The Protein Journal最新文献

{"title":"In Memoriam: Professor Ruth Ann Austad Altschuld (1940–2025)","authors":"Prakash Narayan, Lawrence J. Berliner, Mahesh Narayan","doi":"10.1007/s10930-025-10318-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10930-025-10318-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":793,"journal":{"name":"The Protein Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":"3 - 4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146000286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Thermostable α-Amylase from Bacillus subtilis: Molecular Characterization, Optimization, and Docking-Based Substrate Profiling","authors":"Shazeen Shoaib,&nbsp;Shumaila Naz,&nbsp;Iram Manzoor,&nbsp;Mahjabeen Saleem,&nbsp;Nadia Zeeshan,&nbsp;Muhammad Sajjad","doi":"10.1007/s10930-025-10315-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10930-025-10315-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bacterial alpha-amylases have diverse industrial applications in food, fermentation, and pharmaceuticals. This study focuses on the isolation and characterization of a novel alpha-amylase-producing bacterium through molecular and in silico analyses, including molecular docking to determine enzyme-substrate specificity and binding interactions. Among nine bacterial isolates, S4 demonstrated the highest amylolytic activity of 63.68 U/ml. Molecular identification revealed isolate (S4) identity as <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (OM278386). Enzyme charcterization revealed that maximum enzyme activity was observed at 40 °C and pH 7.0, after 24 h. The full-length novel alpha-amylase gene from <i>B. subtilis</i> (S4) was amplified, sequenced, and translated into a protein sequence. A putative protein was subjected to BLASTp, phylogenetic analysis, and physicochemical characterization. A 3D model was generated and validated through homology modeling. Molecular docking was performed using six substrates: amylopectin, maltotetraose, glycogen, starch, amylose, and cyclodextrin to determine substrate specificity. The putative AmyE protein comprised 488 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed its close association with alpha-amylases of other <i>Bacillus</i> species. The enzymes exhibited industrially desirable traits, including high stability, thermotolerance, and hydrophilicity. In contrast, 3D model investigation showed excellent stereochemical quality, with 95.2% of amino acids in the favored region of the Ramachandran plot. Docking studies revealed the highest affinity for amylopectin (binding energy: – 7.2 kcal/mol). Two essential amino acid residues, Asp and Glu-318, were identified as crucial for active-site substrate interactions and enzyme catalysis across various substrates. In conclusion, the analysis presents alpha-amylase from <i>B. subtilis stain</i> S4 as a promising candidate for diverse industrial applications, offering cost-effective alternatives for starch processing, food preservation, and other biotechnological processes.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><p>Schematic presentation of the study workflow illustrates the screening and isolation of a novel alpha-amylase producing isolate (S4) from soil, followed by molecular identification using 16S rDNA sequence. Full-length novel gene is amplified, sequenced, and translated to protein sequence. The three-dimensional model was validated by homology modelling for subsequent docking and substrate binding affinity analysis. </p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":793,"journal":{"name":"The Protein Journal","volume":"45 2","pages":"332 - 348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146000331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-specific Protein and Peptide Antibacterial Factors of Mammals","authors":"Pavel Levashov,&nbsp;Ilia Zaitsev,&nbsp;Sergei Zaitsev,&nbsp;Daria Gasanova","doi":"10.1007/s10930-025-10314-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10930-025-10314-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The review summarises the basic information on non-specific factors of mammals that potentially have antimicrobial action. A comparison of previously known factors with the latest literature data is carried out. The following peptide and protein factors are considered: lysozymes, transferrins, interferons, interleukin-2, antimicrobial peptides (defensins, cathelicidins, histatins) and protective glycoproteins (mucins, lectins). These major antibacterial factors perform regulatory functions in the immune system, and some are also able to resist viral and fungal infections or oncological pathologies. The study of the internal antibacterial factors of mammals and the mechanisms of their activation is of great importance for the fight against bacterial infections, including antibiotic-resistant ones. This knowledge is necessary for the development of new approaches to the treatment of humans and farm animals.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":793,"journal":{"name":"The Protein Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":"83 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146000341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure, Mutation, Functional Domain Roles and Medical Implications of Glycerol Kinase","authors":"Emmanuel Oluwadare Balogun,&nbsp;Israel Ogwuche Ogra,&nbsp;Uche Samuel Ndidi,&nbsp;Daniel Thakuma Tizhe,&nbsp;Okechukwu Kalu Iroha,&nbsp;Godwin Unekwuojo Ebiloma,&nbsp;Ghulam Jeelani,&nbsp;Tomoyoshi Nozaki,&nbsp;Jair Siqueira-Neto,&nbsp;Harry P. De Koning,&nbsp;Tomoo Shiba","doi":"10.1007/s10930-025-10316-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10930-025-10316-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Glycerol kinase (GK) is a key part of glycerol metabolism. It connects the metabolic pathways for lipids and carbohydrates by phosphorylating glycerol to glycerol-3-phosphate in an ATP-dependent reaction. This is essential for maintaining carbohydrate homeostasis, plasma glycerol withdrawal, and the utilization of glycerol by different tissues. Together, these processes impact glucose uptake and lipid metabolism. This review discusses the structure of GK, highlights the implications of mutations in the primary sequence, and provides insights on the roles of the various functional domains in the GK-catalyzed reaction. It also discussed the roles of GK in glycerol metabolism, energy production, and its connections with various cellular pathways and disease conditions. The proper regulation of GK activity is crucial, reflecting its critical role in various important cellular processes. Therefore, its regulation has been analyzed from the gene level to posttranslational modification and has implications for GK-linked disease. Separately, the critical role of this enzyme in some disease-causing organisms made it a promising target for inhibitor development. We here explore the current state of GK inhibitor research and discuss strategies for their development. Challenges in GK inhibitor research are identified, and approaches such as high-throughput screening, structure-based drug design, and computational modelling for discovering novel inhibitors are reviewed. Finally, the review highlights critical areas for further research, including the role of GK in synthetic biology and tumour development, among others.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":793,"journal":{"name":"The Protein Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":"55 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145986149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S2 Subunit: Recombinant Protein Expression Analysis, Purification, and Its Regulatory Effect on IGF-1R Expression","authors":"Ekta Singh,&nbsp;Rajnish Kumar,&nbsp;Nishita Nishi,&nbsp;Mudita Tripathi,&nbsp;Rani Kumari,&nbsp;Krishna Prakash","doi":"10.1007/s10930-025-10317-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10930-025-10317-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>SARS-CoV-2 consists of the spike (S) protein which plays an important role in mediating the entry of virus into the host and it mainly consists of two subunits which are functionally different from each other. The first subunit S1, is involved in binding to the host receptor such as ACE2, and the second subunit S2, is involved in facilitating the viral membrane fusion with that of host membrane. Despite extensive research on the S1 domain due to its immunodominance and variability, the structurally conserved S2 domain remains relatively understudied. Recognizing the potential of S2 in modulating host responses, this study focuses on its recombinant expression, purification, and functional impact. The S2 coding region was cloned into the pGEX2TK plasmid to produce protein, which is a GST fusion-based protein and thereafter, the expression was done in BL21(DE3) strain of <i>Escherichia coli</i> cells. To enhance yield as well as solubility, protein expression was induced at a reduced temperature of 16 °C, minimizing aggregation and degradation. The fusion protein was purified via glutathione affinity chromatography, yielding high-purity S2 suitable for downstream applications. The S2 protein upon transfection into HEK293 and WI-38 mammalian cells leads to the expression of downregulated insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), as measured with the help of protein analysis. In order to highlight the role in pathogenesis of COVID-19 through modulation of cellular receptor and for the intervention of therapeutics, S2 can likely be considered a potential target.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":793,"journal":{"name":"The Protein Journal","volume":"45 2","pages":"400 - 408"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145986147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production Enhancement of Surface-Expressed D-hydantoinase and D-carbamoylase in E. Coli by Developing a Novel Coculture Process for the Efficient Biotransformation of D-p-hydroxyphenylglycine","authors":"Fatemeh Poureini,&nbsp;Valiollah Babaeipour,&nbsp;Rasoul Khalilzadeh,&nbsp;Reza Hasan Sajedi","doi":"10.1007/s10930-025-10312-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10930-025-10312-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>D-p-hydroxyphenyl glycine (D-PHPG) is a D-amino acid used as an intermediate in the synthesis of semi-synthetic antibiotics. It is synthesized from hydantoin derivatives through two sequential enzymatic reactions involving D-hydantoinase (D-hase) and D-carbamoylase (D-case). Although whole-cell biocatalysis of D-PHPG is cost-effective, its efficiency suffers from transport obstacles, intracellular degradation, and limited substrate solubility. This study utilized a bacterial surface display system to express D-hase and D-case in <i>Escherichia coli</i> for D-PHPG production. Enzyme production optimization was carried out in two stages. Initially, key factors influencing cell density during co-culture were identified through culture media and fermentation parameters screening using the Plackett-Burman design, followed by optimization with the D-optimal method. Next, induction parameters were fine-tuned using response surface methodology. The optimal culture medium was found to contain glycerol (12 g/L) and yeast extract (15 g/L) under optimal induction conditions (0.17 mM IPTG, OD₆₀₀ of 1.3, and 21 °C). These conditions achieved an OD₆₀₀ of 15.6, with expression levels of 20.18% for D-case and 20.82% for D-hase. Scaling up in a stirred tank bioreactor resulted in an OD₆₀₀ of 32.15, with D-hase and D-case expression levels increasing to 25.8 and 24.2%, respectively, and enzymatic activities improving by 2.83 times for D-case and 3.42 times for D-hase. The optimized co-culture approach under optimized induction conditions achieved a conversion yield of 95% and a D-PHPG production yield of 90%. The study results showed that the suggested fermentation conditions will contribute to future scale-up studies aimed at improving enzyme activities for other surface protein production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":793,"journal":{"name":"The Protein Journal","volume":"45 2","pages":"264 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145859725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biophysical Characterization of an Engineered CD80 Variant for CTLA-4 Blockade in Cancer Immunotherapy","authors":"Zahra Hajihassan,&nbsp;Amir Hossein Mosayebi,&nbsp;Ramezan Ali Taheri,&nbsp;Parisa Bazargannia","doi":"10.1007/s10930-025-10313-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10930-025-10313-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as monoclonal antibodies or engineered small molecules, are a novel approach to cancer immunotherapy and are being used to treat several types of cancer. CTLA-4, an immune checkpoint, is expressed on the surface of activated T cells where it downregulates immune responses. CD80, also known as B7-1, is a common ligand for CTLA-4 and the T cell co-stimulatory protein CD28. In this study, to inhibit CTLA-4, a variant of the extracellular domain of CD80 (mCD80) carrying the R29Y, Y31R, and Q33K mutations to increase its binding affinity to CTLA-4 was recombinantly expressed in <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The equilibrium dissociation constant (K_D) for the binding of mCD80 to both CD28 and CTLA-4 was also calculated using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology. The results showed a significant increase in the binding affinity of mCD80 to CTLA-4, with a 69.76-fold increase compared to wild-type CD80. In contrast, the binding affinity of mCD80 to CD28 showed a significant decrease compared to its wild-type counterpart. These findings suggest that mCD80 may serve as a promising candidate for inhibiting the CTLA-4 on the surface of T cells. Consequently, it may be developed in the future as a potential pharmaceutical agent for cancer immunotherapy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":793,"journal":{"name":"The Protein Journal","volume":"45 2","pages":"254 - 263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145859638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halved but Potent: Exploring the Inhibitory Property of Curcumin Derivatives Against Evolving SARS-CoV-2 Strains","authors":"Atala Bihari Jena,&nbsp;Umesh Chandra Dash,&nbsp;Asim K Duttaroy","doi":"10.1007/s10930-025-10309-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10930-025-10309-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the prevailing pandemic, the emergence of several variants has created concerns, as none of the vaccines have 100% effectiveness. As a countermeasure to combat the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants and to minimize the morbidity, alternative therapeutics have been prioritized, mainly including phytocompounds. In our recent studies, we have considered polyphenols, such as catechin, curcumin, and 8-Hydroxydihydrosanguinarine (8-HDS), for this purpose and found their tendency to bind to the receptor-binding domain of S-protein, thereby inhibiting viral infiltration into the cell. In the current scenario, with the appearance of multiple viral strains, we have furthered our studies on two highly infectious variants of SARS-CoV-2: D614G and B.1.1.7, commonly identified as the UK variant. Our research incorporates various computational methodologies to decipher the potential role of our previously studied phytocompounds and the curcumin derivative, half-curcumin, inhibiting viral attachment and entry for both D614G and the B.1.1.7 lineage. The physicochemical characterization of the spike (S) protein of the UK variant suggests it is less thermostable, which raises questions about its transmissibility in warmer regions of the globe. All the studied phytocompounds have an immense ability to hinder the S protein interaction towards the human cell receptor ACE2 for both the variants. The half-curcumin has also potential drug suitability, which is confirmed through its characterization of ADME (Physicochemical, Water Solubility, Lipophilicity, Drug-likeness, and Pharmacokinetics) properties, and can be considered as a future therapeutic molecule for anti-COVID-19 drug design.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":793,"journal":{"name":"The Protein Journal","volume":"45 2","pages":"384 - 399"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10930-025-10309-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145764776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and Purification of p70 (∆NH2-146/∆CT104) S6 K, a 57.3 kDa N- and C-Terminal Truncated p70S6 Kinase-GST Fusion Protein in Bacterial Expression System","authors":"Shafat A. Latoo","doi":"10.1007/s10930-025-10308-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10930-025-10308-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An essential modulator of cell growth and division is the evolutionarily conserved kinase (S6K1). It is triggered by certain stimulants, including amino acids, insulin, and other growth hormones. The Akt/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway's downstream effector, the serine/threonine kinase S6K1, is consistently activated in a variety of cancer types. Rho family guanosine triphosphate (GTPase) activation and actin filament cross-linking are two of S6K1's roles. The p70 (∆2-146/∆CT104) S6K is a truncated variant of p70S6 kinase, created by removing 146 amino acids from the N-terminal and 104 amino acids from the C-terminal end of the original protein, resulting in a total of 275 amino acids. The p70 (∆2-146/∆CT104) S6K was effectively expressed in the <i>E. coli</i> BL21 (DE3)pLysS strain after being cloned in <i>E. coli</i> DH5α. A rabbit polyclonal anti-GST antibody had been employed during Western blot analysis throughout the protein's production and purification process. Protein purification was achieved by affinity chromatography using glutathione resin-agarose beads, and chromatography onto a spin concentration column was performed. Rabbit polyclonal anti-(p70S6Kinase and GST) antibodies confirmed the presence of the purified protein.</p><h3>Graphic Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":793,"journal":{"name":"The Protein Journal","volume":"45 2","pages":"245 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advantages and Limitations of AlphaFold in Structural Biology: Insights from Recent Studies","authors":"Mandarina Qing Cheng Li,&nbsp;Sihan Wang,&nbsp;Shi-Ruei Lin,&nbsp;Li Eric Ngok Ting,&nbsp;Zhi-Hong Wan,&nbsp;Guodong Xie,&nbsp;Jane Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10930-025-10310-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10930-025-10310-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the past three years, AlphaFold—a deep learning–based protein structure prediction system—has transformed structural biology by providing near–experimental accuracy models directly from amino acid sequences. This narrative review synthesizes applications reported in the 2022–2025 literature across human, microbial, and viral systems, drawing on peer-reviewed studies as our data source. Representative examples include modeling of SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in virology, assisting cryo-EM interpretation of bacterial ribosomal and membrane-protein complexes in microbiology, and refining conformational hypotheses for human GPCRs in biomedicine. Across these cases, AlphaFold predictions have complemented experimental workflows by accelerating hypothesis generation, improving model fitting within ambiguous density regions (poorly resolved areas of cryo-EM maps), and guiding mutagenesis strategies to probe dynamic conformational states. We also summarize recent method extensions: AlphaFold-Multimer improves multi-chain complex assembly prediction, while molecular dynamics (MD) simulations augment AlphaFold’s static models by sampling conformational flexibility and testing stability. Despite these advances, important limitations remain—particularly for intrinsically disordered regions, protein–ligand and protein–cofactor interactions, and very large or transient assemblies—and current community benchmarks indicate that approximately one-third of residues may lack atomistic precision, underscoring uncertainty in flexible or modified segments. Framed within a clear chronological window and evidence base, our analysis highlights both the practical impact and the remaining challenges of integrating AlphaFold with experiment, outlining priorities where further methodological innovation and orthogonal validation are needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":793,"journal":{"name":"The Protein Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":"22 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10930-025-10310-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145656791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}