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[In vitro maturation of human oocytes]. [人卵母细胞体外成熟]。
Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992) Pub Date : 1999-06-01
M Plachot
{"title":"[In vitro maturation of human oocytes].","authors":"M Plachot","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maturation of human oocytes has 3 aspects: nuclear maturation leading to the extrusion of the 1st polar body, membranar maturation essential for the fixation of spermatozoa to the zona pellucida and penetration into the oocyte and cytoplasmic maturation which allows protein synthesis required for normal fertilisation and embryo development. In vitro maturation (IVM) of human oocytes may be appropriate in 5 different situations: for PCOs patients (natural cycle), in normoovulatory patients (natural cycles), for oocytes not exposed to hCG (stimulated cycle), for immature oocytes recovered in the course of an ICSI protocol (stimulated cycle) and after freezing-thawing of immature oocytes. Data from the literature show that in vitro maturation of human oocytes together with ICSI can lead to normal fertilisation, embryo development, pregnancies and the delivery of healthy children. However, the overall efficiency is still very low, indicating that embryo viability is compromised. The incidence of chromosome abnormalities in mature oocytes obtained after IVM is similar to that of oocytes recovered after in vivo maturation and therefore does not seem to be the reason of the failures. Conversely, protein synthesis abnormalities and abnormal calcium signalling might explain the poor viability of the embryos. The key factor seems to be cytoplasmic maturation not yet fully understood in the human.</p>","PeriodicalId":79332,"journal":{"name":"Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992)","volume":"27 6","pages":"434-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21298055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Cloning: present and perspectives]. [克隆:现状与展望]。
Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992) Pub Date : 1999-06-01
J P Renard, E Legouy, S Chastant, Y Heyman, X Vignon
{"title":"[Cloning: present and perspectives].","authors":"J P Renard,&nbsp;E Legouy,&nbsp;S Chastant,&nbsp;Y Heyman,&nbsp;X Vignon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human embryonic cells obtained through somatic cloning would allow selfgrafting for therapeutical purposes. Data available from animal research indicate that this issue should be considered with great care.</p>","PeriodicalId":79332,"journal":{"name":"Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992)","volume":"27 6","pages":"405-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21298133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[1998 french results on medically assisted reproduction with gamete cryopreservation and donation. French Federation of CECOS]. [1998]法国在配子冷冻保存和捐赠医学辅助生殖方面的成果。法国CECOS联合会]。
Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992) Pub Date : 1999-06-01
F Thépot, J C Julliard
{"title":"[1998 french results on medically assisted reproduction with gamete cryopreservation and donation. French Federation of CECOS].","authors":"F Thépot,&nbsp;J C Julliard","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the year 1998, the French Federation of CECOS recorded the results of the 23 CECOS centers and IFRAERES in Toulouse. 1,573 first demands of procreation with sperm donors were registed (versus 1,620 in 1997). From 9,339 cycles (AID or IVFD), 1351 pregnancies were obtained, scoring the identical amount in terms of pregnancies as in 1997 but with less 9% in terms of cycles. Ovulation monitoring and IVFD are more and more used. The analysis of the 1,169 deliveries of the 1997 pregnancies shows a malformation rate of 1.8%. 658 male volunteers came forward as semen donors (51% more than in 1997). In gamete autocryopreservation, the number of semen preservation is globaly increasing (16% more than in 1997), mainly due to the capacity of a better reutilisation with ICSI. At the end of 1998, 15 Centres was looking after 21,222 cryopreserved embryos, 25% in the aim of a near future use.</p>","PeriodicalId":79332,"journal":{"name":"Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992)","volume":"27 6","pages":"452-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21298058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Fertility in women after cancer therapy]. [癌症治疗后女性的生育能力]。
Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992) Pub Date : 1999-06-01
D Marmor
{"title":"[Fertility in women after cancer therapy].","authors":"D Marmor","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In children and young women, antimitotic chemotherapy and radiotherapy can provoke premature ovarian failure, as well as chromosomal or genic mutations potentially responsible of pregnancy wastage, congenital malformations or genetic diseases in the progeny. After an abdominal radiotherapy, the long term sequelae of uterine irradiation can induce pregnancy wastage, prematurity or low birth-weight. Irreversible ovarian damages are mainly due to alkylating agents and abdominal radiotherapy. The gradual depletion of the follicular pool accounts for the apparent increasing ovarian sensitivity: in women over 40, almost any therapy can be responsible of an immediate menopause, while in younger patients retaining a normal ovarian function at the end of a treatment including alkylating agents or an abdominal radiotherapy, a premature ovarian failure will occur several years later.</p>","PeriodicalId":79332,"journal":{"name":"Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992)","volume":"27 6","pages":"417-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21298135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Oocyte of domestic mammals: a model for the study of in vitro maturation]. [家养哺乳动物的卵母细胞:体外成熟研究的模型]。
Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992) Pub Date : 1999-06-01
P Mermillod, R Marchal
{"title":"[Oocyte of domestic mammals: a model for the study of in vitro maturation].","authors":"P Mermillod,&nbsp;R Marchal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oocyte maturation represents the final step of a long differentiation process that allows this very special cell to fully express its reproductive task. During maturation the oocyte nucleus, blocked at the late prophase of meiosis from the end of foetal life, resumes meiosis and progress to the metaphase II stage. Beyond these nuclear aspects, oocyte maturation also involves cytoplasmic modifications including well known morphological progression as well as poorly understood biochemical changes that are determinant for successful fertilisation and early embryo development. In physiological conditions, maturation occurs in the preovulatory follicle after the ovulatory surge of gonadotropins, in a complex and changing environment. This complexity leaded to the formulation of the first in vitro maturation systems involving tissue culture media supplemented with biological fluids. A more precise study of the effect of individual medium components allowed the design of more simple maturation conditions providing more reproducible results with less sanitary risks. Amongst maturation activating factors, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) seems to play a key function in several species. Other factors such as hormones, ovarian peptides (inhibin, activin) and other growth factors may also be involved but the interplay between these factors remains to be clearly established. Improvement of in vitro maturation techniques allowed to evaluate the importance of oocyte intrafollicular differentiation before maturation on the resulting developmental competence. The increased knowledge of the regulation of intrafollicular meiotic arrest now allow the design of a prematuration step to allow oocytes from smaller follicles to complete their differentiation in vitro. This improvement will allow a larger use of the huge reproductive potential stored in the ovary.</p>","PeriodicalId":79332,"journal":{"name":"Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992)","volume":"27 6","pages":"440-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21298056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[How to assess ovarian reserve in 1999?]. [1999年如何评估卵巢储备?]
Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992) Pub Date : 1999-06-01
B Hédon, H Dechaud, F Galtier-Dereure, N Guigue
{"title":"[How to assess ovarian reserve in 1999?].","authors":"B Hédon,&nbsp;H Dechaud,&nbsp;F Galtier-Dereure,&nbsp;N Guigue","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fertility and results of infertility therapies are submitted to amajor drop in relation with the age of the female patient and her so-called ovarian reserve. Although there is no clear definition of what is exactly the ovarian reserve, the consequence of its decline is a greater difficulty to produce ovocytes with a capacity of becoming living embryos after fertilization. Several tests have been developed to assess the ovarian reserve in order to evaluate the prognosis of spontaneous fertility, the results of infertility therapy and assisted procreation techniques, and to make necessary technical adaptations. Basal determinations of FSH, estradiol and inhibin B at day 3 of the cycle an all reflect the ovarian potential, but only FSH reflects a decline infecundability reliable enough to be used as a screening test. Challenge tests such as the clomiphene citrate, the exogenous FSH or the GnRH challenge tests have the purpose to reveal an exaggerated liberation of FSH or an insufficient secretion of estradiol after stimulation. None of these tests have demonstrated a better sensibility together with a higher specificity and they should be considered as evaluating tools in specific cases only. In conclusion, assessing the ovarian reserve has become a clinical necessity in the following situations: ovulation defect, unexplained infertility, before undergoing ovarian stimulation for assisted procreation, in particular in women above the age of 35. This assessment can be made by determining the basal FSH level on day 3 of a cycle and should be renewed every year.</p>","PeriodicalId":79332,"journal":{"name":"Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992)","volume":"27 6","pages":"412-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21298134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Overdue term of pregnancy: current concepts]. 【过期妊娠期:当前概念】。
Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992) Pub Date : 1999-05-01
R Gaudet, P Merviel, N Berkane, S Sananes, S Uzan
{"title":"[Overdue term of pregnancy: current concepts].","authors":"R Gaudet,&nbsp;P Merviel,&nbsp;N Berkane,&nbsp;S Sananes,&nbsp;S Uzan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79332,"journal":{"name":"Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992)","volume":"27 5","pages":"329-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21268725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis during gynecological consultation by endocervical sampling (PCR technique)]. [妇科会诊时宫颈内取样(PCR)筛查沙眼衣原体]。
Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992) Pub Date : 1999-05-01
A Le Meur, J L Mergui, V Napoly
{"title":"[Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis during gynecological consultation by endocervical sampling (PCR technique)].","authors":"A Le Meur,&nbsp;J L Mergui,&nbsp;V Napoly","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79332,"journal":{"name":"Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992)","volume":"27 5","pages":"345-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21268728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Impact of adenomyosis on results of endometrial ablations]. 子宫腺肌病对子宫内膜消融结果的影响。
Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992) Pub Date : 1999-05-01
M P Quemere, L Cravello, V Roger, C d'Ercole, B Blanc
{"title":"[Impact of adenomyosis on results of endometrial ablations].","authors":"M P Quemere,&nbsp;L Cravello,&nbsp;V Roger,&nbsp;C d'Ercole,&nbsp;B Blanc","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors report the results of a retrospective series concerning 121 patients who presented abnormal uterine bleeding resistant to progestogen therapy. These patients were adenomyosis carriers and who underwent loop endometrial ablation. Over a maximum period of 8 years, the success rate was 56% following one endometrial resection and 67% following one or two resections. The study recorded a repeat resection level of 11%. Seventeen hysterectomies (19%) were performed because of the recurrence of abnormal uterine bleeding. These results are comparable to those observed in endometrial ablation performed for menorrhagia, all benign etiology included. Adenomyosis does not appear to be a factor in the failure of endometrial ablation, except in the case of deep adenomyosis which is difficult to diagnose pre-operatively.</p>","PeriodicalId":79332,"journal":{"name":"Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992)","volume":"27 5","pages":"357-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21268730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Hidden factors of breast cancer: recommended follow-up for hyperplasia or carcinoma in situ]. 【乳腺癌的隐藏因素:增生或原位癌推荐随访】。
Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992) Pub Date : 1999-05-01
E Lifrange, C Colin
{"title":"[Hidden factors of breast cancer: recommended follow-up for hyperplasia or carcinoma in situ].","authors":"E Lifrange,&nbsp;C Colin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After the diagnosis of breast epithelial hyperplasia or carcinoma in situ, the clinical follow-up must take into account several parameters. First, the adequacy of the diagnostic and the therapeutic approach is to be evaluated. Second, the patient must be informed of her risk of subsequent breast cancer. In such a protocol, one can recommend a program of close follow-up in an attempt at early detection. An annual clinical examination combined with a mammographic and a sonographic exam is considered as the method of choice. In between annual check-ups, clinical exam is encouraged. The potential benefits of magnetic-resonance imaging in these circumstances is currently evaluated. In rare instances, the absolute risk of breast cancer is so high that a prophylactic mastectomy can be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":79332,"journal":{"name":"Contraception, fertilite, sexualite (1992)","volume":"27 5","pages":"364-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21268731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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