Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics最新文献_第6页

Functional Roles of Parasitic Plants in a Warming World 寄生植物在全球变暖中的功能作用

IF 11.8 1区生物学

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102320-115331

D. Watson, R. McLellan, F. Fontúrbel

{"title":"Functional Roles of Parasitic Plants in a Warming World","authors":"D. Watson, R. McLellan, F. Fontúrbel","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102320-115331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102320-115331","url":null,"abstract":"We consider the mechanistic basis and functional significance of the pervasive influence of parasitic plants on productivity and diversity, synthesizing recent findings on their responses to drought, heat waves, and fire. Although parasites represent just 1% of all angiosperms, the ecophysiological traits associated with parasitism confer pronounced impacts on their hosts and disproportionate influence upon community structure, composition, and broader ecosystem function. New insights into the roles of their pollinators, seed dispersers, and litter-dependent detritivores have advanced our understanding of how parasitic plants modulate animal communities via their extended and complementary phenology. Direct and indirect impacts of climate change on parasitic plants and their ecological roles are already apparent. Trade-offs between maximizing efficiency at obtaining water from hosts and sensitivity to water stress underlie range shifts and host switching of parasitic plants and increased reliance on these plants by animal communities for food and shelter. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 53 is November 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89785402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Complexity, Evolvability, and the Process of Adaptation 复杂性、可进化性和适应过程

IF 11.8 1区生物学

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102320-090809

D. Houle, Daniela M. Rossoni

引用次数: 5

Epistasis and Adaptation on Fitness Landscapes 适应性景观的上位性与适应性

IF 11.8 1区生物学

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102320-112153

Claudia Bank

{"title":"Epistasis and Adaptation on Fitness Landscapes","authors":"Claudia Bank","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102320-112153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102320-112153","url":null,"abstract":"Epistasis occurs when the effect of a mutation depends on its carrier's genetic background. Despite increasing evidence that epistasis for fitness is common, its role during evolution is contentious. Fitness landscapes, which are mappings of genotype or phenotype to fitness, capture the full extent and complexity of epistasis. Fitness landscape theory has shown how epistasis affects the course and the outcome of evolution. Moreover, by measuring the competitive fitness of sets of tens to thousands of connected genotypes, empirical fitness landscapes have shown that epistasis is frequent and depends on the fitness measure, the choice of mutations for the landscape, and the environment in which it was measured. In this article, I review fitness landscape theory and experiments and their implications for the role of epistasis in adaptation. I discuss theoretical expectations in the light of empirical fitness landscapes and highlight open challenges and future directions toward integrating theory and data and incorporating ecological factors. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 53 is November 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73047277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Evolvability: A Quantitative-Genetics Perspective 进化:一个数量遗传学的观点

IF 11.8 1区生物学

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Pub Date : 2021-11-02 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-011121-021241

T. F. Hansen, C. Pélabon

引用次数: 27

A Dual Role for Behavior in Evolution and Shaping Organismal Selective Environments 行为在进化和形成生物选择环境中的双重作用

IF 11.8 1区生物学

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Pub Date : 2021-11-02 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012921-052523

W. Wcislo

引用次数: 3

Effects of Selection at Linked Sites on Patterns of Genetic Variability. 连锁位点选择对遗传变异模式的影响。

IF 11.8 1区生物学

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-010621-044528

Brian Charlesworth, Jeffrey D Jensen

{"title":"Effects of Selection at Linked Sites on Patterns of Genetic Variability.","authors":"Brian Charlesworth, Jeffrey D Jensen","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-010621-044528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-010621-044528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patterns of variation and evolution at a given site in a genome can be strongly influenced by the effects of selection at genetically linked sites. In particular, the recombination rates of genomic regions correlate with their amount of within-population genetic variability, the degree to which the frequency distributions of DNA sequence variants differ from their neutral expectations, and the levels of adaptation of their functional components. We review the major population genetic processes that are thought to lead to these patterns, focusing on their effects on patterns of variability: selective sweeps, background selection, associative overdominance, and Hill-Robertson interference among deleterious mutations. We emphasize the difficulties in distinguishing among the footprints of these processes and disentangling them from the effects of purely demographic factors such as population size changes. We also discuss how interactions between selective and demographic processes can significantly affect patterns of variability within genomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":"52 ","pages":"177-197"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10120885/pdf/nihms-1843094.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9392038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 47

Cascading Impacts of Seed Disperser Loss on Plant Communities and Ecosystems 种子传播者损失对植物群落和生态系统的级联影响

IF 11.8 1区生物学

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Pub Date : 2021-09-08 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012221-111742

Haldre S. Rogers, Isabel Donoso, A. Traveset, Evan C. Fricke

{"title":"Cascading Impacts of Seed Disperser Loss on Plant Communities and Ecosystems","authors":"Haldre S. Rogers, Isabel Donoso, A. Traveset, Evan C. Fricke","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012221-111742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012221-111742","url":null,"abstract":"Seed dispersal is key to the persistence and spread of plant populations. Because the majority of plant species rely on animals to disperse their seeds, global change drivers that directly affect animals can cause cascading impacts on plant communities. In this review, we synthesize studies assessing how disperser loss alters plant populations, community patterns, multitrophic interactions, and ecosystem functioning. We argue that the magnitude of risk to plants from disperser loss is shaped by the combination of a plant species’ inherent dependence on seed dispersers and the severity of the hazards faced by their dispersers. Because the factors determining a plant species’ risk of decline due to disperser loss can be related to traits of the plants and dispersers, our framework enables a trait-based understanding of change in plant community composition and ecosystem functioning. We discuss how interactions among plants, among dispersers, and across other trophic levels also mediate plant community responses, and we identify areas for future research to understand and mitigate the consequences of disperser loss on plants globally. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80459723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 47

Causes and Consequences of Apparent Timescaling Across All Estimated Evolutionary Rates 在所有估计的进化速率中明显时间尺度的原因和后果

IF 11.8 1区生物学

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Pub Date : 2021-09-08 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-011921-023644

L. Harmon, Matthew W. Pennell, L. F. Henao-Diaz, J. Rolland, Breanna Sipley, J. Uyeda

{"title":"Causes and Consequences of Apparent Timescaling Across All Estimated Evolutionary Rates","authors":"L. Harmon, Matthew W. Pennell, L. F. Henao-Diaz, J. Rolland, Breanna Sipley, J. Uyeda","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-011921-023644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-011921-023644","url":null,"abstract":"Evolutionary rates play a central role in connecting micro- and macroevolution. All evolutionary rate estimates, including rates of molecular evolution, trait evolution, and lineage diversification, share a similar scaling pattern with time: The highest rates are those measured over the shortest time interval. This creates a disconnect between micro- and macroevolution, although the pattern is the opposite of what some might expect: Patterns of change over short timescales predict that evolution has tremendous potential to create variation and that potential is barely tapped by macroevolution. In this review, we discuss this shared scaling pattern across evolutionary rates. We break down possible explanations for scaling into two categories, estimation error and model misspecification, and discuss how both apply to each type of rate. We also discuss the consequences of this ubiquitous pattern, which can lead to unexpected results when comparing rates over different timescales. Finally, after addressing purely statistical concerns, we explore a few possibilities for a shared unifying explanation across the three types of rates that results from a failure to fully understand and account for how biological processes scale over time. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80974716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

What Have We Learned from the First 500 Avian Genomes? 我们从前500个鸟类基因组中学到了什么?

IF 11.8 1区生物学

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Pub Date : 2021-09-08 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012121-085928

Gustavo A. Bravo, C. J. Schmitt, S. Edwards

{"title":"What Have We Learned from the First 500 Avian Genomes?","authors":"Gustavo A. Bravo, C. J. Schmitt, S. Edwards","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012121-085928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012121-085928","url":null,"abstract":"The increased capacity of DNA sequencing has significantly advanced our understanding of the phylogeny of birds and the proximate and ultimate mechanisms molding their genomic diversity. In less than a decade, the number of available avian reference genomes has increased to over 500—approximately 5% of bird diversity—placing birds in a privileged position to advance the fields of phylogenomics and comparative, functional, and population genomics. Whole-genome sequence data, as well as indels and rare genomic changes, are further resolving the avian tree of life. The accumulation of bird genomes, increasingly with long-read sequence data, greatly improves the resolution of genomic features such as germline-restricted chromosomes and the W chromosome, and is facilitating the comparative integration of genotypes and phenotypes. Community-based initiatives such as the Bird 10,000 Genomes Project and Vertebrate Genome Project are playing a fundamental role in amplifying and coalescing a vibrant international program in avian comparative genomics. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77448490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Evolution of Thermal Sensitivity in Changing and Variable Climates 变化和变气候条件下热敏性的演化

IF 11.8 1区生物学

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Pub Date : 2021-09-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-011521-102856

Lauren B. Buckley, J. Kingsolver

{"title":"Evolution of Thermal Sensitivity in Changing and Variable Climates","authors":"Lauren B. Buckley, J. Kingsolver","doi":"10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-011521-102856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-011521-102856","url":null,"abstract":"Evolutionary adaptation to temperature and climate depends on both the extent to which organisms experience spatial and temporal environmental variation (exposure) and how responsive they are to the environmental variation (sensitivity). Theoretical models and experiments suggesting substantial potential for thermal adaptation have largely omitted realistic environmental variation. Environmental variation can drive fluctuations in selection that slow adaptive evolution. We review how carefully filtering environmental conditions based on how organisms experience their environment and further considering organismal sensitivity can improve predictions of thermal adaptation. We contrast taxa differing in exposure and sensitivity. Plasticity can increase the rate of evolutionary adaptation in taxa exposed to pronounced environmental variation. However, forms of plasticity that severely limit exposure, such as behavioral thermoregulation and phenological shifts, can hinder thermal adaptation. Despite examples of rapid thermal adaptation, experimental studies often reveal evolutionary constraints. Further investigating these constraints and issues of timescale and thermal history are needed to predict evolutionary adaptation and, consequently, population persistence in changing and variable environments. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 52 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7988,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83044510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24