Neuropsychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology最新文献

{"title":"The perception of emotional chimeric faces in schizophrenia: further evidence of right hemisphere dysfunction.","authors":"K. Kucharska-Pietura, A. David, P. Dropko, M. Klimkowski","doi":"10.1097/01.WNN.0000022842.51981.D3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.WNN.0000022842.51981.D3","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000To examine lateral perceptual bias, an index of right hemisphere function, and its relation to performance on a standard facial perception test and to clinical variables in a large sample of first episode and chronic schizophrenia.\u0000\u0000\u0000BACKGROUND\u0000Judgments made on chimeric faces reliably elicit a perceptual bias to the left hemispace, presumed to be a result of right hemisphere dominance for spatial attention. Recent studies have suggested that this bias is reduced or absent in people with schizophrenia.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Fifty first-episode and 50 patients with chronic schizophrenic and 50 control subjects were given a brief neuropsychologic battery that included a Happy-Sad Chimeric Face test and the Benton Facial Recognition Test. All patients were rated on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale of Schizophrenia after 4 weeks of neuroleptic treatment. All were right handed\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The patients with schizophrenia showed a significantly weaker perceptual left hemispatial bias compared with controls. In fact the mean bias was in the opposite direction in the chronic group. There was no correlation between left hemispatial bias and either positive or negative symptoms, current medication dose, or mood. Results from the Benton test revealed a performance deficit among the patients with schizophrenia compared with controls but was not correlated with performance on the chimeric faces test in the patients.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000The results confirm a specific deficit in right hemisphere attentional functions in schizophrenia, which is separate from a general impairment in facial processing. The deficit is most marked in chronic patients but further study is required to determine whether this is a consequence of prolonged illness.","PeriodicalId":79516,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology","volume":"9 1","pages":"72-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88317736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negative symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder: a preliminary report.","authors":"I I Galynker,&nbsp;L J Cohen,&nbsp;J Cai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine negative symptoms (NSs) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and their relation to depressive symptoms (DSs) and other psychiatric symptoms.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Features similar to NSs were previously described in patients with depression.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), and Mini-Mental State Examination were administered to 23 patients with MDD and 10 normal control subjects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As expected, the mean scores of the HRSD, SANS, and negative symptom subscale of the PANSS of the patients with MDD were significantly higher than those of control subjects, validating the clinical significance of NSs as well as DSs in MDD patients. Within the MDD group, although measures of NSs were intercorrelated, there were no other correlations between the measures. Thus, measures of NSs and DSs were not intercorrelated. When the HRSD was divided in two subscales, HRSD negative symptom subscale scores but not HRSD depressive symptom subscale scores were correlated with PANSS negative symptom subscale and SANS total scores as well as with scores on the affective flattening subscale.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest a high level of NSs in patients with MDD, which are distinct from positive symptoms of depression and may constitute a distinct dimension. Negative symptoms and DSs in MDD may represent separate constructs. Further, the HRSD might have possible subscales in MDD as it does in schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":79516,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology","volume":"13 3","pages":"171-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21749768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurologic examination abnormalities in schizophrenia with and without a history of alcoholism.","authors":"D N Allen,&nbsp;G Goldstein,&nbsp;S D Forman,&nbsp;M S Keshavan,&nbsp;D P van Kammen,&nbsp;R D Sanders","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current investigation examines the impact of a past history of alcoholism on neurologic examination abnormalities in schizophrenia (SZ).</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with SZ have a high rate of comorbid alcohol use disorders (AUDs), but relatively little is known about the potential adverse consequences of alcoholism for neuropsychological and neurologic functioning in SZ. Recent evidence suggests consistent but subtle neurocognitive differences between groups, with more prominent differences in neurologic examination abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Thirty-three male patients with SZ or SZ/AUDs were evaluated using a modified Neurologic Evaluation Scale (NES) and ratings for positive and negative symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SZ/AUD group exhibited a greater impairment in the Cognitive-Perceptual factor of the Neurologic Evaluation Scale. Greater impairment in the tandem-Romberg factor or in motor items was not found, nor were groups different based on positive or negative symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A history of alcoholism in SZ is associated with greater overall neurologic impairment, particularly in the area of cognitive-perceptual dysfunction, an area often found to be impaired in patients with schizophrenia without alcoholism.</p>","PeriodicalId":79516,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology","volume":"13 3","pages":"184-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21749770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative electroencephalographic correlates of psychosis in Alzheimer disease.","authors":"T Edwards-Lee,&nbsp;I Cook,&nbsp;L Fairbanks,&nbsp;A Leuchter,&nbsp;J L Cummings","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We hypothesized that the distinctive neurobiology of Alzheimer disease (AD) with psychosis would be reflected in more severe abnormalities in frontal and temporal regions on quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG).</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with AD and psychosis have more rapid cognitive decline and greater pathologic involvement of frontal and temporal cortex than AD patients without psychotic features.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We evaluated brain function using QEEG in a group of 44 patients who had a diagnosis of probable or possible AD. All patients were administered the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory to assess psychiatric symptoms, including the presence of hallucinations and delusions. Absolute and relative power in patients with and without psychosis were compared to determine if there were regional or global QEEG differences in these two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with psychosis showed greater overall absolute and relative delta power but no regional predominance of slowing compared with those without psychosis. Those with psychosis had a concomitant decrease in relative alpha power. These differences remained after adjustment for different dementia severity in the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This finding suggests more severe brain dysfunction in patients with psychosis than in those with similar levels of cognitive impairment but without psychosis. The QEEG abnormalities were not regionally specific and involved all areas assessed.</p>","PeriodicalId":79516,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology","volume":"13 3","pages":"163-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21750533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression, psychomotor retardation, negative symptoms, and memory in schizophrenia.","authors":"G Brébion,&nbsp;X Amador,&nbsp;M Smith,&nbsp;D Malaspina,&nbsp;Z Sharif,&nbsp;J M Gorman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine the relations between depression, psychomotor retardation, and negative symptoms in schizophrenia as well as the specific contribution of each of these factors to memory impairment.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>It has been suggested that depression overlaps with negative symptomatology in schizophrenia. The relation between psychomotor retardation and negative symptomatology has been unclear.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, The Positive and Negative Symptom Scale for Schizophrenia, and Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms were used to assess depressive and negative symptomatology in a sample of patients with schizophrenia. Verbal memory performance was assessed by a free recall test. Two indices of processing speed were measured. Correlations among variables were computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Depression score was correlated with the avolition item from the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms and with both measures of processing speed. Negative symptomatology was unrelated to processing speed. Memory performance was correlated with depression score, slowing of processing speed, and avolition. Its correlation with depression score and processing speed remained significant when the other factors were partialled out.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Memory performance in schizophrenia may be affected by lack of motivation, psychomotor retardation, and depression. It is suggested that negative symptoms could be split between a volitional component linked to depression and cognitive efficiency and an emotional component unrelated to them.</p>","PeriodicalId":79516,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology","volume":"13 3","pages":"177-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21749769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A program for neuropsychological investigation of deep brain stimulation (PNIDBS) in movement disorder patients: development, feasibility, and preliminary data.","authors":"C E Morrison,&nbsp;J C Borod,&nbsp;M F Brin,&nbsp;S A Raskin,&nbsp;I M Germano,&nbsp;D J Weisz,&nbsp;C W Olanow","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This technical report and feasibility study propose a standardized method for collecting neuropsychological data in patients undergoing the deep brain stimulation (DBS) procedure.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Programs for standardizing motor data collected in studies investigating surgical therapies for Parkinson disease are already widely used (e.g., Core Assessment Program for Intracerebral Transplantations). The development and rationale for the proposed Program for Neuropsychological Investigation of Deep Brain Stimulation (PNIDBS) are outlined, and support for the feasibility of these methodologies is provided via preliminary data.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The PNIDBS includes a core battery of neuropsychological tests that assesses a wide range of cognitive functions (attention, language, visuospatial, memory, and executive) as well as depression. Using the PNIDBS, three Parkinson disease and two dystonia patients were evaluated at baseline and after surgery, once with stimulation off and once with stimulation on.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with severe motor disabilities were able to complete the PNIDBS. These preliminary data suggest that the DBS procedure as a whole had a minimal impact on cognitive functioning in most patients studied. There was also some evidence that the one patient who showed cognitive decline after the DBS procedure had demographic and clinical characteristics that may have put him at risk for this decline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The procedures in the PNIDBS were systematically developed and are feasible to execute. The relatively brief core battery has multiple versions and can be supplemented to meet individual investigator needs. By evaluating the components of the DBS procedure (electrode placement and stimulation), the PNIDBS can address clinical questions regarding the cognitive effects of the DBS procedure as well as investigate basic scientific issues regarding how different cognitive functions are affected when subcortical-prefrontal circuits are manipulated by the DBS procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":79516,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology","volume":"13 3","pages":"204-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21749774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relation between tendency for psychopathology and reduced frontal brain volume in healthy people.","authors":"M Matsui,&nbsp;R C Gur,&nbsp;B I Turetsky,&nbsp;M X Yan,&nbsp;R E Gur","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We hypothesized that tendency toward psychopathology is associated with lower frontotemporal volumes.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Although there is considerable evidence for structural abnormalities in patients with major psychiatric disorders and increased recognition that neural substrates may underlie individual differences in personality, there have been no studies in healthy people attempting to relate personality to volumetric measures of brain structure.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used magnetic resonance imaging with an advanced method for automated segmentation of cranial compartments to gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid. We examined the relation between frontal and temporal lobe volumes and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory measures of tendency toward psychopathology in 59 healthy individuals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As hypothesized, higher scores on the clinical scales were associated with lower average frontal lobe volume. When the sample was divided according to sex, however, these correlations were significant in men (n = 29) but not in women (n = 30). The highest correlation was observed between lower frontal white matter volume in men and high schizophrenia scale score (r[27] = -0.59, p <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that personality dimensions in healthy people can be linked to neural substrates, which can potentially serve as endophenotypic markers of disposition to psychopathology. The sexually dimorphic effects are consistent with gender-related differences in the clinical manifestations of psychiatric disorders and may suggest sex hormone modulation of the psychopathologic processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":79516,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology","volume":"13 3","pages":"155-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21750532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal neuropsychological findings are not necessarily a sign of cerebral impairment: a matched comparison between chronic fatigue syndrome and multiple sclerosis.","authors":"S P van der Werf,&nbsp;J B Prins,&nbsp;P J Jongen,&nbsp;J W van der Meer,&nbsp;G Bleijenberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess the potential impact of effort in comparative studies assessing neurocognitive dysfunction in patients with and without a neurologic diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>It was hypothesized that a subgroup within a group of patients with prominent neurocognitive complaints but without a neurologic diagnosis would have impaired performance on a task originally designed to detect malingering.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We compared the neuropsychological performance of a group of 40 patients with a definite diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) with that of 67 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). The Amsterdam Short-Term Memory Test, a forced-choice memory task, served as measure to detect submaximal effort. In addition, we administered a regular neuropsychological task generally considered to be sensitive for cognitive deterioration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the MS group (13%), a larger proportion of the matched CFS group (30%) obtained scores indicative of reduced effort. In contrast, the proportions of patients scoring below the cutoff value on a conventional neuropsychological test did not differ significantly (17% of MS patients and 16% of CFS patients).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results obtained raise the question of to what extent abnormal test findings in the absence of documented neurologic impairment should be interpreted as a sign of cerebral impairment. The suggestion has been made to screen more often for biased results in comparative research studies so as to enhance valid interpretation of neuropsychological findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":79516,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology","volume":"13 3","pages":"199-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21749773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of optokinetically induced rotatory self-motion on spatial perception and representation.","authors":"P S Sándor,&nbsp;D Bächtold,&nbsp;V Henn,&nbsp;P Brugger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our aim was to investigate the influence of optokinetically induced rotatory self-motion sensation (circular vection [CV]) on asymmetries in real and representational space in normal subjects.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Vestibular and optokinetic stimulation (particularly when accompanied by rightward CV) can reduce left-sided hemineglect in patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty healthy right-handed men were administered a line bisection (LB) task and a stimulus-response compatibility task monitoring mental representation of space (the RULER task). The RULER task required speeded unimanual decisions (\"smaller than 6?\" vs. \"larger than 6?\") to foveally presented numbers between 1 and 11. Both tasks were performed in a baseline condition (no stimulation) and with full-field optokinetic stimulation to induce CV to either side.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bisection marks of both hands were shifted significantly to the left during leftward CV, introducing a pseudoneglect for the left and right hands. Rightward CV did not influence LB. In the RULER task, we found a stimulus-response compatibility, namely, faster right-hand responses to large numbers (i.e., 7-11) and faster left-hand responses to small numbers (i.e., 1-5). Although optokinetic stimulation did not significantly affect subjects' representation of space, the overall pattern of observed deviations was strikingly similar to that obtained in LB.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Optokinetic stimulation affects healthy subjects' exploration and, to a lesser extent, their representation of space. In contrast to previous studies in neglect patients and healthy subjects, we found that leftward CV rather than rightward CV induced a leftward deviation of the subjective midpoint. This discrepancy is most likely a consequence of the exclusively peripheral visual field stimulation in our experiment. We suggest that the leftward deviation during rightward CV described in former studies may be due to the cuing effect of the leftward moving dots in the central visual field. In the absence of these central cues, the direction of CV seems to be the main determining factor for observed hemispatial effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":79516,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology","volume":"13 3","pages":"188-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21749771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypersexuality and hemiballism due to subthalamic infarction.","authors":"J R Absher,&nbsp;B A Vogt,&nbsp;D G Clark,&nbsp;D L Flowers,&nbsp;D G Gorman,&nbsp;J W Keyes,&nbsp;F B Wood","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A 70-year-old right-handed man presented with a subthalamic infarction followed by persistent hypersexuality and hemiballism. A lacunar infarction 1 cm in diameter was observed on magnetic resonance imaging. We hypothesized that metabolic abnormalities would be detected in cortical areas related to his neurobehavioral symptoms.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Statistical validation of the regional metabolic changes that may relate to neuropsychiatric symptoms has been elusive. Relating metabolic changes to neuropsychiatric symptoms is especially important in unique neurobehavioral cases.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Quantitative fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography was obtained for a single-subject comparison with scans from 60 healthy subjects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Substantial glucose hypometabolism (p <0.001, uncorrected; [df = 56]) was identified in the subthalamic nucleus at the site of the lacunar infarction. Hypermetabolism (p <0.01) was identified within the basal forebrain and temporal lobes, anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortices (areas previously associated with hypersexuality), and striatum (p <0.001) ipsilateral to the stroke (areas known to relate to hemiballism).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Single-subject statistical parametric mapping may improve our understanding of unique neurobehavioral cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":79516,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychiatry, neuropsychology, and behavioral neurology","volume":"13 3","pages":"220-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21749775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}