Alcohol, drugs, and driving : abstracts and reviews最新文献

LOW-DOSE ALCOHOL EFFECTS ON HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND PERFORMANCE 低剂量酒精对人类行为和表现的影响

Alcohol, drugs, and driving : abstracts and reviews Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1037/e410462004-001

F. Holloway

{"title":"LOW-DOSE ALCOHOL EFFECTS ON HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND PERFORMANCE","authors":"F. Holloway","doi":"10.1037/e410462004-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e410462004-001","url":null,"abstract":"This literature survey reviews the effects of alcohol on human behavior and performance, especially low alcohol dose effects. This review consisted of 155 empirical studies dating from 1985 to mid-1993, using the alcohol effect schema of Kruger. Several general conclusions that were largely in agreement with previous reviews on this topic were reached. First, sensitivity to the subjective intoxicating effects of alcohol was greater than that for all other performance classes and appeared to display a \"threshold\" with respect to blood alcohol concentration (BAC), rather than the linear relation evident in performance data. Second, sensitivity to performance impairment in \"controlled\" performance and simulator tasks was greater than that for psychophysical function or \"automatic\" performance. Finally, a variety of task-, subject-, and environmental-characteristics or conditions were found to mediate the magnitude and sensitivity to alcohol effects, particularly at lower doses. This review concluded that since alcohol sensitivity can vary from time to time, person to person, and situation to situation, the setting of a \"safe\" BAC will always be arbitrary, being based on a low, but non-zero, incidence of effects below that level.","PeriodicalId":80408,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol, drugs, and driving : abstracts and reviews","volume":"1 1","pages":"39-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89752681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 127

FATIGUE AND DRIVING 疲劳驾驶

Alcohol, drugs, and driving : abstracts and reviews Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1108/9780080555874-014

N. McDonald

引用次数: 5

Adolescent problem drinking: Psychosocial aspects and developmental outcomes 青少年饮酒问题:心理社会方面和发展结果

Alcohol, drugs, and driving : abstracts and reviews Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-02475-1_13

R. Jessor

引用次数: 61

THE LIKELIHOOD OF ACETONE INTERFERENCE IN BREATH ALCOHOL MEASUREMENT 丙酮干扰呼气酒精测量的可能性

Alcohol, drugs, and driving : abstracts and reviews Pub Date : 1985-09-01 DOI: 10.1037/e485852008-001

J. Frank, A. Flores

{"title":"THE LIKELIHOOD OF ACETONE INTERFERENCE IN BREATH ALCOHOL MEASUREMENT","authors":"J. Frank, A. Flores","doi":"10.1037/e485852008-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e485852008-001","url":null,"abstract":"This report discusses the significnce of possible interference of acetone in breath alcohol testing. The following dimensions are considered: (1) what levels of acetone concentration may appear on the breath, (2) what levels of acetone concentration may produce significant breath alcohol concentration readings by breath testers, and (3) which instrument types may be sensitive to the presence of acetone. The issue of acetone interference was found to have no practical significance in traffic law enforcement for the following reasons: (1) The level of actone on the breath that would be required to produce even minimal breath alcohol concentration readings (e.g. 0.01%) is rarely seen in the on-the-road arrest situations (i.e. less than 0.028% of the situations). (2) Diabetic and dieting individuals who are well enough to drive do not have sufficient levels of acetone on their breath to increase breath alcohol concentration readings more than a very small amount (practical maximum of 0.01% to 0.02%). (3) The number of evidential breath testers in use that are unable to discriminate between acetone and ethyl alcohol is very small, estimated to be less than 1,000 nationwide. Most commercially available evidential breath testers sold today are made to distinguish acetone from ethyl alcohol, so that the issue is moot in almost all cases.","PeriodicalId":80408,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol, drugs, and driving : abstracts and reviews","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90520495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6