some children were documented to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (n = 175, 13.6%), intubated and placed on mechanical ventilation (MV) (n = 111, 8.6%), suffered acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (n = 144, 11.2%) or died (n = 111, 8.6%). Overall, COVID-19 in children with different types of blood cancer resulted in no or low severity of disease in 78.6% of all included cases (COVID-19 severity: asymptomatic = 238, mild = 601, or moderate = 171). Treatment for COVID-19 was not necessary in a small number of children with blood cancer (n = 94, 7.3%). Fatality in children with blood cancer with COVID-19 was reported in any of the included blood cancer categories for leukaemias (n = 99/1141, 8.7%), non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (n = 7/59, 11.9%), Hodgkin's lymphomas (n = 2/36, 5.5%), myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 1/7, 14.3%) or myeloid neoplasm (n = 1/1, 100%). Fatality rate in children with blood cancer infected with SARS-CoV-2 was the highest in patients with Hispanic ethnicity (n = 44/111, 39.6%) and COVID-19-related fatality was highest in male patients (76.5% of deceased patients). Most studies reported to alter the intensity and regimen of anticancer treatment in children with blood cancer during course of SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, many studies have reported to successfully treat COVID-19 without any changes to the anticancer treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclus","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142574890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}