APIK Journal of Internal Medicine最新文献_第5页

Study of Correlation between Right Ventricular Ejection Fraction with Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients of Chronic Heart Failure with Diabetes, using Two-dimensional Echocardiography 二维超声心动图研究糖尿病慢性心力衰竭患者右室射血分数与左室射血分的相关性

APIK Journal of Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.4103/ajim.ajim_5_23

Vandan Shah, S. Mane, R. Khyalappa

{"title":"Study of Correlation between Right Ventricular Ejection Fraction with Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients of Chronic Heart Failure with Diabetes, using Two-dimensional Echocardiography","authors":"Vandan Shah, S. Mane, R. Khyalappa","doi":"10.4103/ajim.ajim_5_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajim.ajim_5_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Diabetes is one of the most significant health issues. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are more susceptible to an elevated cardiovascular risk, including heart failure. Echocardiography should help in the early identification of these myocardial abnormalities that would help properly treat these individuals.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study was conducted over 18 months and focused on patients with diabetes and chronic heart failure who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ethical approval was obtained, and all patients provided their consent to participate in the study. The participants underwent a two-dimensional echocardiogram to assess their heart function, and relevant laboratory tests, imaging results, and information about medications received during their hospitalization were recorded.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 As per The New British Society of Echocardiography criteria, 64 patients had impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and 31 had severely impaired LVEF. The majority of the patients with impaired LVEF, 53%, also had impaired right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF). Of 31 patients with severely impaired LVEF, 58% also had severely impaired RVEF. The association between LVEF and RVEF is statistically significant (P < 0.05). There is a positive correlation between LVEF (%) and RVEF (%), which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Severe dysfunction in LVEF is also present in patients with severe dysfunction of RVEF.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The majority of patients who had reduced LVEF also had reduced RVEF, and this association was significant. While there was a correlation between glycosylated hemoglobin levels and both LVEF and RVEF, it was not statistically significant. Hence, patients who are identified to have lower LVEF should also be evaluated for RVEF.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8012,"journal":{"name":"APIK Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46728369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A prospective study to determine the incidence, clinical profile, and outcomes of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia 一项确定呼吸机相关肺炎患者发病率、临床特征和预后的前瞻性研究

APIK Journal of Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajim.ajim_95_22

Sagnik Bhattacharjee, A. Khyriem, C. Lyngdoh, A. Prasad

{"title":"A prospective study to determine the incidence, clinical profile, and outcomes of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia","authors":"Sagnik Bhattacharjee, A. Khyriem, C. Lyngdoh, A. Prasad","doi":"10.4103/ajim.ajim_95_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajim.ajim_95_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective was to determine the incidence, etiological agents, and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates causing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Methods: The prospective observational study was carried out on 146 adults admitted to the hospital, who were put on mechanical ventilation for a minimum period of 48 h at NEIGRIHMS, Shillong. The study was conducted for 1 year from December 2019 to December 2020. VAP was diagnosed as per the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score. Demographic, clinical characteristics, culture reports, and antibiotic susceptibility of the patients were noted. Patients were followed up till discharge or death. Outcome measures were risk factors for VAP and mortality. Results: We report an incidence of VAP as 10.6/1000 ventilator days. The predominant organisms seen were Acinetobacter baumannii (62.33%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (47.26%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.18%). 33/146 (22.6%) patients expired, among which 17 patients had VAP (40.48% vs. 15.38%, P = 0.001). VAP patients had significantly higher odds of smoking (odds ratio [OR] = 2.412, P = 0.016), more polybacterial infections (OR = 2.271, P = 0.024), and more mortality (OR = 3.681, P = 0.001). Among the organisms, P. aeruginosa (OR = 0.115, P = 0.013) and K. pneumoniae (OR = 6.818, P = 0.003) were significantly associated with mortality in patients with VAP. Conclusion: We report an incidence of VAP as 10.6/1000 ventilator days among intensive care unit patients. Smoking was a significant risk factor for VAP. VAP patients had a significantly higher risk of mortality with K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa being significant organisms responsible for it.","PeriodicalId":8012,"journal":{"name":"APIK Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"179 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41413041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Original antigenic sin in dengue - Hoskins effect 登革-霍斯金斯效应中的原始性抗原

APIK Journal of Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajim.ajim_96_21

V. Kamath, Nisha Olakkengi

引用次数: 0

A study of electrolyte imbalance in Coronavirus Disease-2019 at a rural tertiary health care center 农村三级卫生保健中心2019冠状病毒病电解质失衡研究

APIK Journal of Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajim.ajim_113_22

R. Sheeba, Dinesh Vishwanathan, V. Kamath

{"title":"A study of electrolyte imbalance in Coronavirus Disease-2019 at a rural tertiary health care center","authors":"R. Sheeba, Dinesh Vishwanathan, V. Kamath","doi":"10.4103/ajim.ajim_113_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajim.ajim_113_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With the ongoing onslaught of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, identifying factors predicting the disease course and outcome become immensely important. Although globally reported, a potential association between electrolyte disturbance and COVID-19 disease has not been well researched. Dyselectrolytemia not only impacts patient care but also provides insight into the pathophysiology of COVID-19. Aims and Objectives: Our aim was to study electrolyte disturbances among COVID-19 patients and its impact on the disease outcome. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted in a total of 397 patients detected to have electrolyte abnormalities among 2914 adult inpatients, diagnosed with COVID 19 infection in a tertiary care center over a period of 10 months (July 2020–December 2020 and April 2021–July 2021). Results: A total of 2914 patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 of whom 397 (13.62%) patients were found to have an electrolyte imbalance. Hyponatremia (n = 199) 51% was the most common electrolyte disturbance followed by hypokalemia (n = 94) 24.3% and mixed electrolyte abnormality (n = 81) 20.4%. Electrolyte imbalance was directly related to the clinical outcome of the disease which was statistically significant P = 0.0001. Conclusion: Hyponatremia has a significant direct correlation with mortality in patients with COVID-19. However, hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, and hypernatremia also influence the disease outcome. We recommend that the estimation of electrolytes should be done routinely for all hospitalized patients with COVID-19 as it adds to the prognostication of these patients.","PeriodicalId":8012,"journal":{"name":"APIK Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"185 - 190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42009717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults: Underdiagnosed?? 成人多系统炎症综合征：诊断不足？？

APIK Journal of Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajim.ajim_72_21

Dilmo Yeldo, T. Ravindra, B. Arjun

引用次数: 0

Deltacron: A new public health concern Deltacron:一个新的公共健康问题

APIK Journal of Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajim.ajim_154_22

P. Sookaromdee, V. Wiwanitkit

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of In vitro activity of tigecycline against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates 替加环素对耐多药临床分离株的体外活性评价

APIK Journal of Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajim.ajim_53_22

Livya Wilson, T. Kuruvilla

{"title":"Evaluation of In vitro activity of tigecycline against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates","authors":"Livya Wilson, T. Kuruvilla","doi":"10.4103/ajim.ajim_53_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajim.ajim_53_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Multiple drug resistance (MDR) of the bacteria is an issue across any health-care setting worldwide. This leads to prolonged hospital stay and high cost of treatment. One must be cautious to use reserve drugs such as imipenem, meropenem, colistin, polymyxin, and tigecycline. Tigecycline is a mainstay to treat emerging single or MDR pathogens. The study was conducted to assess the in vitro sensitivity of tigecycline to MDR isolates and to compare the sensitivity of Kirby–Bauer (KB) disc-diffusion method with the Epsilometer (E-test) against various MDR clinical isolates. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was done from January 2019 to 2020 on MDR isolates from clinical specimens. The isolates were tested for their antibiotic sensitivity to tigecycline by KB and E-test method to know the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tigecycline. Statistical data were analyzed by the percentage method. Results: Tigecycline showed a higher in vitro sensitivity against multidrug-resistant isolates in our study. Among the 89 MDR isolates obtained, 38 (42.7) were found to be sensitive to tigecycline by the KB diffusion and 67 (75.3) were sensitive by the E-test method. Conclusions: Tigecycline is a reserve antibiotic against MDR organisms, especially useful to treat coinfections of Gram-positive and Gram-negative superbugs. The E-test was found to be far superior to the KB method to detect in vitro activity and the results of this test will guide the clinician to judiciously use this antibiotic in their day-to-day practice.","PeriodicalId":8012,"journal":{"name":"APIK Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"150 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45157382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An introduction to systematic reviews and meta-analyses 系统综述和荟萃分析导论

APIK Journal of Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajim.ajim_36_23

Shripada C Rao

{"title":"An introduction to systematic reviews and meta-analyses","authors":"Shripada C Rao","doi":"10.4103/ajim.ajim_36_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajim.ajim_36_23","url":null,"abstract":"A high quality systematic review with meta-analysis is considered to provide a high level of evidence in health-care research. It is important to follow rigorous methodology while conducting a systematic review and reporting its findings. To minimize the chances of error and bias, at least two (preferably 3–4) authors should be involved at all stages of the conduct of a systematic review. Registering the protocol on open websites such as PROSPERO is essential to enable transparency and scientific rigor. Important steps are writing the protocol, conducting detailed literature search through multiple databases, identifying studies that meet strict inclusion criteria, abstracting the data, contacting authors to obtain additional information, assessing the risk of bias of included studies, synthesizing evidence qualitatively, conducting meta-analysis using appropriate statistical models, assessing publication bias and heterogeneity, exploring heterogeneity through sensitivity and subgroup analyses, grading the certainty of evidence following the GRADE framework, reporting using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, describing the limitations and providing implications for clinical practice and future research. Clinicians should evaluate the credibility of systematic reviews prior to applying their results in clinical practice. This article provides a brief introduction to the methodology of systematic reviews and meta-analyses and also provides links to some high-quality free resources for prospective systematic reviewers.","PeriodicalId":8012,"journal":{"name":"APIK Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"141 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45836853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A rare cardiac complication of left-sided tunneled hemodialysis catheter insertion 左侧隧道式血液透析导管置入的罕见心脏并发症

APIK Journal of Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajim.ajim_79_21

Nishanth Ravindranath, M. Shankar, N. Moorthy, HV Jayanth Kumar

引用次数: 0

Retraction: A cross-sectional study to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease among undergraduate medical students of a tertiary care indian setting 撤回:一项横断面研究评估胃食管反流病在印度三级医疗机构的本科医学生中的患病率和危险因素

APIK Journal of Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2666-1802.379798

引用次数: 0