Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence最新文献

{"title":"Prevention of alcohol-induced hyperhomocysteinemia by suppression of SHP.","authors":"Hiroyuki Tsuchiya,&nbsp;Kazuo Ohashi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic alcohol consumption is a major public health problem that frequently leads to the development of liver steatosis, fibrosis, and eventually cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a pathological consequence of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and is attributed to hepatic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and insulin resistance. However, the regulatory function of nuclear receptors in ALD associated with dysregulation of homocysteine metabolism remains largely unknown. Nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner (SHP, NROB2) is a pleiotropic transcriptional repressor involved in regulating various metabolic path-ways in the liver. This study investigated a critical role of SHP in alcohol-induced hyperhomocysteinemia. . The expression and enzymatic activities of betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) and cystathionine y -lyase (CTH) were significantly increased in the liver of SHP- knockout (SKO) mice as compared to the wild-type mice. The substrates of BHMT and CTH, such as betaine, choline and cystathionine, were decreased in SKO liver while their products including hydrogen sulfide and cysteine were increased. However, methionine and homocysteine were not altered by SHP- deficiency, suggesting that the methionine cycle is activated in SKO mice. Forkhead box A (FOXA)- binding site was identified in both the BHMT and CTH promoters. Luciferase assay demonstrated that FOXAI, but not FOXA2, activated both BHMT and CTH promoters through the FOXA-binding site. Overexpression of FOXA1 induced BHMT and CTH expression in Hepal-6 cells, which was inhibited by SHP coexpression. Consistently, alcohol-induced hyperhomocysteinemia, and homocysteine-induced hepatic ER stress and glucose intolerance were abrogated in SKO mice. These novel findings identified SHP and FOXA1 as important regulators of hepatic homocysteine metabolism. Because hyper-homocysteinemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and insulin resistance, and is often associated with ALD and metabolic syndrome, SHP and FOXA1 could be used as potential targets for hyperhomocysteinemia and its related diseases. Taken together, these results shed light on the regulatory mechanism of homocysteine metabolism in the liver.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"51 5","pages":"323-334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36705603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey of the relationship between internet addiction and social withdrawal (HIKIKOMORI) in Japan.","authors":"Tomohiro Shirasaka,&nbsp;Masaru Tateno,&nbsp;Masaya Tayama,&nbsp;Miyuki Tsuneta,&nbsp;Hisakazu Kimura,&nbsp;Toshikazu Saito","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Internet was originally designed to facilitate communication and research activities.'However, there has been a dramatic increase in the use of the Internet in recent years for commerce, education, and entertainment, including video games. Internet addiction as.a phenomena has been described by researchers as excessive or compulsive use of computers that interferes with daily life. Hikikomori (social withdrawal) -has increasingly become a problem in Japan and has been hypothesized to be ,related to internet, addiction. Particularly amongst students, problematic internet use may be a major factor of social withdrawal. We conducted a survey of internet addiction. and social- withdrawal among college students and corhpany workers to examine this hypothesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Subjects were 63 university students and 56 company workers. To examine the relationship between internet addiction and social withdrawal, we administered the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS), a measure of social isolation, to all subjects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Students tended to score higher than workers on the IAT (Student u = 36.3, Worker u = 31.1, p<0.05). For students considered addictive internet users, we found a significant correlation between the ULS and the IAT (r=0.549,. p<0.05); suggesting that social isolation and internet addiction are associated with each other. Workers tended to score higher on the ULS than students (Worker p =40.4, Student u =37.5, p<0.05). For workers .who were not addictive internet users, we found a'mild, negative correlation between the ULS and the IAT (r=- 0.285, p<0.05), suggesting that use of the internet for workers was not a compensatory behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based upon the IAT, we found that more students than workers reported problems with internet use. Based upon.the ULS, more workers reported feelings of loneliness than students. Workers' loneliness did not appear to be related to their use of the internet, but amongst students with internet addiction, loneliness appeared to be associated with internet use.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"51 5","pages":"275-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36705605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reasons for alcohol consumption among Japanese high school students overall and by sex and year in school: An exploratory study.","authors":"Yoshihiro Miyoshi,&nbsp;Shingo Katsuno,&nbsp;Nobuki Nishioka,&nbsp;Kiyoshi Wada","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study sought to ascertain the association between alcohol consumption by Japanese high school students and their reasons for drinking. Monitoring the Future is a U.S. survey of substance abuse that features a core question that asks about reasons for drinking. This study translated that question into Japanese to survey 2,283 students (1,404 males and 879 females; 1,142 freshmen and 1,141 sophomores) at 3 Japanese high schools from November to December 2014. The original question had 15 possible answers, but 2 were eliminated and the answer \"I don't drink\" was added. Responses were analyzed overall and by sex and year. Results indicated that 9.4% of male students drank in the past 30 days, 28.4% drank in the past year, and 43.0% had drunk at some point in their lives. Similarly, 6.5% of female students drank in the past 30 days, 23.8% drank in the past year, and 36.7% had drunk at some point in their lives. Of the sample, 58.1% answered that they \"don't drink. \" Given reasons for drinking were \"because it tastes good\" (15.8%), \"to-experiment-to see what it's like\" (14.5%), \"to have a good time with my friends\" (14.1%), \"to relax or relieve tension\" (10.2%), \"to feel good or get high\" (7.9%), and \"to fit in with a group I like\" (5.2%). Respondents who drank in the past 30 days, in the past year, or at some point in their lives did so for different reasons. As alcohol consumption increased, respondents drank \"because it tastes good\" markedly more often. Reasons for drinking were ranked by frequency to compare Japanese high school students and U.S. 12th graders. Japanese students were more likely to drink \"to fit in with a group I like\" while U.S. students were more likely to drink \"because of boredom, nothing else to do.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"51 5","pages":"302-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36693866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the economic effects of reduced drinking in Japan based on the methodologies of cost-of-illness studies on alcohol in Japan and overseas.","authors":"Yurie Taguchi,&nbsp;Shunya Ikeda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the alcohol-related goals in Japan's health promotion campaign called Health Japan 21 (secondary term) is to reduce the number of high-risk drinkers (20 years old or above) who consume 40g or more pure alcohol/day in men and 20g or more in women by year 2022. To achieve this goal, it is important for both the government and clinicians to understand the cost-of-illness associated with harmful drinking in Japan and .effectively reflect it into related poli- cies. In this study, direct and indirect costs attributable to alcohol based on conventional cost-of-illness study methodologies were estimated to be approximately 9.9 trillion yen using 2012 data. Furthermore, economic effects brought by achieving the goal of Health Japan 21 (seconda'ry term) were further analyzed by incorporating parameters such as employment rates, drinking volume and frequency by age group and gender. The authors.had previously estimated possible savings of as much as 381.3 billion yen, before subtracting associated intervention costs and decreased tax revenue from purchasing alcohol beverages. The scenario analysis in this study provided lower savings of approximately 158.4-194.6 billion yen. However, the estimates excluded high-risk drinkers in their 20s, early 30s and over 70, who account for a good part of high-risk drinkers in Japan. Furthermore, considerations of employment rates and average annual salaries into the calculations of economic loss due to premature mortality tend to ignore productivity loss (absenteeism and presentism) of high-risk drinkers and opportunity costs of home-makers or care-givers. Thus, possibly underestimated 158.4 billion yen was considered as realistic as possibly overestimated 381.3 billion yen. Despite such variations, economic effects brought by achieving reduced drinking among high-risk drinkers seemed to support related policies and disease management in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"51 2","pages":"101-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36705218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Status of Alcoholic Liver Disease in Japan and Therapeutic Strategy.","authors":"Yoshinori Horie,&nbsp;Hirotoshi Ebinuma,&nbsp;Masahiro Kikuchi,&nbsp;Lamao Takanori","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcoholism results in an estimated 3.3 million deaths annually worldwide, accounting for 5.9% of all mortality. Although per capita alcohol consumption in Japan, had been gradually decreasing since 1999, it has plateaued in the past 5 years. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the most prevalent cause of advanced liver disease, and includes alcoholic fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis (AH), alcoholic fibrosis, alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC), and alcoholic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCQ. Although alcohol consumption is the predominant etiological factor in the pathogenesis of ALD, there is marked variation in liver mortality rates among. different countries and over time within countries. Six national surveys of ALD in Japan were carried out by the Japanese ALD study groups. The first three studies reported that the prevalence of ALD increased in parallel with an increase in alcoholic beverage -intake and that the rise in ALD was one major- factor contributing to the increased prevalence of liver cirrhosis. However; recent epidemiological studies- showed that ALC continues to rise despite a gradual decrease in alcohol intake, indicating that there are other risk factors for the development of ALC. Our recent survey revealed that the prevalence of ALC has been rapidly increasing in Japan and that the prevalence of alcoholic HCC in ALC was higher in elderly male patients and younger patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM, female sex, and age were identified as risk factors for the development of ALC, while DM, male sex, and age were identified as significant risk factors for HCC in ALC. Severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) is an inflammatory response with multiple morbidity factors like leucocytosis, hepatomegay, and renal failure, and has a high mortality rate. We have created a new scoring system for AH (Japan Alcoholic Hepatitis Score [JAS]). Its ability to predict outcome was confirmed by examining the data of 59 patients with AH in 2011: 26 had moderate AH of whom 22 were alive and were dead, while 33 had SAH of whom 16 were alive and 17 were dead. There was no report of death in patients with mild AH (JAS was ≤ 7). The prevalence of renal failure, DIC and gastrointestinal bleeding was higher in patients who had died, while Cr and PT (INR) were higher in SAH patients who had died. These results suggest that JAS allows stratification of the risk of death and can help manage patients with AH. Our belief is that patients with elevated myeloid leucocytes benefit most from granulocytes/monocytes apheresis, while exchange appears to support patients with coagulation deficiency of high plasma bilirubin and hemodialysis is indicated for hit Cr. Liver transplantation is the ultimate therapy for ALD, but it has always been controversial. In Japan, most cases are living donor liver transplantations because the number of brain-dead donors are low. Although 6 months of abstinence is required for brain-dead donor liver transplantation in most countries, 18 mo","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"51 2","pages":"71-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36705219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of solmach on alcohol hangover model in mice.","authors":"Yoshiyuki Hayashida,&nbsp;Naoyuki Hironaka,&nbsp;Seiichi Katayama","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcohol hangover is an unpleasant state caused by acetaldehyde, which is produced by partial oxidation of ethanol. Treating hangover is important from the viewpoint of preventing excessive drinking. In the present study, we attempted to produce mouse model of alcohol hangover by intraperitoneal pretreatment with cyanamide at 12.5 mg/kg followed by oral ethanol at 1.6 g/kg. The mice showed decrease of spontaneous locomotor activity and food intake. Thus, it is suggested that the hangover model was successively established by co-administration of cyanamide and ethanol. Solmack, a product based on herbal medicine for stomach anda pproved as medical drug, recovered decrease of spontaneous locomotor activity and tended to recover decrease of food intake in the.hangover model mice. Other refreshing drinks did not show such effects, though they contain herbal medicine ingredients to some extent. Our model in mice might be useful to detect effective treatment for alcohol hangover.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"51 2","pages":"109-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36705221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Common aspects of the lifestyles of high school students in Japan and their associations with drug abuse: Findings from an aggregate sample of the Japanese School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs in 2004, 2006, and 2009.","authors":"Yoshihiro Miyoshi,&nbsp;Shingo Katsuno,&nbsp;Kiyoshi Wada","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study sought (1) to determine the significant associations between measures of drug abuse and lifestyle variables in high school students in Japan, and (2) to ascertain common lifestyle variables in relation to associations between lifestyle and eight measures of drug abuse. Four measures were use of an inhalant, marijuana, an amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS), or MDMA (ecstasy) over the past year, and four measures were use of those drugs over one's lifetime. Data were from a combined sample (aggregate sample) from the Japanese School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (JSPAD). The aggregate sample consisted of 75, 726 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-year students (37,697 males and 38,029 females) at high schools nationwide who were selected by stratified, single-stage cluster sampling during surveys in 2004, 2006, and 2009. Eight measures of drug abuse were predicted with logistic regression analysis based on lifestyle variables. Six lifestyle variables jointly predicted those measures: \"get- ting up at the same time every day,\" \"eating breakfast,\" \"enjoying school,'' \"hours worked at a part-time job,\" \"having close friends to hang out with\", and \"talking with one's parents about one's problems\". The six lifestyle variables were associated with the measures of drug abuse in similar ways, regardless of which drug was abused. Those associations indicated that students whose parents were not at home had a markedly higher level of drug abuse. Students who lacked close friends to hang out with, students who did.not enjoy school, students who rarely ate breakfast, and students who did not get up at the same time every day had a higher level of drug abuse. Several indicators of associations yielded findings, and these findings could presumably help to determine if \"individuals who abuse drugs display characteristics as a group\" and if \"individuals who abuse drugs tend to abuse multiple drugs\".</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"51 2","pages":"118-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36705602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurofeedback therapy for alcohol use disorder.","authors":"Tetsuo Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Miyako Tazaki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurofeedback is a therapeutic learning process that provides visual and auditory feedback to an individual about his or her brainwaves in order to teach self-regulation of brain func- tion. Currently, neurofeedback therapy has been attempted to apply to various psychiatric disorders and certain therapeutic effects have been shown. The advantage of incorporating neurofeedback therapy to the conventional treatments is 1) the action on the central nervous-system can be expected. by directly reinforcing EEG, 2) on the premise of neural plasticity, without ongoing intervention, long-term therapeutic effect can be expected, 3) except rare temporary headache, no significant side effects are reported, 4) compared to other psychotherapies, neurofeedback is expected to have a therapeutic effect within a relatively short period of time. The present paper outlines neurofeedback therapy in the treatment of alcohol dependence and points out the new direction and remaining issues in neurofeedback therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"51 2","pages":"91-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36705220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of group psychotherapy focused on emotion for Substance Use Disorders: Serigaya Collaboration for Open heart Project (SCOP).","authors":"Toru Hayasaka,&nbsp;Ohji Kobayashi,&nbsp;Yumiko Kurokawa,&nbsp;Michiyo Sakai,&nbsp;Mayuko Watarai,&nbsp;Toko Itabashi,&nbsp;Fumitaka Kurosawa,&nbsp;Satoshi Tsujmura,&nbsp;Yasunari Kawasoe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous researches suggest that addressing alexithymia and emotional dysregulation in patients with alcohol and drug addiction is important. However, interventions focused on emotional problems in Substance Use Disorder (SUD) patients are rare in Japanese hospital settings. In 2014, we developed and implemented an intervention called the Serigaya Collaboration for Open heart Project (SCOP) for those SUD inpatients who have difficulty recognizing and expressing their emotions. The SCOP consists of a series of emotion-focused group psychotherapies provided by psychologist, occupational therapist, and nurse. The purpose of this preliminary study is to assess the efficacy of.SCOP in SUD patients. A total of 65 inpatients (37 alcohol and 28 drug use disorder) participated in the research. Thirty-two patients consented to receive the SCOP intervention concurrently with treatment as usual (TAU), while the rest of the patients (n = 33) received only TAU. TAU consists of cognitive-behavioral group therapy, psychoeducational group sessions, occupational therapy, and on-site self-help group attendances. Based on medical records, we assessed retrospectively the 6 months prognosis after discharge. A comparison was made between the SCOP and TAU groups in terms of treatment retention, attendance at self-help group meetings, -and alcohol or drug relapse. No dif- ference in post-discharge treatment retention was observed between the groups. The SCOP group had more self-help group attendees and fewer patients with alcohol or drug relapse than the TAU group. Although our present study is retrospective in design, our preliminary findings suggest that the SCOP intervention which focuses on emotions may be effective in encouraging SUD patients to join self-help groups, and helped prevent alcohol or drug relapses.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"51 3","pages":"203-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36710045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Flushing Response on the Relationship between Alcohol Consumption and Gamma-glutamyl Transpeptidase: the KOBE study.","authors":"Takumi Hirata,&nbsp;Aya Higashiyama,&nbsp;Yoshimi Kubota,&nbsp;Daisuke Sugiyama,&nbsp;Kazuyo Kuwabara,&nbsp;Yukako Tatsumi,&nbsp;Aya Hirata,&nbsp;Yoko Nishida,&nbsp;Aya Kadota,&nbsp;Hironori Imano,&nbsp;Tomofumi Nishikawa,&nbsp;Naomi Miyamatsu,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Miyamoto,&nbsp;Tomonori Okamura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals with an inactive acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 have an. elevated level of serum acetaldehyde after drinking alcohol, and this may cause an alcohol flushing response with symptoms such as facial flushing, tachycardia, headache, and nausea. Recent studies have suggested that the flushing response influences the association between alcohol consumption and various health-related outcomes. In the present study, we investigated the impact of the flushing response on the relationship between alcohol consumption and serum y -GTP levels in Japanese drinkers. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 521 Japanese drinkers (260 men and 261 'vomen) to examine the impact of the alcohol flushing response on the relationship between alcohol consumption and serum y -GTP levels. The subjects were divided into three groups according to the amount .of daily alcohol consumption. (low, <20 g; moderate, 20-39 g;. and high, >40 g). Multiple adjustments were performed with linear regression models to examine the association between daily alcohol consumption and serum y-GTP levels, adjusting for potential con- founders including the flushing response. We found that the proportion of flushers was significantly lower in the high alcohol consumption group than in the low consumption group. The results of a multivariable analysis showed that,serum y -GTP levels were significantly higher in the moderate and high consumption groups than in the low consumption group after. adjusting for all potential confounders other than the flushing response. In addition, the association between serum y -GTP levels and alcohol consumption was unchanged after adjusting for the presence of the flushing response. In conclusion, serum y -GTP levels increased with increasing alcohol-consumption regardless of the flushing response. Screening for heavy drinkers using serum y-GTP levels was very important to prevent alcohol-related diseases or health problems in health examination.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"51 3","pages":"173-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36710043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}