Journal of human virology最新文献_第10页

Stimulation of bystander T-cell proliferation by tumor necrosis factor produced by HIV-1-infected macrophages. 感染hiv -1的巨噬细胞产生的肿瘤坏死因子对旁观者t细胞增殖的刺激。

Journal of human virology Pub Date : 1998-05-01

C M Godard, J C Chermann

{"title":"Stimulation of bystander T-cell proliferation by tumor necrosis factor produced by HIV-1-infected macrophages.","authors":"C M Godard, J C Chermann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Cocultivation of the CD4+CD95+ T-cell line (MT4) with monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) infected with the HIV-1 resulted in costimulation of proliferation and apoptosis after 20 hours of contact. This study sought to determine whether tumor necrosis factor (TNF) produced by HIV-1-infected MDMs was involved in the costimulation of cell proliferation, the apoptotic pathway, or both.Study design/methods: MT4 cells were cocultivated with infected or noninfected MDMs in the presence or absence of soluble TNF receptors (sTNFRs) or antagonistic anti-Fas antibody (ZB4). Cell proliferation was assessed by measuring thymidine incorporation. Apoptosis was monitored by using flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: Thymidine incorporation was higher in cells cocultivated with HIV-infected or noninfected MDMs than it was in controls grown in culture medium. It also was higher in cells cocultivated with HIV-infected MDMs than it was in cells cocultivated with noninfected MDMs. sTNFRs blocked the increase of thymidine incorporation specifically induced by HIV-infected MDMs. They did not inhibit apoptosis at 20 hours. Cells recovered from cocultures involving HIV-infected or noninfected MDMs exhibited decreased sensitivity to apoptosis induced through the Fas receptor.Conclusion: TNF produced by HIV-infected MDMs acts as an accessory T-cell growth factor that synergizes with an as yet unidentified growth-inducing signal or signals produced by HIV-infected and noninfected MDMs. Stimulation of cell proliferation by MDMs induces transient resistance to Fas-induced apoptosis.","PeriodicalId":80032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human virology","volume":"1 4","pages":"257-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21066702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety and immunogenicity of HIV-1 Tat toxoid in immunocompromised HIV-1-infected patients. HIV-1 Tat类毒素在免疫功能低下的HIV-1感染患者中的安全性和免疫原性

Journal of human virology Pub Date : 1998-05-01

A Gringeri, E Santagostino, M Muça-Perja, P M Mannucci, J F Zagury, B Bizzini, A Lachgar, M Carcagno, J Rappaport, M Criscuolo, W Blattner, A Burny, R C Gallo, D Zagury

引用次数: 0

Complete genome of a JC virus genotype type 6 from the brain of an African American with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. 非裔美国人进行性多灶性白质脑病脑组织中6型JC病毒的全基因组分析

Journal of human virology Pub Date : 1998-05-01

H T Agostini, C F Ryschkewitsch, G L Stoner

{"title":"Complete genome of a JC virus genotype type 6 from the brain of an African American with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.","authors":"H T Agostini, C F Ryschkewitsch, G L Stoner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The major genotypes of the human polyomavirus JC (JCV) include type 1 (European), type 2 (Asian), type 3 (African), and type 4 (United States). Here we report characterization of the complete genome of a genotype obtained from the brain of an African American with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).Study design/methods: DNA extracted from JCV-infected brain tissue was subjected to whole-genome polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and direct cycle sequencing. Relations to other JCV genotypes and the predicted amino acid sequence were analyzed.Results: This African-American type 6 strain (#601) differs from strains of all other genotypes in about 2% of its DNA sequence. The length of the total coding region of strain #601 is increased to 4855 bp by the insertion of a single nucleotide in the large T-antigen intron. This strain, originally placed with the type 2 group on the basis of its sequence in the VT-intergenic region, is very closely related to strains recently identified in the urine of individuals from Ghana, West Africa.Conclusions: This is the first example of an African JCV genotype identified in the brain of an African-American PML patient. The extent of sequence divergence of JCV type 6 suggests a split of type 6 strains before the separation of types 2 and 3. These findings confirm that distinctive African genotypes of JCV have been maintained in the African-American population and that they are capable of causing PML.","PeriodicalId":80032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human virology","volume":"1 4","pages":"267-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21066698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HTLV-I serostatus of mothers of patients with adult T-cell leukemia and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. 成人t细胞白血病和htlv - 1相关脊髓病/热带痉挛性截瘫患者母亲的htlv - 1血清状态

Journal of human virology Pub Date : 1998-05-01

C Bartholomew, N Jack, J Edwards, W Charles, D Corbin, F R Cleghorn, W A Blattner

{"title":"HTLV-I serostatus of mothers of patients with adult T-cell leukemia and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis.","authors":"C Bartholomew, N Jack, J Edwards, W Charles, D Corbin, F R Cleghorn, W A Blattner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: It has been shown that > 90% of mothers of HTLV-I-infected children were themselves carriers of HTLV-I. This study was designed to determine the HTLV-I serostatus of mothers of patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), and to assess the association of age of exposure and disease outcome.Study design/methods: In a cross-sectional study of the HTLV-I serostatus of mothers of HTLV-I-seropositive patients with ATL and HAM/TSP, 36 living mothers of patients with ATL and 15 mothers of patients with TSP/HAM were traced and enrolled.Results: Five of the 15 (33%) mothers of patients with HAM/TSP and 35 of the 36 (97.2%) mothers of patients with ATL were HTLV-I-seropositive. All patients were breast-fed and none received blood transfusions.Conclusion: This study confirms that infection with HTLV-I in early childhood can lead to ATL in later life, and that HAM/TSP can also result from early infection but more commonly results from infection acquired in adulthood. There are several reports of posttransfusion HAM/TSP, but ATL has not been reported following blood transfusion except in patients who were immunocompromised. Because the newborn infant is considered to be immunoincompetent, it seems that this is a necessary factor for the development of ATL after infection.","PeriodicalId":80032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human virology","volume":"1 4","pages":"302-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21066023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antibodies to the HIV-1 Tat protein correlated with nonprogression to AIDS: a rationale for the use of Tat toxoid as an HIV-1 vaccine. HIV-1 Tat蛋白抗体与不发展为艾滋病相关:Tat类毒素用作HIV-1疫苗的基本原理

Journal of human virology Pub Date : 1998-05-01

J F Zagury, A Sill, W Blattner, A Lachgar, H Le Buanec, M Richardson, J Rappaport, H Hendel, B Bizzini, A Gringeri, M Carcagno, M Criscuolo, A Burny, R C Gallo, D Zagury

{"title":"Antibodies to the HIV-1 Tat protein correlated with nonprogression to AIDS: a rationale for the use of Tat toxoid as an HIV-1 vaccine.","authors":"J F Zagury, A Sill, W Blattner, A Lachgar, H Le Buanec, M Richardson, J Rappaport, H Hendel, B Bizzini, A Gringeri, M Carcagno, M Criscuolo, A Burny, R C Gallo, D Zagury","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To investigate which immune parameters, such as antibodies against HIV-1 specificities, or viral parameters, such as p24 antigenemia, are predictive of disease progression.Study design: We performed studies on serum collected from individuals exhibiting two extremes of disease evolution--67 fast progressors (FP) and 182 nonprogressors (NP)--at their enrollment. After a 1- to 2-year clinical follow-up of 104 nonprogressors after their enrollment, we could determine the best serologic predictors for disease progression.Methods: We investigated levels of antibodies to tetanus toxoid and to HIV antigens including Env, Gag, Nef, and Tat proteins, as well as p24 antigenemia, viremia, CD4 cell count, and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) titers in FPs and NPs, and we correlated these data with clinical and biologic signs of progression.Results: p24 Antigenemia, a marker of viral replication, and anti-Tat antibodies were highly and inversely correlated in both groups (P < .001). Furthermore, anti-p24 antibodies and low serum IFN-alpha levels were correlated to the NP versus the FP cohort. Finally, among NPs, only antibodies to Tat and not to the other HIV specificities (Env, Nef, Gag) were significantly predictive of clinical stability during their follow-up.Conclusion: Antibodies toward HIV-1 Tat, which are inversely correlated to p24 antigenemia, appear as a critical marker for a lack of disease progression. This study strongly suggests that rising anti-Tat antibodies through active immunization may be beneficial in AIDS vaccine development to control viral replication.","PeriodicalId":80032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human virology","volume":"1 4","pages":"282-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21066701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of Kaposi's sarcoma cells in recruitment of circulating leukocytes: implications in pathogenesis. 卡波西氏肉瘤细胞在循环白细胞募集中的作用:在发病机制中的意义。

Journal of human virology Pub Date : 1998-05-01

P Galea, V Frances, L Dou-Dameche, J Sampol, J C Chermann

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of a CCR5 gene 32-bp deletion in an Israeli cohort of HIV-1-infected and uninfected hemophilia patients. CCR5基因32-bp缺失在以色列hiv -1感染和未感染血友病患者队列中的流行

Journal of human virology Pub Date : 1998-05-01

R Kantor, A Barzilai, D Varon, U Martinowitz, J M Gershoni

{"title":"Prevalence of a CCR5 gene 32-bp deletion in an Israeli cohort of HIV-1-infected and uninfected hemophilia patients.","authors":"R Kantor, A Barzilai, D Varon, U Martinowitz, J M Gershoni","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The recently discovered connection of chemokines and their receptors to HIV pathogenesis, and the description of the 32-bp deletion in the CCR5 gene (delta 32 CCR5), led to heightened excitement and numerous reports regarding their role in HIV transmission and disease progression. The populations in most of these reports, except for one, consisted of homosexual men. Our objective was to investigate the significance of delta 32 CCR5 in hemophilia patients in Israel.Study design/methods: We have determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) the prevalence of delta 32 CCR5 in 34 HIV-seropositive Israeli patients with hemophilia A and compared them with a control group of 42 HIV-seronegative hemophilia patients.Results: Thirteen heterozygotes were identified among the 76 hemophilia patients tested (allelic frequency, 8.5%), 5 (14.7%) among the HIV-seropositive patients, and 8 (19%) among the noninfected.Conclusions: No protective advantage to delta 32 CCR5 heterozygosity was seen as far as infection with HIV is concerned. However, a trend of a slower progression to AIDS in delta 32 CCR5 heterozygotes compared with wild-type homozygotes may be apparent, although no absolute correlation could be made.","PeriodicalId":80032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human virology","volume":"1 4","pages":"299-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21066704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cotransfection of mutated forms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag-Pol with wild-type constructs can interfere with processing and viral replication. 人类免疫缺陷病毒1型Gag-Pol突变形式与野生型构建物共转染可干扰加工和病毒复制。

Journal of human virology Pub Date : 1998-03-01

N Morin, E Cherry, X Li, M A Wainberg

{"title":"Cotransfection of mutated forms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag-Pol with wild-type constructs can interfere with processing and viral replication.","authors":"N Morin, E Cherry, X Li, M A Wainberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: We wished to generate a number of genetic constructs containing mutations in the protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) genes of the Gag-Pol of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and to transfect these constructs into COS-7 cells to determine their effect on wild-type (wt) viral replication.Results: The mutated Gag-Pol polyproteins were incorporated into viral particles. Gag-Pol proteins that were mutated in PR as well as combinations of mutations in PR and RT inhibited the production of fully processed and infectious viral particles when these constructs were coexpressed with the infectious HIV-1 molecular clone pBH10. Viral particles produced after cotransfection of COS-7 cells with both pBH10 and infectious constructs containing Gag-Pol, mutated in PR alone or in both RT and PR, showed abnormal processing and lower infectivity. Complementation experiments in which pBH10 mutated in PR was coexpressed with wt Gag-Pol showed that the latter could be incorporated into the viral particles that were generated. COS-7 cells stably transfected with Gag-Pol, mutated in PR or in both PR and RT, and subsequently transfected with pBH10, produced levels of p24 and RT activity that were substantially diminished in comparison with levels produced by cells transfected with wt pBH10 alone.Conclusions: These results suggest that trans-dominant effects were potentially responsible for the observed inhibition of viral replication.","PeriodicalId":80032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human virology","volume":"1 3","pages":"240-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21066766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

JC virus type 2B is found more frequently in brain tissue of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy patients than in urine from controls. 2B型JC病毒在进行性多灶性白质脑病患者脑组织中比在对照组尿液中更常见。

Journal of human virology Pub Date : 1998-03-01

H T Agostini, C F Ryschkewitsch, E J Singer, R W Baumhefner, G L Stoner

{"title":"JC virus type 2B is found more frequently in brain tissue of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy patients than in urine from controls.","authors":"H T Agostini, C F Ryschkewitsch, E J Singer, R W Baumhefner, G L Stoner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Previous studies have shown that strains of human polyomavirus JC (JCV) of Asian origin (type 2) are much more highly represented in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) brain than would be expected from their frequency of excretion in urine samples of a comparable control group. The present studies were designed to test whether one subtype of type 2 was preferentially elevated.Study design/methods: The statistical relation between JCV subtypes represented in PML brain tissue from 51 probands and those in urine samples from 115 control individuals was examined.Results: The proportion of the JCV subtype 2B in PML brain (36%) was highly significantly increased relative to its occurrence in control urine samples (5.9%; P < .001). Type 1 and its subtypes were not different in the PML brain and control urine cohorts. The number of type 4 strains in PML brains was reduced, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (P = .08).Conclusions: The results predict that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals at highest risk of PML infection are those carrying the JCV genotype known as type 2B. Prospective studies will be required to confirm this finding.","PeriodicalId":80032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human virology","volume":"1 3","pages":"200-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21066768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seroprevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 in several regions of Italy. 意大利几个地区卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒/人类疱疹病毒8的血清患病率

Journal of human virology Pub Date : 1998-03-01

M L Calabrò, J Sheldon, A Favero, G R Simpson, J R Fiore, E Gomes, G Angarano, L Chieco-Bianchi, T F Schulz

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 in several regions of Italy.","authors":"M L Calabrò, J Sheldon, A Favero, G R Simpson, J R Fiore, E Gomes, G Angarano, L Chieco-Bianchi, T F Schulz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the seroprevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus type 8 (KSHV/HHV-8) in 779 Italian blood donors.Study design/methods: Sera were tested for antibodies to a latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) and a capsid related protein encoded by ORF65.Results: Among all Italian donors, 17.7% and 18.7% had antibodies to LANA and ORF65 protein, respectively, and 24.1% had antibodies to at least one antigen. KSHV/HHV-8 seroprevalence was higher in the Po valley and in Sardinia than close to the sub-Alpine Veneto region, Tuscany, or Apulia. KSHV/HHV-8 seroprevalence was almost equally distributed between men and women but increased in the older age groups.Conclusions: The regional differences and age distribution in seroprevalence agree partially with the incidence of classic KS in Italy. The rarity of classic KS in KSHV/HHV-8-infected subjects and the equal gender distribution of seroprevalence suggest that other cofactors may contribute to KS development in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-uninfected individuals.","PeriodicalId":80032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human virology","volume":"1 3","pages":"207-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21066769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0