Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography最新文献

Folk medicine uses of melanotic Asiatic chickens as evidence of early diffusion to the new world 民间医学使用黑色的亚洲鸡作为早期传播到新大陆的证据

Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography Pub Date : 1981-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-8002(81)90037-X

Carl L. Johannessen

{"title":"Folk medicine uses of melanotic Asiatic chickens as evidence of early diffusion to the new world","authors":"Carl L. Johannessen","doi":"10.1016/0160-8002(81)90037-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-8002(81)90037-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Black-boned, black-skinned and black-meated chickens of many feather types and colors originated in Southeast Asia; the Southern Chinese, especially, used it in their folk medicine in ancient times. Many uses of this same Asiatic-type, melanotic chicken (BB-BMC) are currently shared by Mayan language groups in Latin America. The arbitrariness of the cures, most of which relate to illnesses considered to be induced by witchcraft, linked with a distinctive biological entity BB-BMC indicates that the assemblage of traits qualifies it as valid for testing the diffusion model. I have found that Amerinds in Mayan language groups possess many more of these folk medicine traits than Amerinds in other language and cultural groups. Away from the Mayan hearth in Guatemala, fewer Chinese like medicinal traits are found; but the fact that the intervening cultures effectively lack knowledge of cures with BB-BMC suggests presence of the cures prior to the dispersal and separation of Maya speakers. The BB-BMC's presence from the Mexican-U.S. border to Southern Chile indicates that the lack of folkloric medicine using BB-BMC is not associated with its absence but with the lack of a belief system related to it. Since belief systems of these types have to be carefully taught, a connection with the peoples of what is now Southern China or Southeast Asia was likely in pre-Columbian times. Certainly the early Iberians with their fear of the Inquisition and of becoming bewitched on board ships would not have allowed BB-BMCs and curers on their vessels. They had to have arrived earlier from Asia, since chickens were given as gifts to Spaniards by the 1520s–1540s on contact in several places in North and South America.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79263,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 427-434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-8002(81)90037-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18082858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

A prospective St Lucian folk medicine survey 前瞻性圣卢西亚民间医学调查

Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography Pub Date : 1981-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-8002(81)90038-1

Barbara E. Fredrich

引用次数: 1

Subjective evaluation and utilization of hospitals by low-income urban residents in Porto Alegre, Brazil 巴西阿雷格里港低收入城市居民对医院的主观评价和利用

Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography Pub Date : 1981-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-8002(81)90047-2

Wayne T. Enders

{"title":"Subjective evaluation and utilization of hospitals by low-income urban residents in Porto Alegre, Brazil","authors":"Wayne T. Enders","doi":"10.1016/0160-8002(81)90047-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-8002(81)90047-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Subjective evaluations of alternative general hospitals, by residents of a lower socioeconomic status community in Porto Alegre, Brazil, are analyzed to explain hospital selection. The study is based on consumer spatial behavior research in geography. Thirty-six hospital attributes are identified through a triadic procedure applied to residents in their homes. Subsequently, the seven hospitals most widely known by the community are evaluated, using the elicited attributes and a one-to-seven scale, by all members of three random stratified samples of approximately 45 people each. Four similar important dimensions of hospital differentiation and evaluation are identified through the use of J. Douglas Carroll's INDSCAL model. A clear pattern of perceived relative utility of alternative hospitals, based on the four dimensions, is exhibited by the residents. However, utilization among alternative hospitals is found to be negatively correlated with expressed preferences. The power of community residents to choose is significantly limited through institutional and cultural, rather than financial, constraints. Community residents use hospitals of perceived lower ‘quality’ rather than more proximate, perceived higher ‘quality’ hospitals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79263,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 525-536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-8002(81)90047-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18340906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Multivariate analysis of the role of school-attendance status in the introduction of variola minor into the household 学校出勤率对家庭引入未成年天花病毒的影响的多变量分析

Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography Pub Date : 1981-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-8002(81)90043-5

Richard L. Morrill, Juan J. Angulo

{"title":"Multivariate analysis of the role of school-attendance status in the introduction of variola minor into the household","authors":"Richard L. Morrill, Juan J. Angulo","doi":"10.1016/0160-8002(81)90043-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-8002(81)90043-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A discriminant-function analysis was applied to the set of 169 cases introducing variola minor into the corresponding households during the 1956 epidemic occurring in the capital city of Braganca Paulista County, Brazil. The analysis was aimed at discovering how well the four groups of households whose introductory cases were either an adult, a JT-school pupil, a JG-school pupil or a preschooler could be distinguished on the basis of six selected variables: (1, 2) relative location (<em>x,y</em> coordinates of the dwelling): (3) time (in days) from onset of the first case of the epidemic; (4) whether vaccinated or not; (5) total susceptible population in the household, and (6) distance from the residence of an introductory case to the residences of the case which started the chain. Prior allocation of introductory cases to school-attendance status groups was justified since discriminant-function analysis was able to distinguish among the four groups.</p><p>Cluster analysis was applied to the same data, in order to partition the cases into as homogeneous groups as possible, regardless of their actual status as pupils, adults or preschoolers. The results suggest that the simple division of cases by school-attendance status, while significant, was probably not the most meaningful. A cluster analysis was further applied to cases (excluding those from two schools), using only three variables: (1, 2) relative location and (2) time from onset. This analysis proved useful as a means of identifying many of the real subchains of contagion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79263,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 479-487"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-8002(81)90043-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18340902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Health priorities in Latin America and the Pan American health organization 拉丁美洲和泛美卫生组织的卫生优先事项

Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography Pub Date : 1981-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-8002(81)90048-4

Héctor R. Acuña

引用次数: 0

Clinical undernutrition in the Kingston/St Andrew metropolitan area: 1967–1976 金斯敦/圣安德鲁大都市区临床营养不良:1967-1976年

Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography Pub Date : 1981-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-8002(81)90042-3

Wilma Bailey

引用次数: 4

Medical geographic research in Latin America. 拉丁美洲医学地理研究。

Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography Pub Date : 1981-11-01

引用次数: 0

Physical access and utilization of health services in rural Guatemala 危地马拉农村地区实际获得和利用保健服务的情况

Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography Pub Date : 1981-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-8002(81)90046-0

Sheldon Annis

{"title":"Physical access and utilization of health services in rural Guatemala","authors":"Sheldon Annis","doi":"10.1016/0160-8002(81)90046-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-8002(81)90046-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is frequently stated—and more frequently assumed—that the dispersed settlement of a rural population results in isolation and a substantial physical separation from modern-sector health services. This study shows that for three large departments in western Guatemala—Sololá, Tolonicapán, and San Marcos—the vast majority of persons have reasonably good physical access to health services, even taking bad roads and slow travel times into account. Furthermore, the Ministry of Health has strategically located its facilities in congruence with rural market centers, and virtually the entire population visits these market centers with great regularity. Analysis of 1800 actual patient visits, however, shows that Ministry facilities have minuscule geographic drawing power, that is, the vast majority of patients come only very short distances. The question is raised: Why? Although no definitive answer is provided here, the most plausible explanation is simply that the health posts—which are understaffed by poorly trained personnel and badly under-equipped—do not cure very well, and thus people are not highly motivated to use them. Improving levels of utilization depends on improving the quality of delivered services, not building more health posts or overcoming supposed ‘cultural barriers’.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":79263,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 515-523"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-8002(81)90046-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18340905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 81

Health problems associated with agricultural colonization in Latin America 与拉丁美洲农业殖民化有关的健康问题

Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography Pub Date : 1981-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-8002(81)90040-X

Connie Weil

引用次数: 15

Geographical patterns of cardiac arrests: An exploratory model 心脏骤停的地理模式:一个探索性模型

Social science & medicine. Part D, Medical geography Pub Date : 1981-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-8002(81)90051-4

Jonathan D. Mayer

引用次数: 1