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Creation of an alternate reality: The organization and propaganda activities of the government of national salvation from 1941 until 1944 创造另一种现实:1941年至1944年救国政府的组织和宣传活动
Balcanica (Rome, Italy) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/balc2253185m
Marijana Mraović
{"title":"Creation of an alternate reality: The organization and propaganda activities of the government of national salvation from 1941 until 1944","authors":"Marijana Mraović","doi":"10.2298/balc2253185m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/balc2253185m","url":null,"abstract":"The complexity and rise of the awareness of the importance of propaganda in the Second World War, alongside improvements in the means of mass communication, influenced the emergence of institutional propaganda actions of the wartime collaborationist regime in the territory of occupied Serbia. The paper is primarily based on archive material from the Military Archives of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Serbia. It also includes an analysis of the methods and models of the propaganda collaborationist administration and its representatives in the period of the Council of Commissars, as well as the ?Government of National Salvation? during the entire period of occupation. It describes the formation and work of the Section for State Propaganda and its connection with the German propaganda machine, in addition to highlighting some peculiarities of the propaganda placed in the public of the occupied Serbia.","PeriodicalId":80613,"journal":{"name":"Balcanica (Rome, Italy)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87934921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The opening of the Italian legation in Belgrade in 1879 and relations between Serbs and Italians in the 19th century 1879年意大利在贝尔格莱德设立公使馆，以及19世纪塞尔维亚人和意大利人的关系
Balcanica (Rome, Italy) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/balc2253079a
A. D'alessandri
{"title":"The opening of the Italian legation in Belgrade in 1879 and relations between Serbs and Italians in the 19th century","authors":"A. D'alessandri","doi":"10.2298/balc2253079a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/balc2253079a","url":null,"abstract":"This essay focuses on the opening of the Italian diplomatic Legation in Belgrade in 1879 after the Serbia?s independence. This new beginning of the Serbian-Italian political relations is seen in the framework of the reorientation of the Italian foreign policy after the fall of the French Second Empire and the rise of the Imperial Germany. A great role in this process was played by Count Giuseppe Tornielli Brusati di Vergano, former Secretary General of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Italian Kingdom. He was entrusted to open the Italian Legation in Belgrade and in Bucharest, thus inaugurating a new phase of the Italian action in South-eastern Europe and the Eastern affairs. This question is analyzed in a broader chronological space such as the long tradition of cultural and political exchanges between Serbs and Italians during the epoch of the national Risorgimento.","PeriodicalId":80613,"journal":{"name":"Balcanica (Rome, Italy)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84075862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Yugoslav-Italian foreign trade relations 1919-1939 and the Yugoslav industry: The import of textile products from Italy 南斯拉夫-意大利对外贸易关系1919-1939年和南斯拉夫工业:从意大利进口纺织品
Balcanica (Rome, Italy) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/balc2253167r
Jelena Rafailovic
{"title":"Yugoslav-Italian foreign trade relations 1919-1939 and the Yugoslav industry: The import of textile products from Italy","authors":"Jelena Rafailovic","doi":"10.2298/balc2253167r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/balc2253167r","url":null,"abstract":"Yugoslav-Italian relations between two world wars, besides the diplomatic-political, also had a very significant economic aspect. Italy was one of the most important foreign trade partners of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and this paper will explore the trade exchange between the two countries, especially the import of materials necessary for the textile industry, which substantially contributed to the positive balance of trade. Beside a quantitative analysis of statistical data regarding foreign trade, the paper also looks at the impact of political and economic events on the trade relations between the two countries, as well as the relation between the industrialization of Yugoslavia and changes in foreign trade.","PeriodicalId":80613,"journal":{"name":"Balcanica (Rome, Italy)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90977211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Three votive plaques from Upper Moesia 来自上摩西亚的三个祈祷板
Balcanica (Rome, Italy) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/balc2253007n
D. Nikolic
{"title":"Three votive plaques from Upper Moesia","authors":"D. Nikolic","doi":"10.2298/balc2253007n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/balc2253007n","url":null,"abstract":"The article proposes a new reading and interpretation of three inscriptions engraved on small bronze plaques in the shape of tabula ansata from the Danubian limes in Upper Moesia - two from Pincum and one from Viminacium, associating the inscribed objects with the cult of Jupiter Dolichenus. The revised inscriptions also provide new data on the Roman units stationed on the Upper Moesian Danube bank, as two of the dedicators are identified as members of the ala Flaviana.","PeriodicalId":80613,"journal":{"name":"Balcanica (Rome, Italy)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78021433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Venice biennale and art in Belgrade in the 1950s. A contribution to the study of the artistic dialogue between Italy and Serbia 威尼斯双年展和50年代贝尔格莱德的艺术。对意大利和塞尔维亚艺术对话研究的贡献
Balcanica (Rome, Italy) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/balc2253227e
Ana Eres
{"title":"The Venice biennale and art in Belgrade in the 1950s. A contribution to the study of the artistic dialogue between Italy and Serbia","authors":"Ana Eres","doi":"10.2298/balc2253227e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/balc2253227e","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the twentieth century the International Art Exhibition Venice Biennale was seen as a major event by the art world of Belgrade and, more broadly, of Serbia and Yugoslavia. After the Second World War this biggest and most important international show of contemporary art provided Belgrade?s artists and art critics with an opportunity to acquaint themselves with the latest developments on the international art scene. At the same time, it was used as a platform for the leading figures of Belgrade?s artistic and cultural-policy establishment to create, through the exhibitions mounted in the national pavilion, an image of the country?s artistic contemporaneity aimed at achieving its desired standing in the West. The attitude of Belgrade?s art scene to the Venice Biennale went through a particularly interesting phase in the 1950s. Its transformations offer an opportunity to observe, analyse and expand the knowledge about the changes that marked that turbulent decade in the history of Serbian art, which went a long way from dogmatically exclusive socialist realism to the institutionalization of a high-modernist language as the dominant model. Based on the reconstruction of Yugoslavia?s sustained participation in the Venice Biennale (1950-60), this paper analyses the models of the representation of Serbian art in the international context of the Biennale within a broader context of the intensification of Serbian-Italian artistic contacts during the period under study.","PeriodicalId":80613,"journal":{"name":"Balcanica (Rome, Italy)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89458043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Belgrade 1969-1972. The uncertainties and hardships of the Yugoslav experiment in the eyes of a newly graduated Italian scholarship holder 贝尔格莱德1969 - 1972。一位刚毕业的意大利奖学金获得者眼中南斯拉夫实验的不确定性和艰辛
Balcanica (Rome, Italy) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/balc2253261d
M. Dogo
{"title":"Belgrade 1969-1972. The uncertainties and hardships of the Yugoslav experiment in the eyes of a newly graduated Italian scholarship holder","authors":"M. Dogo","doi":"10.2298/balc2253261d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/balc2253261d","url":null,"abstract":"Half a century ago, the author of this paper, a recent graduate, received an exchange scholarship from the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs for a research visit to Belgrade on the subject of self-management and the theory of the state. At that time, the central, and by no means merely theoretical, problem of Yugoslavian society was how to respond to the impact of the market on the system of self-management. In addition to the production structure, this question also affected the relations between the republics and the political centre of the state. Two serious crises were to be decided by the decisive intervention of the charismatic leader, who put an authoritarian model from another era back into force. The young scholar observed and did not understand much, but in return became familiar with a lively and hospitable city. Critical reflections would come in the years to follow.","PeriodicalId":80613,"journal":{"name":"Balcanica (Rome, Italy)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80989118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The two last encounters between Broz and Berlinguer - the epilogue of an alliance 布罗兹和贝林格之间的最后两次相遇——联盟的尾声
Balcanica (Rome, Italy) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/balc2253273z
Bogdan Zivkovic
{"title":"The two last encounters between Broz and Berlinguer - the epilogue of an alliance","authors":"Bogdan Zivkovic","doi":"10.2298/balc2253273z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/balc2253273z","url":null,"abstract":"Based on unpublished historical sources from the archives of the communist parties of Yugoslavia and Italy (Archives of Yugoslavia, Belgrade; Fondazione Istituto Gramsci, Archivio del Partito comunista Italiano, Rome), this paper analyzes the two last meetings of the leaders of the two parties, Josip Broz Tito and Enrico Berlinguer. The topics are Berlinguer?s two visits to Yugoslavia, in October 1977 and October 1978, which took place at the height of the inter-party alliance, after the Berlin Conference of the Communist Parties of Europe held in June 1976. The aforementioned two visits are viewed in this paper as case studies that testify to the nature of the alliance between the two parties, and illuminate the key similarities and differences between these two political actors.","PeriodicalId":80613,"journal":{"name":"Balcanica (Rome, Italy)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89172934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experiencing disease and medical treatment in renaissance Italy: Cardinal Pietro Bembo and his circle 在意大利文艺复兴时期经历疾病和医疗:红衣主教彼得罗·本博和他的圈子
Balcanica (Rome, Italy) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/balc2253045h
J. Henderson, V. Zivkovic
{"title":"Experiencing disease and medical treatment in renaissance Italy: Cardinal Pietro Bembo and his circle","authors":"J. Henderson, V. Zivkovic","doi":"10.2298/balc2253045h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/balc2253045h","url":null,"abstract":"This article, which examines contemporaries? personal experience of illness in Renaissance Italy, is part of a growing literature which concentrates on the patient rather than the practitioner. The basis of this study is the correspondence of Pietro Bembo, the well-known humanist, papal secretary and latterly Cardinal, with his cousin Gian Matteo Bembo and his long-standing secretary and friend, Cola Bruno. These letters are revealing of how a non-medical man understood and described illness in the sixteenth century, and his personal experience associated particularly with ?mal delle reni?, which he shared with his friends and recommended treatments. It also reveals his attitude towards medical practitioners, ranging from scepticism to fully embracing new therapies such as Holy Wood, which was used to treat the new epidemic disease of the Great Pox. Indeed he shared his enthusiasm for the efficacy of this drug with his great friend the physician Girolamo Fracastoro, the author of Syphilis, the poem which he dedicated to Bembo, and also of the treatise De contagione et contagiosis morbis (1546).","PeriodicalId":80613,"journal":{"name":"Balcanica (Rome, Italy)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80842499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The second eastern crisis (1875-1878): Echoes, volunteers and Italian interests 第二次东方危机(1875-1878):回声、志愿者和意大利利益
Balcanica (Rome, Italy) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/balc2253063g
Francesco Guida
{"title":"The second eastern crisis (1875-1878): Echoes, volunteers and Italian interests","authors":"Francesco Guida","doi":"10.2298/balc2253063g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/balc2253063g","url":null,"abstract":"The actions of Balkan insurgents during Eastern Crisis of 1875-1878 were closely followed by Giuseppe Garibaldi and his supporters as well as by the Italian politicians and writers that were a part Mazzini?s school of thought. Garibaldi actively sustained the insurgents and his red shirts went to fight in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the first year of the Crisis. When the uprising evolved into a war of Serbia and Montenegro against the Ottomans the involvement of red shirts as well as the one of volunteers in general was considerable reduced, with the exception of the Russian contingent under the commandment of the Russian general Mikhail Chernyaev. However, the interest for the ongoing developments in the Bosnia and Herzegovina only changed the form, since Italian politicians and journalists made several projects trying to mobilize Italian general public to support South Slav cause. The Venetian writer Marco Antonio Canini even imagined a confederal solution for the nations in the Danube basin thus trying to overcome the conflicts between the nascent nationalisms that could dispute among them the territorial heritage of the Austria-Hungary after its projected demise. None of the projects were put in practice, but they remain as testimony of Italian interest and involvement into the Great Eastern Crisis and its consequences.","PeriodicalId":80613,"journal":{"name":"Balcanica (Rome, Italy)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73480702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Italy in the writings of Slobodan Jovanovic 斯洛博丹·约瓦诺维奇笔下的意大利
Balcanica (Rome, Italy) Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/balc2253141m
B. Milosavljevic
{"title":"Italy in the writings of Slobodan Jovanovic","authors":"B. Milosavljevic","doi":"10.2298/balc2253141m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/balc2253141m","url":null,"abstract":"Slobodan Jovanovic made frequent stays in Italy since his earliest childhood, which contributed to his thorough and comprehensive understanding of Italian history, politics, science, culture and arts. His father, Vladimir Jovanovic, maintained close contact with Mazzini, whose liberal nationalism he embraced and followed. Some of their closest family members resided in Rome during the First World War, because Vladimir Jovanovic?s sonin-law, Mihailo Ristic, served as Serbia?s minister to Italy (1914-17). For about half a century Slobodan Jovanovic was an interpreter of Italian political history, of its influence on Serbian and Yugoslav history, and of the work of Italian statesmen and theorists, notably Machiavelli. In the 1930s he taught a doctoral course on Italian public law and corporate system. After the Second World War he lived in exile in London. Some of the works he published there showed that some solutions in the constitution of socialist Yugoslavia, presented as an original invention, had already existed in interwar Italian corporate law.","PeriodicalId":80613,"journal":{"name":"Balcanica (Rome, Italy)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73365898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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