Health policy and education最新文献_第6页

Health and education expenditure in the United Kingdom: What priority? 联合王国的保健和教育支出:优先事项是什么?

Health policy and education Pub Date : 1981-03-01 Epub Date: 2004-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/0165-2281(81)90006-0

Donald P. Forster, Brian J. Francis, C.E. Brian Frost, Paul J. Heath

引用次数: 2

A comparison of the professional values and career orientations of male and female medical students: Some unintended consequences of U.S. public policy 男女医学生职业价值观和职业取向的比较:美国公共政策的一些意想不到的后果

Health policy and education Pub Date : 1981-03-01 Epub Date: 2004-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/0165-2281(81)90003-5

Gary L. Burkett, Dorothy E. Kurz

{"title":"A comparison of the professional values and career orientations of male and female medical students: Some unintended consequences of U.S. public policy","authors":"Gary L. Burkett, Dorothy E. Kurz","doi":"10.1016/0165-2281(81)90003-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0165-2281(81)90003-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the 1970s, partly as a response to U.S. public policy which promoted the objective of equal opportunity for women, there was a dramatic increase in the proportion of women entering careers in medicine. Some observers have expressed the expectation that these women physicians will promote progressive changes in health care and that they will be more likely to emphasize “humanistic” aspects of treating patients. This paper presents data from a national survey of U.S. medical students which provides a comparison of several relevant characteristics of these male and female students. There are several important areas where significant differences are apparent. Women students are more likely to place greater importance on the desire to help people as a career motivation, for example, and are less likely to express satisfaction with the status quo in American health care. There are also significant male-female differences in career plans with respect to areas such as specialty choice and preference for practice setting. These findings are used to consider the question of the probable impact of increased numbers of women physicians on the future of American health care. Projections for the future are made more difficult because of important changes within the medical profession and in the context of health care organization, but it is clear that women physicians do represent some potential for progressive change in American medicine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79937,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and education","volume":"2 1","pages":"Pages 33-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0165-2281(81)90003-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21118355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Health education: Structural vs. behavioral perspectives 健康教育:结构与行为的观点

Health policy and education Pub Date : 1981-03-01 Epub Date: 2004-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/0165-2281(81)90004-7

Albert C. Watts, Charles L. Breindel

引用次数: 2

Whither public health? 公共卫生何去何从?

Health policy and education Pub Date : 1980-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/S0165-2281(80)80021-X

Howard S. Berliner

引用次数: 1

The participation of the united states government in providing financial support for medical education 美国政府参与为医学教育提供财政支持

Health policy and education Pub Date : 1980-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/S0165-2281(79)80004-1

John O. Lostetter, John E. Chapman

{"title":"The participation of the united states government in providing financial support for medical education","authors":"John O. Lostetter, John E. Chapman","doi":"10.1016/S0165-2281(79)80004-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0165-2281(79)80004-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper examines the different issues and topics related to the support of medical education with specific emphasis on federal support. The importance of such an analysis lies in the fact that the current legislation, the Health Professions Educational Assistance Act of 1976 (P.L. 94-484), expires on September 30, 1980. Preparations for new legislation are currently under way. Therefore, discussions, such as those presented in this paper, are appropriate and should be part of the current literature with the hope of generating ideas from potential readers.</p><p>Education, as developed in the US, has been strongly viewed throughout history as a public right (an inherent individual right) which produces public benefits. A discussion of this issue is presented along with an historical analysis of federal support for higher education, including medical education. The purpose is to establish the case that federal involvement (investment) has been and is at such a level that discontinued support could not be absorbed at the local or state level. Conditions and restrictions of federal support are also included in this section.</p><p>Another section of the paper discusses the financial structure (sources of support, costs) found in most medical schools with an emphasis on the need for federal support both in terms of the amount and type of aid desired. The major points stressed are related to preserving institutional autonomy, diversity, and integrity and maintaining equality of educational opportunity. Alternative sources and types of financial support are discussed. The paper concludes with a summary of major points leading to the authors' position of continuing, unrestricted federal support for medical education on an institutional basis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79937,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and education","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 27-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0165-2281(79)80004-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21169142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of financial incentives on physicians' specialty and location decisions 财政激励对医生专业和地点决策的影响

Health policy and education Pub Date : 1980-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/S0165-2281(80)80019-1

Mary A. Fruen , Jack Hadley, Samuel P. Korper

引用次数: 15

Handicap or disability: The davis case 残障或残疾:戴维斯案

Health policy and education Pub Date : 1980-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/S0165-2281(80)80011-7

Marshall Macleod

引用次数: 0

Medical education at king abdulaziz university 阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学的医学教育

Health policy and education Pub Date : 1980-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/S0165-2281(79)80007-7

Abdullah Basalamah, Edwin Rossinski, Henry Schumacher

{"title":"Medical education at king abdulaziz university","authors":"Abdullah Basalamah, Edwin Rossinski, Henry Schumacher","doi":"10.1016/S0165-2281(79)80007-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0165-2281(79)80007-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In developing the medical school at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, a considerable amount of planning took place to design a curriculum which would be responsive to the health needs of the Kingdom as well as producing graduates to assume leadership roles in medical education, medical practice, and medical research. The curriculum which was finally developed is a post-secondary, seven-year program. The outstanding features include general overall and specific behavioral objectives: a core curriculum which is required of all students enrolled in the health professions; early orientation to the health professions so that a health team attitude can be developed; and the behavioral sciences and human biology introduced at an early stage. Islamic studies deal with a variety of issues related to Islamic life and electives are available in the first year of the program. Introduction to clerkships is an activity that prepares students for greater responsibility for patients. Students are evaluated constantly during their academic progression and a bachelor of science degree is awarded after completion of four years. To proceed further in the medical curriculum, a student must successfully complete a comprehensive examination. A variety of clinical settings will be used and a medical degree awarded upon completion of the curriculum. A teacher development program to strengthen teaching competence will be available.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79937,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and education","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 107-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0165-2281(79)80007-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21114979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Health planning in the united states: Where we stand today 美国的健康计划:我们今天的处境

Health policy and education Pub Date : 1980-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/S0165-2281(79)80003-X

Harry P. Cain II, Helen N. Darling (Thornberry)

{"title":"Health planning in the united states: Where we stand today","authors":"Harry P. Cain II, Helen N. Darling (Thornberry)","doi":"10.1016/S0165-2281(79)80003-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0165-2281(79)80003-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper reports on the status of the implementation of the national health planning program mandated by Congress in the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-641). The law created and financed a two-tiered planning network of more than 260 local and state planning agencies. The paper gives a very brief history of previous efforts in health planning and describes some of the environmental factors — rampant cost inflation and proliferation and redundancy of high cost technology and facilities — which triggered interest in controlling capital investment in the health sector.</p><p>The major structural features of the statute and the progress made by 1977 in constructing the program are described. The rationale and the requirements related to particular Plan documents are explained, as are the Certificate of Need law provisions and Appropriateness Review.</p><p>The authors argue that this program is different from previous planning efforts in several fundamental respects including who the major actors are, the importance given to an empirical, population-based, systems approach to planning, the availability of technical assistance and the emphasis on plan implementation.</p><p>While there is evidence of progress in health planning, some persistent policy problems such as unrealistically high expectations, the inadequacy of the knowledge base, insufficient time and patience to allow for agency maturation, conflicts in governance, assuring public accountability, and the desirability of further regulation of the health industry still remain unresolved. The authors conclude that, compared to the apparent alternatives, this health planning program is the best way to go and should succeed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79937,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and education","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 5-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0165-2281(79)80003-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21114980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Assuring professional competence in medicine: Expectations of the public 确保医学专业能力:公众的期望

Health policy and education Pub Date : 1980-01-01 Epub Date: 2005-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/S0165-2281(80)80022-1

Melvin A. Glasser

{"title":"Assuring professional competence in medicine: Expectations of the public","authors":"Melvin A. Glasser","doi":"10.1016/S0165-2281(80)80022-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0165-2281(80)80022-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A trend toward increased public involvement in assuring professional competence in medicine has resulted as an outgrowth of the consumer movement, the public disenchantment with many traditional institutions, including professions, and broad social acceptance of the concept of health care as a basic human right. Expectations of consumers and the public include a broader definition of professional competence which includes caring and ability to communicate as aspects of curing. Knowledgeable consumers are concerned that inadequate safeguards exist to preclude physicians from practicing beyond their scope of competence and to assure continued competence of a physician over time. While assuring competence is the responsibility of the medical profession, it serves a public function and must be held accountable to public and consumer interests. Consumers should be involved more directly in the process. They can bring valuable judgment to the human questions relating to competence. They can bring a more holistic and humanitarian view to the process. Involvement of consumers, particularly in relation to hearing grievances, would serve to increase public confidence in certifying institutions. They can help assure that public, not merely professional, interests are served. To assure that consumer representation makes a significant contribution, consumer members of certifying bodies should be provided with adequate orientation, continued training and direct staff assistance to aid in understanding technical issues and evaluating technical recommendations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79937,"journal":{"name":"Health policy and education","volume":"1 2","pages":"Pages 187-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0165-2281(80)80022-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21117436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0