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Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health最新文献

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What do school children and teachers in rural Maharashtra think of AIDS and sex? 马哈拉施特拉邦农村地区的学生和老师对艾滋病和性的看法是什么?
Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health Pub Date : 1997-01-01
R K Verma, S Sureender, M Guruswamy
{"title":"What do school children and teachers in rural Maharashtra think of AIDS and sex?","authors":"R K Verma,&nbsp;S Sureender,&nbsp;M Guruswamy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper discusses findings on issues related to sex and AIDS based on focus-group discussions conducted among students and teachers in the rural areas of Maharashtra. Most students were not sure whether AIDS could affect them, or how it could be contracted; some standard IX girl students stated the need for sex education at early ages. Most teachers did not want to talk about sex or student sexual behaviour; they stressed moral issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":79945,"journal":{"name":"Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health","volume":"7 Suppl ","pages":"481-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21041777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
'Between a rock and a hard place': applied anthropology and AIDS research on a commercial farm in Zambia. “进退两难”:赞比亚一个商业农场的应用人类学和艾滋病研究。
Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health Pub Date : 1997-01-01
V Bond
{"title":"'Between a rock and a hard place': applied anthropology and AIDS research on a commercial farm in Zambia.","authors":"V Bond","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fieldwork on a commercial farm in southern Zambia, which was aimed at designing an HIV prevention program for farm workers, gradually exposed the nature of sexual liaisons between young girls, coming to work on the farm from the surrounding villages, and older migrant men workers. Before completing fieldwork, the anthropologist voiced her concern about the implications of these liaisons for the spread of STDs and HIV with the local rural community, farm management and farm workers. The immediate outcome of her intercessions was the decision by management to sack under-age workers. Although some members of the local community, including local research assistants, and some managers and workers welcomed this decision, others were angered by it. Caught between interest groups and conflicting guidelines, the anthropologist, it is argued, was in a no-win situation, 'between a rock and a hard place'. The paper proposes that the application of anthropological ethics in AIDS research needs some re-evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":79945,"journal":{"name":"Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health","volume":"7 Suppl 3 ","pages":"69-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21047736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
HIV/AIDS, change in sexual behaviour and community attitudes in Uganda. 乌干达的艾滋病毒/艾滋病、性行为的改变和社区态度。
Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health Pub Date : 1997-01-01
J P Ntozi, C T Kirunga
{"title":"HIV/AIDS, change in sexual behaviour and community attitudes in Uganda.","authors":"J P Ntozi,&nbsp;C T Kirunga","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The spread of HIV/AIDS is mostly through sexual intercourse and is largely influenced by behaviour and attitude. Data based on a sample of 1797 households are used to study changes in sexual behaviour and attitudes sickness and death in Ugandan communities, which were due to the realization that too many deaths were occurring in the community. Positive behaviour and attitudes include willingness to use condoms and go for HIV tests. Reasons for willingness and reluctance to test for HIV status are discussed. Changes of behaviour and attitude are significantly related to age, sex, education, ethnic group and number of AIDS patients and deaths known to a respondent.</p>","PeriodicalId":79945,"journal":{"name":"Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health","volume":"7 Suppl ","pages":"157-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21040918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Socio-economic determinants of HIV serostatus: a study of Rakai District, Uganda. 艾滋病毒血清状态的社会经济决定因素:乌干达拉凯地区的研究。
Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health Pub Date : 1997-01-01
C T Kirunga, J P Ntozi
{"title":"Socio-economic determinants of HIV serostatus: a study of Rakai District, Uganda.","authors":"C T Kirunga,&nbsp;J P Ntozi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the study was to establish the extent to which socio-economic status affects the acquisition of HIV. Data were collected in 1992 from 1784 respondents in Rakai district by the Rakai Project, with results for HIV serology and information on demographic, socio-economic and some behavioural variables. Level of education and urban residence were positively significantly related to HIV status both at bivariate and multivariate levels. Household wealth status was positively associated with HIV status at the bivariate level, but negatively related with HIV status at the multivariate level though not statistically significantly. Occupation was significantly associated with HIV status at the bivariate level and for one model at the multivariate level, but when occupation of the partner, travel destinations of partner and respondent, condom use and number of sexual partners in the previous year were introduced in a second model, occupation was not significantly related to HIV status.</p>","PeriodicalId":79945,"journal":{"name":"Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health","volume":"7 Suppl ","pages":"175-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21040919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Women's role in reproductive health decision making and vulnerability to STD and HIV/AIDS in Ekiti, Nigeria. 尼日利亚埃基蒂妇女在生殖健康决策中的作用以及对性病和艾滋病毒/艾滋病的易感性。
Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health Pub Date : 1997-01-01
I O Orubuloye, F Oguntimehin, T Sadiq
{"title":"Women's role in reproductive health decision making and vulnerability to STD and HIV/AIDS in Ekiti, Nigeria.","authors":"I O Orubuloye,&nbsp;F Oguntimehin,&nbsp;T Sadiq","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An exploratory study of women's role in reproductive decision making in Ekiti shows that women in the state are increasingly taking active decisions on matters affecting their daily lives. More women than ever before believed that they could take decisions on family size, when to have a baby and choice of spacing period. The cultural barrier against short postpartum abstinence appeared to have diminished and sex during lactation was not considered a major cultural and religious taboo. Knowledge of contraception has become universal in recent years, and the majority of women take decisions on the method and timing of family planning. All women who used family planning considered their decision in this regard very important. The ability of women to take decisions on these issues may not only enhance their bargaining power but also reduce their vulnerability to STDs including AIDS from diseased or high-risk partners.</p>","PeriodicalId":79945,"journal":{"name":"Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health","volume":"7 Suppl ","pages":"329-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21041771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
AIDS mortality in Uganda: circumstances, factors and impact of death. 乌干达艾滋病死亡率:死亡的情况、因素和影响。
Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health Pub Date : 1997-01-01
J P Ntozi, Y M Lubaale, I M Nakanaabi
{"title":"AIDS mortality in Uganda: circumstances, factors and impact of death.","authors":"J P Ntozi,&nbsp;Y M Lubaale,&nbsp;I M Nakanaabi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV/AIDS is a serious problem in sub-Saharan Africa. The disease affects the most sexually active adults of the population, who belong to the most productive age groups, and some of whom are breadwinners. The paper uses data from a baseline survey of six districts of Uganda to study the circumstances, factors and impact of death due to AIDS. While high proportions of patients of AIDS or related diseases use health facilities, most deaths occur at home. Deaths due to AIDS or related diseases are associated with sex, age, marital status, type of marriage, education, occupation and ethnicity. The worst effect of AIDS deaths on the household is lack of finance.</p>","PeriodicalId":79945,"journal":{"name":"Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health","volume":"7 Suppl ","pages":"207-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21040737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The AIDS epidemic and infant and child mortality in six districts of Uganda. 乌干达六个地区的艾滋病流行和婴幼儿死亡率。
Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health Pub Date : 1997-01-01
J P Ntozi, I M Nakanaabi
{"title":"The AIDS epidemic and infant and child mortality in six districts of Uganda.","authors":"J P Ntozi,&nbsp;I M Nakanaabi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several studies in sub-Saharan Africa have associated infant and child mortality with the AIDS epidemic in the region. The paper uses retrospective survey data of six districts in the east, south and west of Uganda to study infant and child mortality, which increased in the 1980s probably because of the AIDS epidemic and started declining in the early 1990s, a period when the epidemic was reported to be subsiding. Deeper analysis of data indicates that children whose parents are polygamous, educated, formally employed and in business are at a higher risk of death from AIDS and related illness. Although AIDS as a direct cause of death is the fourth leading killer of children, other serious diseases such as diarrhoea, respiratory infection and measles are associated with AIDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":79945,"journal":{"name":"Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health","volume":"7 Suppl ","pages":"189-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21040920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Awareness and knowledge of AIDS among Indian women: evidence from 13 states. 印度妇女对艾滋病的认识和了解:来自13个邦的证据。
Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health Pub Date : 1997-01-01
D Balk, S Lahiri
{"title":"Awareness and knowledge of AIDS among Indian women: evidence from 13 states.","authors":"D Balk,&nbsp;S Lahiri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over 30,000 ever-married women in 13 (out of 25) Indian states where HIV is thought to be highly prevalent-Maharashtra, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, and ten other less populous states-were surveyed about their awareness and knowledge of AIDS. Only one in six women had heard of AIDS. Among those, knowledge about transmission and prevention is poor. Multivariate analyses reveal that rural, poorly educated, and poor women are the least likely to be AIDS-aware and if aware, have the poorest understanding of the syndrome. Despite low levels of awareness and knowledge, we find a strong positive association between AIDS awareness and knowledge and condom use.</p>","PeriodicalId":79945,"journal":{"name":"Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health","volume":"7 Suppl ","pages":"421-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21041775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring partner communication and patterns of sexual networking: qualitative research to improve management of sexually transmitted diseases. 探索伴侣沟通和性网络模式:改进性传播疾病管理的定性研究。
Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health Pub Date : 1997-01-01
A Harrison, M Lurie, N Wilkinson
{"title":"Exploring partner communication and patterns of sexual networking: qualitative research to improve management of sexually transmitted diseases.","authors":"A Harrison,&nbsp;M Lurie,&nbsp;N Wilkinson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This ethnographic research among rural South African men and women seeking care for STDs explores constraints to communication among partners and defines predominant patterns of sexual networking. A series of fifteen open-ended interviews explored topics related to sexual networking and partner communication. Patterns of sexual networking showed clear gender variation, with men more likely to discuss multiple partners. Both men and women believed they should tell one partner about their STD, most often a steady partner. Strong distinctions were made between regular and casual partners, with an emphasis on the role of trust in a steady relationship. Men and women expressed anxiety about telling their partners of their illness, but women more often expressed fear whereas men felt embarrassed. Multi-partnered sexuality is common and is widely accepted for men. While the importance of regular partnerships is clear for both men and women, sexual relationships appear to be highly unstable. Communication among partners could be facilitated by stronger health promotion messages, such as the importance of telling a partner about an STD. Prevailing patterns of communication and sexual networking have profound implications for the STD epidemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":79945,"journal":{"name":"Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health","volume":"7 Suppl 3 ","pages":"103-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21047735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of AIDS on children: the problem of orphans in Uganda. 艾滋病对儿童的影响:乌干达的孤儿问题。
Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health Pub Date : 1997-01-01
J P Ntozi
{"title":"Effect of AIDS on children: the problem of orphans in Uganda.","authors":"J P Ntozi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The problem of orphans is serious in sub-Saharan Africa and has been increasing with the deaths of both parents from AIDS. A study of six districts of Uganda conducted in 1992 investigated the problem. Almost all the orphans are cared for by their extended family members who made the decisions to do so. It is recommended that more assistance be given to the family to enhance its capacity to cope with increased orphans expected in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":79945,"journal":{"name":"Health transition review : the cultural, social, and behavioural determinants of health","volume":"7 Suppl ","pages":"23-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21040739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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