{"title":"Cotunneling Effects in the Geometric Statistics of a Nonequilibrium Spin-Resolved Junction","authors":"Mriganka Sandilya, Javed Akhtar, Manash Jyoti Sarmah, Himangshu Prabal Goswami","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400143","DOIUrl":"10.1002/andp.202400143","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the nonequilibrium steady state of electronic transport across a spin-resolved quantronic junction, the role of cotunneling on the emergent statistics under phase-different adiabatic modulation of the reservoirs' chemical potentials is investigated. By explicitly identifying the sequential and inelastic cotunneling rates, the geometric or Pancharatnam–Berry contribution to the spin exchange flux between the spin system and the right reservoir is numerically evaluated. The relevant conditions wherein the sequential and cotunneling processes compete and selectively influence the total geometric flux upshot are identified. The Fock space coherences are found to suppress the cotunneling effects when the system reservoir couplings are comparable. The cotunneling contribution to the total geometric flux can be made comparable to the sequential contribution by creating a right-sided asymmetrically stronger system-reservoir coupling strength. Using a recently proposed geometric thermodynamic uncertainty relationship, the total rate of minimal entropy production is estimated. The geometric flux and the minimum entropy is found to be nonlinear as a function of the interaction energy of the junctions' spin orbitals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":"536 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141745274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Population Fluctuation Mechanism of the Super-Thermal Photon Statistic of Quantum LEDs with Collective Effects","authors":"Igor E. Protsenko, Alexander V. Uskov","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400121","DOIUrl":"10.1002/andp.202400121","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The analytical procedure is developed for the calculation of the quantum second-order autocorrelation function <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>g</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>$g_2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> of a small super-radiant LED, where the field, polarisation, and population of the active medium cannot be eliminated adiabatically. The Langevin force, which describes the effect of population fluctuations on the LED polarisation and preserves the operator commutation relations, is found. It is demonstrated that the super-thermal photon statistics with <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>g</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>></mo>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$g_2 &gt; 2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> of a small quantum LED with large photon number fluctuations, emitter-field coupling, bad cavity, and operating in the limit <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>n</mi>\u0000 <mo>→</mo>\u0000 <mn>0</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$n rightarrow 0$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, is the result of a combined effect of the spontaneous emission, collective effects and population fluctuations. Analytical expressions for <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>g</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>$g_2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>n</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$n$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> are derived.</p>","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":"536 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141567642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ramakrishna, Z. W. Wu, A. V. Maiorova, S. Fritzsche
{"title":"Interaction of Hermite–Gaussian Beams with a Macroscopic Atomic Target","authors":"S. Ramakrishna, Z. W. Wu, A. V. Maiorova, S. Fritzsche","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400048","DOIUrl":"10.1002/andp.202400048","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A theoretical analysis is presented on the photoexcitation of a macroscopic atomic target by a Hermite–Gaussian (HG) beam within the framework of density matrix theory. Special emphasis is paid to the influence of the incoming HG mode on the population of an excited state and the emitted fluorescence radiation. In particular, a general expression for the alignment parameter of the excited state is derived, which depends on the beam parameters of the HG mode. Although the developed theory can be applied to any atomic system, here the electric dipole transition <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 <mi>s</mi>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mrow></mrow>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>S</mi>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <mo>/</mo>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <mo>→</mo>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 <mi>p</mi>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mrow></mrow>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>P</mi>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 <mo>/</mo>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$3s; {}^{2}S_{1/2}nobreakspace rightarrow nobreakspace 3p ; {}^{2}P_{3/2}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> in neutral sodium atoms is investigated when driven by three <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>HG</mi>\u0000 <mn>10</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${rm HG}_{10}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>HG</mi>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>01</mn>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${rm HG}_{01,}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>HG</mi>\u0000 <mn>11</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${rm HG}_{11}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> modes. For this optical (valence-shell) excitation, it is demonstrated that the population of the excited state is sensitive to the beam waist and the mode index of the HG beam. Furthermore, the influence of beam parameters on the angular distribution and linear polarization of the emitted fluorescence radiation is di","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":"536 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141586270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"(Ann. Phys. 7/2024)","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/andp.202470015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.202470015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Attention to Entropic Communication</b></p><p>Attention focuses limited cognitive resources on essential information and therefore plays a central role in natural and artificial intelligence. Relative attention entropy allows to focus approximate probability functions on their most relevant parts. In the top image, the attention guided approximation of a double peaked probability density by a Gaussian focuses on the more relevant peak. Bottom: Attention emerges as importance-weighted probability in utility-conscious communication. For further information, see article number 2300334 by Torsten Enßlin and co-workers\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":"536 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/andp.202470015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Masthead: Ann. Phys. 7/2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/andp.202470016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.202470016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":"536 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/andp.202470016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erdeny C. Darmaev, Denis A. Ikonnikov, Sergey A. Myslivets, Vasily G. Arkhipkin, Andrey M. Vyunishev
{"title":"Variable Spatial Dynamics of Optical Vortices Produced by a Double Fork-Shaped Grating","authors":"Erdeny C. Darmaev, Denis A. Ikonnikov, Sergey A. Myslivets, Vasily G. Arkhipkin, Andrey M. Vyunishev","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/andp.202400120","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Light diffraction is studied numerically and experimentally on a double fork-shaped grating representing a periodic grating containing two spaced dislocations. The spatial dynamics of the phase singularities (optical vortices) has been investigated as a function of dislocation parameters. Produced optical vortices affect each other while propagating in a free space. For dislocations of the same topological charge, the propagation trajectories and their transverse displacement coordinates depend on the dislocation spacing, and the larger the dislocation spacing, the smaller the relative displacement of the optical vortices and the smaller their trajectory curvatures. For oppositely charged dislocations, three types of spatial behavior of optical vortices are found. The numerical results agree well with the experimental data.</p>","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":"536 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141567643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Possibility of the Traversable Wormholes in the Galactic Halos within 4D Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet Gravity","authors":"Zinnat Hassan, P.K. Sahoo","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400114","DOIUrl":"10.1002/andp.202400114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recently, there has been significant interest regarding the regularization of a <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>D</mi>\u0000 <mo>→</mo>\u0000 <mn>4</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$Drightarrow 4$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> limit of Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (EGB) gravity. This regularization involves re-scaling the Gauss–Bonnet (GB) coupling constant as <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>α</mi>\u0000 <mo>/</mo>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mi>D</mi>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>4</mn>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$alpha /(D-4)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, which bypasses Lovelock's theorem and avoids Ostrogradsky instability. A noteworthy observation is that the maximally or spherically symmetric solutions for all the regularized gravities coincide in the <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>4</mn>\u0000 <mi>D</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$4D$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> scenario. Considering this, the wormhole solutions in the galactic halos are investigated based on three different choices of dark matter (DM) profiles, such as Universal Rotation Curve, Navarro–Frenk–White, and Scalar Field Dark Matter with the framework of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>4</mn>\u0000 <mi>D</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$4D$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> EGB gravity. Also, the Karmarkar condition is used to find the exact solutions for the shape functions under different non-constant redshift functions. The energy conditions for each DM profile are discussed and the influence of GB coefficient <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>α</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$alpha$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> in violating energy conditions are noticed, especially null energy conditions. Further, some physical features of wormholes, viz. complexity factor, active gravitational mass, total gravitational energy, and embedding diagrams, have been explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":"536 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Roles of Thomson and Rutherford in the Birth of Atomic Physics:The Interaction of Experiment and Theory","authors":"Giora Hon, Bernard R. Goldstein","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400090","DOIUrl":"10.1002/andp.202400090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The discovery of the electron in 1897 by J. J. Thomson meant that the atom was no longer the smallest unit of matter. This led to a set of responses both experimental and theoretical which consolidated a new branch of physics—atomic physics. What were the tools available at the time to address atomic physics and how were they deployed? The research begins with Thomson who sought to describe a structure of the atom that accommodates both mechanical and electromagnetic properties, but he had little experimental data to base it on. It was indeed an experimental finding which paved the way for the modern conception of the structure of the atom—Rutherford's scattering experiment. A complex relation between theory and experiment in a new domain of physics is uncovered. While the revolutionary discovery of the electron was the result of a classical propagation experiment, the discovery of the concentrated charge at the center of the atom was an outcome of a scattering experiment—a bombardment technique. This technique has turned out to be the hallmark of experimental atomic physics.</p>","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":"536 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/andp.202400090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. M. Tütüncü, Sadık Baǧcı, Hüseyin Yasin Uzunok, G. P. Srivastava
{"title":"Ab Initio Investigation of the Relativistic Effect in the Physical Properties of Intermetallic Superconductor \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 TlBi\u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 ${rm TlBi}_2$\u0000 with \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 AlB\u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 ${rm AlB}_2$\u0000 -Type Hexagonal Layer Structure","authors":"H. M. Tütüncü, Sadık Baǧcı, Hüseyin Yasin Uzunok, G. P. Srivastava","doi":"10.1002/andp.202400049","DOIUrl":"10.1002/andp.202400049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, the role of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in the physical properties of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>TlBi</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${rm TlBi}_2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> is reported. These electronic calculations reveal that the heavy elements Tl and Bi promote strong spin-orbit coupling, lifting some of the degeneracies at the high-symmetry points. The presence of SOC causes significant decreases in both elastic constants and elastic moduli, which in turn improve the compatibility of the calculated Debye temperature (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>Θ</mi>\u0000 <mi>D</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>$Theta _D$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> = 80 K) with the recent experimental data of 83 K. Furthermore, our quasi-static harmonic approximation calculation, like this elastic constant calculation, confirms that taking SOC into account improves agreement with the experiment by decreasing value of Debye temperature from 95 to 85 K. Activating the SOC causes significant modifications in the phonon spectrum and the density of phonon states, as well as in the Eliashberg spectral function. As a result of these modifications, the electron–phonon coupling parameter (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>λ</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$lambda$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>) increases from 1.178 to 1.259, by <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>≈</mo>\u0000 <mn>7</mn>\u0000 <mo>%</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$approx 7%$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>. The calculated values of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>λ</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$lambda$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> both with and without SOC imply that <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>TlBi</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${rm TlBi}_2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> can be treated as phonon-mediated superconductor with strong coupling. The SOC-induced increase in <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>λ</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$lambda$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> brings the superconducting transition temperature of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>TlBi</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${rm TlBi}_2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> from 6.076 to 6.211 K, which is almost equal to the recent experimental value of 6.2 K.</p>","PeriodicalId":7896,"journal":{"name":"Annalen der Physik","volume":"536 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}