Contributions to microbiology最新文献_第9页

Structural biology of prions. 朊病毒的结构生物学。

Contributions to microbiology Pub Date : 2004-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000060374

R. Cappai, S. Collins

引用次数: 13

Modulation of the vascular endothelium during infection--the role of NF-kappa B activation. 感染期间血管内皮的调节——nf - κ B活化的作用。

Contributions to microbiology Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000068133

Angelika Bierhaus, Peter P Nawroth

引用次数: 18

Modulation of membrane traffic by microorganisms. 微生物对膜传输的调节。

Contributions to microbiology Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000068131

Hans Tapper, Heiko Herwald

引用次数: 2

The role of chemokines in sepsis and septic shock. 趋化因子在脓毒症和感染性休克中的作用。

Contributions to microbiology Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000068130

Craig Murdoch, Adam Finn

引用次数: 8

Antimicrobial peptides as effector molecules of mammalian host defense. 抗菌肽作为哺乳动物宿主防御的效应分子。

Contributions to microbiology Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000068134

C L Bevins

引用次数: 27

CD1 antigen presentation and infectious disease. CD1抗原呈递与传染病。

Contributions to microbiology Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000068136

Christopher C Dascher, Michael B Brenner

{"title":"CD1 antigen presentation and infectious disease.","authors":"Christopher C Dascher, Michael B Brenner","doi":"10.1159/000068136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000068136","url":null,"abstract":"Taken together, the data generated thus far strongly suggest that CD1 plays a role in the immune response against various infections (table 1). For obvious reasons, the data gathered thus far using model infection systems have focused primarily on the mouse and therefore only examine the role of CD1d. This leaves an important gap in our understanding of the CD1 antigen presentation pathway given the potential role of CD1a, CD1b and CD1c for contributing to antimicrobial immunity. The functional dichotomy between group 1 and group 2 CD1 isoforms obviously requires further analysis. However, we propose that the group 1 CD1 (CD1a, CD1b, CD1c) antigen presentation pathway is closer to the traditional adaptive immune response mechanisms with the capacity to present unique foreign antigens to specific T cells. This broadens the universe antigens that T cells can use to target pathogens and provides important antimicrobial effector mechanisms that may be critical for combating some types of infections. Lipid antigens may also provide a more effective means of targeting intracellular pathogens by T cells since CD1 is able to sample almost all of the intracellular reservoirs that are exploited by this class of pathogen and may provide an important component of the cytotoxic T cell response [80]. On the other hand, the group 2 CD1 protein (CD1d) may be more intermediate in terms of lying functionally between the innate and adaptive immune systems. The activation of CD1d-restricted T cells may, therefore, help bridge the temporal gap between the onset of innate immunity and the purely adaptive responses typified by the MHC-restricted T cells. Hence, the CD1d-restricted [table: see text] T cells are primed for rapid high-level cytokine release. In addition, the interaction of CD1d-restricted T cells with CD1d on DCs can trigger the release of IL-4 and GM-CSF to promote maturation of tissue-resident DC at the site of infection. The maturation of tissue DC would lead to migration of the activated DC to regional lymph nodes and initiation of MHC-restricted T cell responses. Subsequent IL-12 production by the DC in response to CD1d-mediated T cell stimulation could then drive IFN-gamma production by CD1d-restricted T cells and influence the polarization of the T cell response to infection. In addition, early bursts of IFN-gamma by CD1d-restricted T cells could also upregulate antimicrobial activity in macrophages and activate other important effector cells such as NK cells prior to MHC-restricted T cell responses. In the constant struggle between the microbial pathogen and its host, the evolutionary balance almost always favors the microbe. The rapid rate of evolution and adaptation of the microbe accounts for most of this advantage. Hence, it is not surprising that the host immune system has evolved a complex set of pathways, in addition to the MHC, that are able to recognize and target the unique molecular signatures of infectious microorganisms. The lip","PeriodicalId":79855,"journal":{"name":"Contributions to microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000068136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22198690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

The role of chemokine receptors in the promotion of viral infections. 趋化因子受体在促进病毒感染中的作用。

Contributions to microbiology Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000068137

Yingying Le, Youhong Cui, Guoguang Ying, Pablo Iribarren, Ji Ming Wang

引用次数: 6

Molecular and cellular mechanisms of bacterial entry into host cells. 细菌进入宿主细胞的分子和细胞机制。

Contributions to microbiology Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000068128

Petra Dersch

引用次数: 12

Role of toll-like receptors in response to bacterial infection. toll样受体在细菌感染应答中的作用。

Contributions to microbiology Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000068135

Cheryl J Hertz, Robert L Modlin

引用次数: 9

Virally encoded chemokines and chemokine receptors in the role of viral infections. 病毒编码的趋化因子和趋化因子受体在病毒感染中的作用。

Contributions to microbiology Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000068138

Peter J Holst, Hans R Lüttichau, Thue W Schwartz, Mette M Rosenkilde

{"title":"Virally encoded chemokines and chemokine receptors in the role of viral infections.","authors":"Peter J Holst, Hans R Lüttichau, Thue W Schwartz, Mette M Rosenkilde","doi":"10.1159/000068138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000068138","url":null,"abstract":"Large DNA viruses such as pox- and in particular herpesviruses are notorious in their ability to evade the immune system and to be maintained in the general population. Based on the accumulated knowledge reviewed in this study it is evident that important mechanisms of these actions are the acquisition and modification of host-encoded chemokines and chemokine receptors. The described viral molecules leave nothing to chance and have thoroughly and efficiently corrupted the host immune system. Through this process viruses have identified key molecules in antiviral responses by their inhibition of these or potent ways to alter an efficient antiviral response to a weak Th2-driven response. Examples here are the chemokine scavenging by US28, attractance of Th2 cells and regulatory cells by vMIP1-3 and the selective engaging of CCR8 by MC148. Important insights into viral pathology and possible targets for antiviral therapies have been provided by UL33, UL78 and in particular ORF74 and the chances are that many more will follow. In HHV8 vMIP-2 and the chemokine-binding proteins potent anti-inflammatory agents have been provided. These have already had their potential demonstrated in animal models and may in their native or modified forms represent useful therapies in humans.","PeriodicalId":79855,"journal":{"name":"Contributions to microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000068138","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22198693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17