Applied Geochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Diavik Waste Rock Project: Post-emplacement investigation of sulfide weathering from a deconstructed experimental waste-rock pile","authors":"Colleen Atherton ,&nbsp;David Wilson ,&nbsp;Steven P. Holland ,&nbsp;Katherine E. Raymond ,&nbsp;David R. Barsi ,&nbsp;Jordan Zak ,&nbsp;Leslie Smith ,&nbsp;David C. Sego ,&nbsp;Richard T. Amos ,&nbsp;Dogan Paktunc ,&nbsp;Carol J. Ptacek ,&nbsp;David W. Blowes","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2025.106293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2025.106293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deconstruction of a 15 m high low-sulfide (0.035 wt% S) experimental waste-rock pile was conducted to obtain a dense, spatially located sample set for characterization of the solid-phase mineralogy, microbiological community composition, and pore-water geochemistry. The experimental test pile, located in northern Canada, was deconstructed 8 years after construction. Pore-water with low pH was generally associated with elevated concentrations of SO₄ and dissolved metals. Regions of differing pH were present within the test pile, indicating heterogeneous distribution of sulfide and carbonate minerals. Most probable number analysis showed that neutrophilic sulfur oxidizing bacteria were the most consistently prolific of populations associated with acid mine drainage at the time of deconstruction. The mineralogical evolution was examined through comparison of unweathered samples collected at the time of pile construction to weathered samples collected during the deconstruction phase. This analysis indicated that the C content of the waste rock was depleted, but the total S content of the waste rock remained relatively unchanged. Neutralization potential ratios calculated using C and total S indicate that regions of low paste pH (as low as 4.0) were generally consistent with the presence of material classified as potentially acid generating or of uncertain acid generating potential. The deconstruction study shows that variable conditions exist within the test pile (e.g., sharp changes in pH over a few meters) suggesting that waste-rock heterogeneity has influenced the geochemical evolution of the pore water within the test pile.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8064,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geochemistry","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical characteristics of borehole cores and their indicative significance for gas hydrates in the permafrost area, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","authors":"Yalong Zhou ,&nbsp;Shunyao Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhibin Yang ,&nbsp;Fugui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The formation of gas hydrates in the permafrost zone of the Tibetan Plateau is complicated, so it is difficult to achieve significant breakthrough in gas hydrate exploration. In this paper, we compare the geochemical anomalies in different drill holes, with a view to elucidating their indicative roles in migration and accumulation of gas hydrate and hydrocarbon. The results demonstrate that the acidysis hydrocarbon and fluorescence spectra of the borehole in the discovered hydrate area show obvious enrichment characteristics, with significantly higher anomaly intensity than that in the borehole where no hydrate samples are found. The geochemical anomalies have obvious response characteristics with the cracks or fracture zones. The hydrocarbon genesis analysis indicates that the dominant cause is pyrolysis. The anomalies of acid hydrocarbon methane, methane carbon isotopes and fluorescence spectra can be used as indicators of natural gas hydrate and its transport and aggregation. The effective time and space configuration of the reservoir elements including gas source, migration and concentration, and permafrost conditions is crucial to the eventual formation of natural gas hydrate in the study region. The research can lay a foundation for future gas hydrate exploration in the Tibetan Plateau permafrost region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8064,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geochemistry","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of radionuclides in soils of drainage basin/cerrado biome and their relationship with the land occupation and use model","authors":"Hudson Moraes Rocha ,&nbsp;João Batista Pereira Cabral ,&nbsp;Fernanda Luisa Ramalho ,&nbsp;Assunção Andrade de Barcelos ,&nbsp;Patrícia da Silva Gomes ,&nbsp;Valter Antonio Becegato ,&nbsp;Alexandre Tadeu Paulino","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is essential to know the level of radiation in the environment to develop and implement control programs to protect humans from exposure to high levels of contamination. As cerrado soils contain heavy metals and radionuclides in their composition due to agricultural activities, the objective of this study was to evaluate the concentrations and distributions of radionuclides such as potassium (⁴⁰K), uranium (²³⁸U), and thorium (²³²Th) in the soils of the cerrado biome of the Bonito River drainage basin, and their relationship with the land occupation and use model. Gamma-ray spectrometric measurements were performed at 38 sampling points in this study. The highest three concentrations of radionuclides were detected at points 14, 16 and 32 for ²³⁸U (209.03, 221.35 and 224.28 Bq kg⁻¹), at points 21, 20 and 32 for ²³²Th (133.53, 148.08 and 154.30 Bq kg⁻¹), and at points 8, 32 and 13 for ⁴⁰K (381.23, 470.75 and 698.93 Bq kg⁻¹). In the analysis of variance at 5% probability level for the factors of rock lithology and particle size of the soils, the concentrations and distributions of the radionuclides were significant. The first component of the principal component analysis (PCA), and the basic cations calcium (Ca²⁺), magnesium (Mg²⁺) and potassium (K⁺) showed high correlation. It indicates the importance of cationic macronutrients in plant nutrition. The results of this study proved to be valuable for explaining and understanding the presence and distribution of ⁴⁰K, ²³⁸U and ²³²Th in drainage basins on cerrado biomes in relation to the different natural and anthropogenic aspects of the landscape. In this sense, it was considered that clay-textured soils have higher chemical retention capacities of radioactive species. This could be useful for evaluating the radionuclide pollution in drainage basins of different regions around the world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8064,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geochemistry","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 106253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ThermoChimie database: Comparison with other databases and example calculations for radionuclides and chemo-toxic elements","authors":"E. Colàs ,&nbsp;J. Rodríguez-Mestres ,&nbsp;D. Pérez ,&nbsp;R. Mas ,&nbsp;P.F. dos Santos ,&nbsp;D. García ,&nbsp;L. Duro ,&nbsp;W. Bower ,&nbsp;S. Brassinnes ,&nbsp;B. Madé","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Results of a recent benchmarking exercise for the thermodynamic database ThermoChimie (<span><span>www.thermochimie-tdb.com</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), focused on radionuclides and chemo-toxic elements, are described. This benchmarking is largely based on the comparison of calculated solubility and associated aqueous speciation in solutions representative of clay or cement porewaters. Those exercises help to check if the selected thermodynamic data are accurate and consistent and contribute to identify if all relevant aqueous species and solid phases are included in the database. The comparison has shown some specific cases for which estimations provide a useful tool to cover data gaps, especially those related to temperature effects. Also, it has highlighted that the possibility of improvement of some data sets is dependent on the availability of reliable and accurate experimental information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8064,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geochemistry","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 106256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hindering the applicability of the authigenic 10Be/9Be dating by redeposition of mud in hybrid event beds, eastern Danube Basin, Slovakia","authors":"Michal Šujan ,&nbsp;Kishan Aherwar ,&nbsp;Katarína Šarinová ,&nbsp;Tomáš Vlček ,&nbsp;Andrej Chyba ,&nbsp;Natália Hudáčková ,&nbsp;Michal Jamrich ,&nbsp;Marianna Kováčová ,&nbsp;AsterTeam ,&nbsp;Orsolya Sztanó","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The authigenic ¹⁰Be/⁹Be dating method is a relatively new geochronological technique that shows great potential for use in epicontinental sedimentary successions, largely due to its ability to date ubiquitous mud. However, the factors influencing the applicability of this method are not yet fully understood, which limits its robust application. This study presents the first direct evidence that deep-water mud redeposition can lead to significantly older authigenic ¹⁰Be/⁹Be ages, with an offset of ca. 2 Myr in the studied example. The redeposition generated hybrid event beds (products of mixed gravity flows) on the Late Miocene basin floor of Lake Pannon. The source material for redeposition was the Middle Miocene successions exposed on the lake bottom, as indicated by reworked foraminiferal and calcareous nannoplankton fossils, as well as inorganic and organic geochemical proxies. This case study suggests that a thorough understanding of depositional processes and paleogeographic settings is essential when proposing future authigenic ¹⁰Be/⁹Be dating sampling strategies, to avoid the influence of deep-water mud redeposition by hybrid event beds. Additionally, a notable shift in geochemical signature was observed between syn- and post-rift phases. During the ca. 6 Myr-long rifting, sediment recycling and local provenance were dominant from the rifted basin margins, while the post-rift stage marked the onset of a regional-scale sediment routing system. Notably, organic matter preserved its compositional signature of the redeposited successions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8064,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geochemistry","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 106254"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The molecular composition of soil dissolved organic matter regulated by reactive mineral-associated organic matter under a broad range of climates","authors":"Yang Ding ,&nbsp;Zhenqing Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic matter retained by reactive minerals constitutes an essential mechanism for long-term storage of carbon in soil, a process that is governed by climate factors. However, how the reactive mineral-associated organic matter affects the composition of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) across a broad range of climates remains unclear. In this study, the contents of reactive minerals and their associated organic matter were determined by the chemical extraction method. Moreover, the effects of organic matter retained by reactive minerals on soil DOM composition were investigated at molecular level across a wide environmental gradient, by employing Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, solid-state ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance and statistical analyses. The results of FT-ICR-MS and correlation analyses indicated that the relative abundances of carbohydrates and proteins/amino sugars decreased, while the relative abundance of condensed aromatics increased with the increase of the content of organic matter retained by reactive minerals per unit mass (i.e., (OC)_RN) in soils. We highlighted that the adsorption and dissolution processes of DOM molecules, especially aromatic molecules, on reactive minerals played crucial roles in regulating the molecular composition of DOM in soil solution. Furthermore, (OC)_RN was controlled by climate-driven chemical weathering (e.g., precipitation). Our results imply that (OC)_RN is a key variable for regulating soil DOM composition under the impacts of climates, and can be used in developing prediction models for carbon cycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8064,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geochemistry","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 106261"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental field study of basic mechanisms underlying dissolved 137Cs seasonal variations in ponds heavily contaminated after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident","authors":"Alexei Konoplev ,&nbsp;Honoka Kurosawa ,&nbsp;Yoshifumi Wakiyama ,&nbsp;Yasunori Igarashi ,&nbsp;Volodymyr Kanivets ,&nbsp;Kenji Nanba","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Presented are results of field study of dissolved ¹³⁷Cs seasonal variations in two ponds of the close vicinity of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant contaminated after the accident in March 2011. Two mechanisms were investigated which can possibly explain regular seasonal variations of dissolved ¹³⁷Cs concentrations in ponds: temperature dependence of ¹³⁷Cs desorption from sediments to solution, and ion-exchange remobilization of ¹³⁷Cs by cations of ammonium generated by decomposition of organic matter. A process-level model of dissolved ¹³⁷Cs seasonal variations accounting for these two mechanisms was proposed and a correspondent equation describing ¹³⁷Cs seasonality was suggested. The activation energy of ¹³⁷Cs desorption from sediments for the two ponds is close to each other, being 30 kJ/mol and 24.6 kJ/mol and close to those obtained in laboratory experiments. Unlike Fukushima rivers, shallow and fast flowing, and hence with negligible ammonium concentration, in the stagnated waters of the studied ponds the role of ammonium in ¹³⁷Cs mobilization seems to be comparable with that of water temperature, or even be prevalent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8064,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geochemistry","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid-rock reaction path modeling of uranium mobility in granite-related mineralization: A case study from the Variscan South Armorican Domain","authors":"Khaled Bock ,&nbsp;Yannick Branquet ,&nbsp;Olivier Pourret ,&nbsp;Philippe Boulvais","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mobilization of uranium in granite-related systems presents a complex interplay of chemical and hydrodynamic factors. This is particularly obvious within syn-orogenic detachment zones where <em>per descensum</em> surface-derived fluids interact with <em>per ascensum</em> deeply sourced hydrothermal fluids. In this study, we employ a thermo-hydro-chemical (TH-C) modeling approach to explore the multifaceted processes that govern uranium transport and deposition in such environments. Our findings indicate that uranium mobility is not solely determined by the oxidizing nature of the percolating surface-derived fluids. Actually, the oxidation-reduction potential of these fluids varies as they flow in the crust, ultimately adjusting towards more neutral or mildly reducing conditions conducive to uranium dissolution and precipitation. Even in the presence of magnetite, which enhances the reductive potential of the fluids, uranium continues to dissolve, albeit in much smaller quantities, with U(IV) being the predominant species in the aqueous phase. The study highlights the crucial roles of temperature, pH, and fluid/rock interaction ratios in influencing uranium leaching efficacy. High fluid/rock ratios enhance uranium extraction from source rocks. A fluid/rock ratio around 1 is optimal, maximizing the dissolution of uranium-bearing minerals in the source rock and promoting the precipitation of uranium minerals in different locations along the fluid pathway due to changes in fluid chemistry. The TH-C modeling has the potential to be applied to a variety of other uranium deposits, developed below 300 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8064,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geochemistry","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106241"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sources and fates of NO3− and PO43− in an alluvial plain wetland - Insights from the Auzon oxbow and the alluvial aquifer of the Allier (Auvergne, France)","authors":"Cyril Aumar ,&nbsp;Hélène Celle ,&nbsp;Mélanie Quenet ,&nbsp;Olivier Voldoire ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Allain ,&nbsp;Alexandre Garreau ,&nbsp;Nicolas Caillon ,&nbsp;Pierre Nevers ,&nbsp;Jean-Luc Devidal ,&nbsp;Gilles Mailhot ,&nbsp;Aude Beauger","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The continental hydrosystems of wetlands play fundamental socio-economic and environmental roles in all aquatic environments. These ecosystems, when located at the interface between surface and groundwater, such as oxbows, are of crucial importance in regulating water and nutrient flows. They help control water quality and provide ideal habitats for often fragile species. The transfer of contaminants into the different compartments of the groundwater-wetland-river continuum is difficult to characterize because they are most often of different types and origins within the same hydrosystem. The objective of this study is to characterize water quality and water exchange using a multi-tracer approach combining monthly hydrochemical monitoring, isotopic characterization of NO₃⁻ molecules (δ¹⁸O_NO3 and δ¹⁵N_NO3) and concentration of chemical micropollutant particles. This methodology is applied to a fluvial annex of the Allier River, the Auzon oxbow hydrosystem, subject to moderate environmental and anthropogenic pressure (low level of industrialization and urbanization, mixed conventional farming). Nitrate (NO₃⁻) and phosphate (PO₄³⁻) concentrations do not behave in the same way over time: NO₃⁻ has a seasonal dynamic, whereas phosphates are disconnected from the hydrological regime. Some subsystems of the Auzon oxbow are undergoing denitrification, demonstrating the importance of preserving these environments for their nutrient regulation potential. As for chemical micropollutants and PO₄³⁻, the low overall concentration of these two contaminants, coupled with the high dilution potential of the Auzon oxbow hydrosystem, means that average concentrations remain within acceptable standards for surface waters. Based on these results, the Auzon hydrosystem is maintaining good ecological quality despite nutrient flows from multiple sources. The multi-tracer approach used in this study demonstrates its effectiveness in determining the origin of nutrients, and it could be applied to other studies in contexts where environmental and societal pressures are significantly higher.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8064,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geochemistry","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 106270"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated mercury (Hg) in groundwater caused by oil and gas production","authors":"Dogo Lawrence Aleku ,&nbsp;Harald Biester ,&nbsp;Thomas Pichler","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Between 1965 and 2017, the Port Harcourt Refining Company (PHRC) refined crude oil in the eastern Niger Delta and groundwater hydrocarbon contamination in the area is known. However, nothing is known about the concentration, source, speciation and mobility of mercury (Hg), a potential byproduct of oil refining. To address this, groundwater samples were collected along the wastewater discharge outlet (WDO) and around the PHRC. The Hg concentrations in groundwater near the WDO varied between 0.2 and 6 μg/L, compared to less than 0.01 μg/L at distances greater than 300 m from the WDO and reference sites away from the refinery. Up to 63 % of Hg were present as Hg bound to particles larger than 0.45 μm (Hg_part), suggesting the prevalence of Hg transport in the suspended colloidal phase in the aquifer. Operational-defined Hg speciation shows that 33 % of the total Hg (THg) occurred as inorganic, reactive Hg²⁺. In comparison, only 4 % occurred as dissolved organic matter-bound Hg²⁺ despite high DOC and BTEX concentrations of up to 47 mg/L and 2888 μg/L, respectively. Notably, the DOC is predominantly petroleum hydrocarbon, generated from the ongoing oil and gas activities at the site. This suggests that hydrocarbon-based-DOC does not bind Hg.</div><div>Sediment samples collected from the wastewater discharge point (WDP) contained Hg concentrations of up to 529 μg/kg, and the carbon (C) content reached 40 %. Sediment batch leaching experiments showed that up to 23.5 % of the Hg in the quartz-dominant sediment can be mobilized into groundwater under oxic conditions. Despite the presence of petroleum hydrocarbon, Hg retention was significantly controlled by the sediment's natural organic matter (NOM). Hence, the discharged oil and gas production wastewater due to crude oil refining released Hg into the aquifer, where NOM ultimately controls fate and transport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8064,"journal":{"name":"Applied Geochemistry","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 106259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}