Annals of Plastic Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the Readability, Quality, and Characteristics of Online Patient Educational Materials Pertaining to Gender-Affirming Surgery.","authors":"Anitesh Bajaj, Fatoumata Sylla, Nikhil Sriram, Hannah Soltani, Sammer Marzouk, Payton J Sparks, Abigail Uryga, Becca Sebree, Rena A Li, Robert D Galiano","doi":"10.1097/SAP.0000000000004238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0000000000004238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients access online resources for information about various treatment modalities, including gender-affirming surgery (GAS) patient populations. The present study provides a readability, content quality, technical quality, and qualitative characteristic assessment of online patient educational materials (OPEM) related to GAS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online search using search phrases related to GAS was performed. The first 20 unique search results for each search term were further assessed if identified as an OPEM. The readability, content quality, and technical quality were assessed. Characteristics including mention of World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) guidelines and discussion of insurance coverage were recorded. Statistical analyses included analysis of variance, chi-squared tests, and 2-sample t tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 231 OPEM were identified (academic/hospital: 124, private practice: 47, online health reference: 43, other: 17). The average consensus grade level was 12.7, which was significantly higher than the National Institutes of Health/American Medical Association-recommended sixth-grade level (P < 0.001). With regard to content quality, academic/hospital websites had a significantly higher DISCERN score than private practice websites (P = 0.01). Notably, only 35% of OPEM mentioned WPATH guidelines. Academic/hospital websites mentioned WPATH guidelines at a significantly higher frequency than nonacademic/hospital websites (P < 0.001). Private practice websites had a significantly higher technical quality score than academic/hospital websites (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A significant discrepancy in readability was identified between analyzed websites and the National Institutes of Health/American Medical Association recommendation of a sixth-grade level. Further efforts are necessary to ensure accessible and accurate information is available for patients seeking OPEM related to GAS.</p>","PeriodicalId":8060,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plastic Surgery","volume":"94 5","pages":"500-506"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to \"Long-Term Outcomes After Gender-Affirming Surgery: 40-Year Follow-up Study\".","authors":"Zeki Bayraktar","doi":"10.1097/SAP.0000000000004235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0000000000004235","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8060,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plastic Surgery","volume":"94 5","pages":"623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Future of Robotics in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: A Realistic Model for Trainee Certification.","authors":"Camryn Payne, Casey Martinez, Nicole Van Spronsen, Max Shrout, W Nicholas Jungbauer, Bryn E Morris, William Casey, Daniel Rhee, Edward Reece, Johnny Yi, Alanna Rebecca","doi":"10.1097/SAP.0000000000004278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0000000000004278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Robots have been used effectively in plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) for reconstruction. The utilization of robotics in all surgical specialties is expanding with the goal of offering the most appropriate patient-centered care possible, especially in complex multidisciplinary cases. Despite the safety, efficiency, and reproducibility of robotics in PRS, there is a paucity of required and formalized training in PRS residency programs. The ACGME and industry published guidelines were investigated. Robotic surgery case logs of Mayo Clinic Arizona General Surgery residents were analyzed with attention to equivalency certification (EQ). Over the past 5 years, the equivalency certification from Intuitive (Sunnyvale, CA) was obtained by 30% of all general surgery residents at our institution (range, 0-100). The case numbers to obtain the equivalence certification are industry recommendations, and proficiency is determined by the program director. The ACGME does not mandate robotics training in general surgery residency. According to the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), trainees must complete 20 console cases and 10 bedside cases to become industry certified. With respect to training and advancing the field, PRS residents could successfully obtain certification in their residency programs. The minimum case requirement recommended by SAGES is not burdensome and can ensure robotic privileges in PRS practice immediately following graduation. By improving the training for minimally invasive robotic surgery in plastic surgery, patients and healthcare systems benefit from improved quality of life outcomes and decreased postoperative length of stay, which results in less strain on our entire medical system.</p>","PeriodicalId":8060,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plastic Surgery","volume":"94 5S Suppl 3","pages":"S421-S424"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Information in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Social Media Platforms Versus Large Language Models.","authors":"Javier Suárez Aguilar, Manuel Viñuela Florido, Julio Mayol, Lara Cristóbal, Andrés A Maldonado","doi":"10.1097/SAP.0000000000004232","DOIUrl":"10.1097/SAP.0000000000004232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral nerve entrapment disease, and it is a subject of great interest and concern to medical professionals and the general public. Our study aims to analyze and compare the quality and accuracy of the information related to CTS provided by social media platforms (SMPs) and the new large language models (LLM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>On YouTube, the first 20 videos in English and the first 20 videos in Spanish when searching for \"carpal tunnel syndrome\" and \"síndrome túnel carpo\" were selected. On Instagram, the first 20 videos with the hashtag #carpaltunnelsyndrome and #tunelcarpiano were chosen (in total 80 videos). Duration, number of likes, number of views, number of followers, upload date, and author category (medical specialist, patient, etc) were evaluated. Three specific questions about CTS were asked to 2 new LLMs (ChatGPT and Google Bard). The quality of information was analyzed and compared by two independent board-certified plastic surgeons using the Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) and DISCERN scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LLMs showed a significant higher quality of information when compared with SMPs based on the DISCERN scores ( P < 0.05). Average DISCERN scores for answers given by ChatGPT and Google Bard were 52.83 and 57.83, respectively (good quality). In YouTube and Instagram, the average score for the 80 videos based on the JAMA scale was 1.92 (low reliability) and 25.18 (very low quality) on the DISCERN scale. Videos created by medical professionals in SMPs were associated with a higher JAMA and DISCERN scores ( P < 0.05). 53.8% of the videos were made by a nonmedical author.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The quality of information from LLMs was good and significantly better than in SMP. A low participation of board-certified surgeons in SMP was found. Board-certified surgeons should be more involved in LLM and SMPs to increase leadership, improve education, and spread knowledge of peripheral nerve surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":8060,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"512-515"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143057473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation of the Uterus: A Systematic Review of Eligibility Criteria.","authors":"Allison L Diaz, Matteo Laspro, Sachin Chinta, Alay Shah, Eduardo D Rodriguez","doi":"10.1097/SAP.0000000000004350","DOIUrl":"10.1097/SAP.0000000000004350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Uterus transplantation (UTx) is the sole clinical treatment for patients with a diagnosis of uterine infertility factor to experience gestation and delivery. Following UTx, candidates who have been largely healthy must agree to extensively interface with the healthcare system and practice strict adherence to an immunosuppressive regimen to protect the allograft until delivery of a live birth. Aside from the risks associated with immunosuppression, UTx recipients often face complicated pregnancies, with a possibility of pregnancy loss and allograft failure. Therefore, appropriate recipient eligibility criteria are central to transplantation success. The objective of this study is to investigate eligibility criteria reported by UTx programs globally.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review of UTx literature was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines, using PubMed, Cochrane, Ovid/MEDLINE, and Scopus. ClinicalTrials.gov entries and program websites were queried for eligibility criteria as well.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred ninety-six studies were identified, 79 of which were included in the final review. Twenty-one clinical trials and 6 patient-facing websites were included. Most reported eligibility criteria included females of reproductive age, excellent in vitro fertilization candidacy, psychological stability, absence of systemic infection, and willingness to comply with all treatment protocols. The importance of factors such as social support and recipient relationship with their partner varied between centers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although consensus exists across certain eligibility criteria, the importance of other criteria presents greater ambiguity across centers. As UTx programs expand, and more patients gain access to the procedure, the evolution of eligibility criteria must be documented to optimize best practices across centers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8060,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plastic Surgery","volume":"94 5","pages":"595-604"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143953149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robotic-Assisted Lymphatic Supermicrosurgery for Breast Lymphedema-A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Sonia Kukreja-Pandey, Berk B Ozmen, Graham S Schwarz","doi":"10.1097/SAP.0000000000004364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0000000000004364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Breast lymphedema, an often-overlooked complication of breast cancer treatment, affects nearly half of patients undergoing breast conservation surgery and responds poorly to conservative measures. While lymphaticovenous bypass (LVB) is a well-established intervention for extremity lymphedema, its application in breast lymphedema has been sporadic. We utilized microsurgical robot system in 1 patient to overcome the technical challenges of performing LVB in the breast.A 42-year-old woman developed progressive right breast swelling, heaviness, and pain following lumpectomy, sentinel lymph node biopsy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Conservative measures failed to provide relief. Indocyanine green lymphography (ICGL) revealed normal lymphatic drainage in the arm but dermal backflow in the central and lower breast. Linear patterns in the upper outer quadrant, terminating near the axillary scar, were marked. Using a microsurgical robotic system, 2 end-to-end LVBs were performed through a single skin incision. Immediate postoperative decongestion was observed, with sustained symptomatic improvement at 6 months, evidenced by reduced pain scores and a significant decrease in the Lymphedema Life Impact Score. A literature review identified 6 reports describing 7 cases of LVB for breast lymphedema. The number of bypasses per breast ranged from 1 to 6, with 1 or 2 skin incisions, predominantly in the upper outer quadrant. All cases reported prompt subjective symptom relief, though objective measures were inconsistently applied.Our case demonstrates the first successful application of robotic-assisted LVB for breast lymphedema with significant improvement in clinical signs and symptoms as well as quality of life, based on validated patient-reported outcomes. Robotic assistance enhanced both the feasibility and ergonomics of performing supermicrosurgical LVB in the anatomically complex breast region.</p>","PeriodicalId":8060,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated Squamosal Synostosis: Defining the Phenotype.","authors":"Matthew E Pontell, Connor S Wagner, Neil Reddy, Lauren K Salinero, Carlos E Barrero, Jesse A Taylor, Shih-Shan Lang Chen, Jordan W Swanson, Scott P Bartlett","doi":"10.1097/SAP.0000000000004356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0000000000004356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>This study aims to characterize the clinical manifestations of isolated squamosal synostosis (ISS) and review the relevant published literature. Computed tomography imaging from 2008 to 2022 was reviewed to identify patients with ISS. Patients were reviewed for age at presentation, signs of intracranial pressure, and management. A systematic review was conducted of all studies on ISS from 1990 to 2023. Eighteen patients from our institution were included. Three unilateral cases were diagnosed at 1.4 ± 0.6 years. None had signs of intracranial hypertension nor required surgery. Of the 15 bilateral cases, 6 were completely fused and 9 were partially fused. Concern for intracranial hypertension was more frequent in patients with bilateral complete ISS (66%) than partial (22%). Vault remodeling was pursued in 5/6 patients with bilateral complete ISS and 4/9 patients with bilateral partial ISS. Systematic review yielded 13 cases of ISS. Four had unilateral ISS diagnosed at 5.2 ± 2.8 months. None had intracranial hypertension. Nine had bilateral ISS diagnosed at 31 ± 47.3 months. Three patients had signs of elevated intracranial pressure. ISS presentation seems to vary based on laterality. Unilateral ISS typically presents without intracranial hypertension. Bilateral ISS is often associated with intracranial hypertension, more so in cases of complete suture fusion. Bilateral ISS warrants close observation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8060,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Wharton Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Implanted on 3-Dimensional Hyaluronan-Based Scaffold in Tendon-Bone Interface Healing.","authors":"Ahmet Rıfat Doğramacı, Gokce Yildiran, Gülsemin Çiçek, Zeliha Esin Çelik, Fatma Öz Bağcı, Zekeriya Tosun","doi":"10.1097/SAP.0000000000004357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0000000000004357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The establishment of the enthesis unit remains a significant challenge due to the inability to reconstitute the native histological zones postrepair. In this study, the authors investigated the effect of 3-dimensional hyaluronan-based scaffold implanted with Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells on enthesis healing in rat model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three-dimensional hyaluronan-based scaffold was seeded with mesenchymal stem cells. Bilateral supraspinatus injury model created tendon-bone interface of 48 Sprague-Dawley rats reconstructed with one of the following: group 1: sham surgery; group 2: control group; group 3: surgery, scaffold and conditioned medium; group 4: surgery, scaffold and Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The rats were killed on day 30, and supraspinatus-humerus tendon to bone unit was harvested en bloc for evaluations. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, mechanical, and micro-computed tomography evaluations were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group 4 was found to be superior to the others in terms of collagen organization and density, fibroblast growth factor, collagen II, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 immunoreactivity, as well as biomechanical tensile strength (P < 0,05). Additionally, groups 3 and 4 exhibited superior bone mineral density and trabecular thickness compared with the other groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells implanted into 3-dimensional hyaluronan-based scaffold have shown promising results in achieving a high strength enthesis unit resembling native histological zones.</p>","PeriodicalId":8060,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Ventral Hernia Repairs With a Concomitant Panniculectomy: A Combined Approach Using Component Separation and Onlay Acellular Dermal Matrix.","authors":"Hector Caceres, Luke Anderson, Alexandra Savage, Edgar Alvarado Muñoz, Jorge de la Torre","doi":"10.1097/SAP.0000000000004361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0000000000004361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The use of a concomitant panniculectomy (PAN) during a ventral hernia repair (VHR) has been debated because of concerns of higher wound complications and longer operative times. However, PAN offers significant advantages including increased intraoperative exposure, improved patient quality of life, and offering an aesthetic benefit. In the treatment of large hernia defects the senior author utilizes the component separation technique with onlay placement of acellular dermal matrix (ADM). Additionally, the ADM is secured using progressive quilting suturing. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of patients who underwent VHR + PAN utilizing the component separation technique alongside onlay placement of ADM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted on the senior author's technique in treating VHR + PAN over 10 years. The patients were identified utilizing Current Procedural Codes for ventral hernia repairs and myofascial muscle flaps. Following identification of patients, they were further stratified for undergoing a panniculectomy. Patients treated without the use of onlay acellular dermal matrix placement or with fewer than 6 months of follow-up time were excluded from the study. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 29 patients met the inclusion criteria, with the majority being obese (79.3%) and female (93.1%). Most patients (82.8%) had a history of previous hernia repair, with majority undergoing previous mesh placement. No hernia recurrences were observed during an average follow-up period of 21.3 months. Seromas were the most common postoperative complication (34.4%, all managed in clinic), followed by wound necrosis (20.7%) and infection (6.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combining VHR with panniculectomy offers potential functional, aesthetic, and quality-of-life benefits while reducing the need for multiple surgeries, particularly in patient populations with large hernia defects and prior hernia repairs. The absence of recurrences and acceptable complication rates in this study highlights the safety and efficacy of utilizing the component separation technique with onlay placement of ADM secured by progressive quilting sutures. Further research with larger, multicenter cohorts is warranted to validate these outcomes and explore strategies for optimizing complication management.</p>","PeriodicalId":8060,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Stage Procedure Using Free Internal Oblique Muscle of the Abdomen Flap for Longstanding Facial Paralysis: Experience With 13 Patients.","authors":"Zhuqiu Xu, Xiaonan Yang, Hong Du, Jiakang Hou, Wei Wang, Zuoliang Qi","doi":"10.1097/SAP.0000000000004366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0000000000004366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The transplantation of a free muscle flap represents a trusted method for restoring function and movement in paralyzed facial muscles. However, the choice of donor site is still controversial and can lead to many problems. Discovering appropriate muscle flap sources can effectively mitigate these problems, offering a wider array of options and novel approaches for treating facial paralysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We dissected 11 cadavers to demonstrate the anatomical relationship of the internal oblique muscle of abdomen. Subsequently, 13 patients with long-term facial paralysis (duration > 12 months) underwent free muscle flap transplantation. The outcomes were assessed using eFACE software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All subjects demonstrated spontaneous activity of the transplanted muscle, and reconstruction of facial expression muscle function was achieved to varying degrees in all instances. In the results of eFACE, significant differences were noted in both static and dynamic facial scoring between pre and postoperative assessments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Capitalizing on the abundant vascular and neural supply of the internal oblique muscle, a novel surgical technique involving ultralong anastomosis of multiple vascular and neural pedicles of the internal oblique muscle flap in cross-facial transplantation has been designed to treat late-stage facial paralysis. Long-term follow-up of postoperative patients shows significant improvement in facial static symmetry, restoration of facial expression muscle function, and assistance in the revival of eyelid closure capability.</p>","PeriodicalId":8060,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}