The European Physical Journal C最新文献

{"title":"Testing the AdS/CFT correspondence through thermodynamic geometry of nonlinear electrodynamics AdS black holes with generalized entropies","authors":"Abhishek Baruah,&nbsp;Amijit Bhattacharjee,&nbsp;Prabwal Phukon","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16330-7","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16330-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the thermodynamics and thermodynamic geometry of three classes of Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes arising from nonlinear electrodynamics, namely ModMax, nonlinear electrodynamics (NED), and Euler–Heisenberg black holes, together with their holographically dual conformal field theory (CFT) descriptions. The analysis is performed using the standard Bekenstein–Hawking entropy as well as the generalized R’enyi and Kaniadakis entropy formalisms. The phase structure is characterized through the temperature, specific heat, and the Legendre-invariant scalar curvature of geometrothermodynamics (GTD). We show that thermodynamic critical points coincide with extrema of the temperature–entropy curve, divergences of the specific heat, and singularities of the GTD curvature, establishing a consistent geometric characterization of phase transitions. A comparison between the bulk black holes and their dual CFTs further demonstrates that the number, ordering, and structure of the critical points are preserved under the holographic correspondence, providing a nontrivial consistency check of bulk-boundary thermodynamics rather than a proof of the AdS/CFT correspondence. The Euler–Heisenberg AdS black hole exhibits the richest phase structure among the models considered, while the Kaniadakis entropy consistently introduces an additional critical point absent in the Bekenstein–Hawking and R’enyi descriptions. These results illustrate how nonlinear electromagnetic interactions and generalized entropy formalisms jointly influence the thermodynamic behavior of AdS black holes and their holographic duals.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"86 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16330-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factorization of the energy–energy correlation in the two-jet limit in the massive case","authors":"Ugo Giuseppe Aglietti,&nbsp;Giancarlo Ferrera,&nbsp;Lorenzo Rossi","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16343-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16343-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider non-logarithmic heavy-quark mass effects in the factorization and resummation of the Energy–Energy-Correlation (EEC) function, in the two-jet limit. We define a new partial EEC cumulant, normalized at a fixed correlation angle <span>(chi _M&lt;pi .)</span> At first order, the back-to-back endpoint coefficient cancels in this ratio, while the forward endpoint does not enter. The result can therefore be obtained from the real-emission EEC distribution in <span>(D=4)</span> space-time dimensions, without determining the endpoint contributions separately. In order to determine explicitly the next-to-leading order coefficient function and the remainder function (both entering the standard resummation formula), we evaluate numerically the EEC spectrum at first order in <span>(alpha _S,)</span> finding good agreement with previous calculations. To have a smooth massless limit, a new, improved factorization scheme is proposed, in which the coefficient function also depends on the correlation angle <span>(chi .)</span>\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"86 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16343-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traversable wormhole de-singularization: almost (eta )-Ricci–Yamabe solitons in static spherically symmetric imperfect fluid spacetimes","authors":"Jay Prakash Singh,&nbsp; Jaswant","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16321-8","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16321-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we investigate the almost <span>(eta )</span>-Ricci–Yamabe soliton as a fundamental geometric regulator for a static, spherically symmetric black hole coupled to an imperfect fluid. We have shown that the scaling parameter <span>(omega (r))</span> is governed by thermodynamic friction along the radial vector field and the geometric coupling with the Hawking temperature: <span>(alpha (r_H) S_{tt} = 2pi T_H)</span>, at the horizon. We also derive the Poisson equation along the gradient vector field of the soliton and prove that the flow’s kinematic expansion is explicitly dependent on the fluid’s equation of state <span>(rho = gamma sigma )</span>. Diverging from traditional methodologies that assume a geometric shape function a priori, we analytically proved the geometric flow endogenously transitions the black hole geometry into a traversable wormhole throat by regularizing the temporal coordinate and satisfying spatial flare-out condition. This transition occurs when fluid enters the dark energy era at <span>(gamma = -1)</span> and violates the Null Energy Condition <span>(rho + sigma &lt; 0)</span>, with the soliton strictly dominating the local curvature gradient <span>(omega ^{prime }(r_H) &gt; f^{prime prime }(r_H))</span> to keep the throat open. Moreover, by smoothly attenuating at spatial infinity, the soliton preserves the exact cosmological spacetime. Finally, through tensorial perturbation analysis, we demonstrate that the geometric flow introduces a localized dissipative mechanism that the perturbation evolution reduces to a damped wave equation, imposing geometric drag on the manifold.\u0000\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"86 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16321-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled ensemble null tests of dynamical dark energy hints: single-probe recovery of (Lambda )CDM with BAO, compressed-CMB, and SNe mocks","authors":"Seokcheon Lee","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16374-9","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16374-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent combined cosmological analyses have reported mild apparent departures from the cosmological-constant equation of state. Such departures are difficult to interpret because BAO, compressed CMB distance priors, and Type Ia supernovae constrain different projections of the expansion history and carry different calibration degeneracies. We perform controlled ensemble null tests using observable-level Gaussian BAO-like, CMB-like, and supernova-like mock datasets generated from a common fiducial flat <span>(Lambda )</span>CDM cosmology. The aim is to determine whether each constituent single-probe likelihood block can produce an apparent DDE-like marginalized-posterior displacement, or spuriously exclude the fiducial model, through its own degeneracy structure and calibration freedom. The analysis adopts probe-adapted parameterizations for the BAO scale, the CMB physical matter density, and the supernova normalization degeneracy. With explicit convergence diagnostics, percentile-based posterior coverage tests, and realization-level pull statistics, none of the three single-probe analyses spuriously excludes the fiducial input at the 95% level. All completed BAO and SNe chains enter their final ensembles after adaptive extension of the originally rejected runs; for compressed CMB, a mock-data-space audit finds no detectable selection dependence within the sensitivity of the 208-mock ensemble. The compressed CMB-only likelihood nevertheless exhibits stable displaced marginalized medians together with broad late-time posterior intervals, illustrating that posterior location and model exclusion are distinct diagnostics. These results show that a displaced marginalized posterior in a single realization is not, by itself, evidence for dynamical dark energy. Such shifts must be interpreted through mock-ensemble recovery, convergence diagnostics, and the probe-dependent geometry of the likelihood.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"86 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16374-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum thermodynamics of ergotopy for a relativistic battery as a witness to Unruh–Hawking thermality in curved (A)dS spacetimes","authors":"Xiang Hao,&nbsp;Tao-Feng Gan,&nbsp;Cheng-Tai Wu,&nbsp;Tian-Xi Ren,&nbsp;Wei-Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Yin-Zhong Wu","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16400-w","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16400-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We propose a relativistic quantum battery model consisting of an accelerated Unruh–DeWitt detector coupled to a massless scalar field in a de Sitter and anti-de Sitter spacetimes. The maximal amount of quantum extractable work, defined as the ergotropy, is used to probe Unruh–Hawking thermality induced by acceleration and spacetime curvature. Using the open quantum system approach, we study the dynamics of the ergotropy with respect to the Kubo–Martin–Schwinger temperature, spacetime boundary conditions, and dimensionality. It has been found that the asymptotic value of quantum work extraction is determined solely by the acceleration and curvature. The steady behavior in the two spacetimes can be unified to witness the Unruh–Hawking thermality which is independent of boundary conditions and dimensionality. From a perspective of time-dependent evolution, we investigate how the ergotropy evolves through different pathways as the battery gradually reaches the same thermal equilibrium state characterized by a certain KMS temperature. In dS spacetime, the evolution at large acceleration exhibits pronounced oscillations and differs from the fast thermal relaxation observed at low acceleration. Varying the boundary condition in AdS can improve the energy storage of the moving battery. When the dimension of AdS is increased, vacuum fluctuations can modestly amplify the ergotropy in the initial stage and facilitate the rapid thermalization. From the perspective of energy transfer, the relativistic quantum battery helps explore the thermal vacuum in curved spacetimes.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"86 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16400-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CFT constraints on the weak gravity conjecture","authors":"Saeed Noori Gashti,&nbsp;Behnam Pourhassan,&nbsp;İzzet Sakallı","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16427-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16427-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) is a swampland criterion of long standing: any consistent theory of quantum gravity must contain a charged particle whose charge-to-mass ratio exceeds that of an extremal black hole, so that gravity remains the weakest force. Quasinormal modes of a near-extremal black hole are poles of a retarded Green’s function of the conformal quantum mechanics living on the near-horizon AdS<span>(_2)</span> throat, and their damping rate is bounded from below by the Hawking temperature. We show that this pairing fixes the WGC bound in closed form. Only two numbers survive from the bulk geometry, the AdS<span>(_2)</span> radius <span>(L_2)</span> and the electric-field parameter <span>(e_d)</span> of the throat, and the conjecture reads <span>(q/m ge L_2/e_d)</span>. We evaluate this quantity for two backgrounds that fall outside the Reissner–Nordström idealisation in different ways: static spherically symmetric black holes in dRGT massive gravity, and electrically charged black holes in Einstein–ModMax non-linear electrodynamics, the latter taken throughout in its purely electric sector, where the pseudoscalar invariant <i>G</i> vanishes. For dRGT the massive-gravity couplings do not drop out. The bound becomes <span>(q/m ge sqrt{D/A})</span> with <span>(A = 1+zeta +Lambda r_+^2 + 2gamma _g r_+)</span> and <span>(D = 1+zeta +2Lambda r_+^2+3gamma _g r_+)</span>, so the deviation from the Reissner–Nordström value is second order in the graviton mass and is positive whenever <span>(Lambda r_+ + gamma _g &gt; 0)</span>. For Einstein–ModMax the duality parameter enters through the charge normalisation of the non-linear displacement field, giving <span>(q/m ge e^{gamma /2})</span>, which coincides identically with the charge-to-mass ratio <span>(Q_textrm{ext}/M_textrm{ext})</span> of the extremal solution. That coincidence is a sharp check on the whole construction. We then relax exact extremality, minimal coupling and the two-derivative truncation, and follow how each relaxation feeds back into <span>(L_2)</span> and <span>(e_d)</span>. Every closed form is cross-checked twice, once symbolically and once against a Runge–Kutta integration of the full radial Klein–Gordon equation that extracts the conformal weight from the horizon exponents without using the throat approximation; the two agree to eleven digits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"86 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16427-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled gravitoelectromagnetic response of a magnetically supported generalized Hayward black hole in nonlinear electrodynamics","authors":"Anirudh Pradhan,&nbsp;K. Ghaderi,&nbsp;M. Zeyauddin,&nbsp;A. Gulhane","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16428-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16428-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We construct the exterior coupled gravitational and electromagnetic response of a magnetically supported generalized Hayward black hole within a specified nonlinear electrodynamic completion. Starting from the linearized Einstein nonlinear electrodynamic equations, we make the magnetic parity pairing explicit, eliminate the nondynamical constraints, and fix a flux normalized two channel basis; the resulting real symmetric operator is the one used in all spectral and scattering calculations. Its asymptotic <span>(r^{-2})</span> term fixes an effective Reissner–Nordström comparator through <span>(Q_textrm{eff}^{2}/M^{2}=2varepsilon )</span>, leaving no adjustable charge in the comparison; the nonlinear electrodynamic horizon branch itself extends beyond the RN extremality bound for this same asymptotic charge. The effective charged operator captures the dominant weak core mixing, while the nonlinear electrodynamic information is isolated by quantities that vanish in the Einstein Maxwell limit: parity asymmetry, metric-optical characteristic splitting, and the residual after effective charged subtraction. At <span>(chi =0.98)</span>, the quadrupolar parity asymmetries are 1.12% and 2.56% for the primarily gravitational and electromagnetic branches, and the metric-optical critical scale differs by about 3%. The weak core residuals are consistent with cubic spectral corrections in the primarily electromagnetic branch and quartic corrections in the primarily gravitational branch and principal scattering observables. The large quadrupolar conversion is predominantly effective charged and is therefore used as a response benchmark rather than as a unique nonlinear electrodynamic signature.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"86 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16428-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractional power law inflationary potentials in loop quantum cosmology with inverse volume corrections in light of ACT observations","authors":"Farough Parvizi,&nbsp;Kayoomars Karami","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16380-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16380-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Here, we investigate the observational viability of fractional power law inflationary potentials, <span>(V(varphi ) propto varphi ^n)</span> (<span>(n=)</span> 1/3, 2/5, 2/3), within the effective framework of Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC) incorporating inverse volume corrections. By employing LQC modifications to the background dynamics and cosmological perturbation equations in the semi-classical regime, we analytically derive the scalar spectral index <span>(n_textrm{s})</span> and the tensor-to-scalar ratio <i>r</i>. These theoretical predictions are confronted with the latest high precision joint observational constraints, including ACT DR6, Planck 2018, DESI BAO, and BICEP/Keck datasets (P-ACT-LB-BK18). While steeper classical power law models are in severe tension with modern data, our results demonstrate that the inclusion of LQC inverse volume effects induces a prominent negative shift in <span>(n_textrm{s})</span>. Consequently, for specific viable ranges of the quantum geometric parameters (<span>(sigma )</span> and <span>(delta )</span>), the theoretical predictions are translated horizontally across the <span>(r-n_textrm{s})</span> plane. This mechanism successfully steers classically disfavored models back into the tightly constrained 68% and 95% CLs, significantly improving their consistency with precision cosmological data.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"86 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16380-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149097941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-driven modeling of Galactic diffuse emission with multi-wavelength observations","authors":"Xi Liu,&nbsp;Xiao-Dong Li,&nbsp;Sujie Lin,&nbsp;Yihan Liu,&nbsp;Chengyu Shao,&nbsp;Lili Yang,&nbsp;Le Zhang","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16408-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16408-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a data-driven investigation of Galactic diffuse emission. Using multi-frequency Planck maps (30–857 GHz), we construct a non-linear mapping between microwave-to-far-infrared and gamma-ray intensity through supervised machine learning. Our models achieve high predictive accuracy (<span>(R^2&gt;)</span> 0.90 in the 0.1–10 GeV range), demonstrating that multi-band Planck emission encodes sufficient information to reconstruct both spatial morphology and spectral properties of diffuse gamma-ray emission. By analyzing model performance across different frequency bands and spatial regions, we find that the high-frequency Planck bands are the dominant predictors, indicating that the learned mapping is primarily driven by gas- and dust-correlated structures encoded in the adopted interstellar emission model. Above 10 GeV, the increasing relevance of the low-frequency bands is consistent with synchrotron-traced cosmic-ray electron structures that may be associated with leptonic inverse Compton emission. Residual maps reveal coherent large-scale structures, including Loop I and III, highlighting regions where standard interstellar emission models are incomplete or biased. Compared with the GALPROP model, our machine learning approach yields a higher <span>(R^2=0.95)</span> and lower mean absolute relative error (14.7%) in the inner Galactic disk and the Galactic Center (GC) region at <span>(sim )</span>4.3 GeV. Our results illustrate that machine learning serves as a physically interpretable tool for multi-messenger astrophysics, providing a data-driven baseline for separating non-standard emission components and deriving new constraints on cosmic-ray propagation and interstellar medium structure.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"86 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16408-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing electromagnetic calorimeter signal reconstruction with machine learning-based noise discrimination","authors":"Suman Das Gupta,&nbsp;Shamik Ghosh,&nbsp;Laltu Gazi,&nbsp;Shubham Dutta,&nbsp;Alexander Ledovskoy,&nbsp;Satyaki Bhattacharya,&nbsp;Shilpi Jain","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16346-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16346-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Calorimeters operating in high-radiation environments are susceptible to damage, leading to increased noise that can significantly degrade energy resolution. A common way to mitigate noise is to apply a higher energy threshold on the calorimeter cells, typically set a few standard deviations above the noise level. However, this method risks discarding cells with genuine energy deposits, worsening the energy resolution and the energy deposit pattern. In this paper, we investigate graph neural network (GNN) based algorithms as an alternative to rigid energy thresholds. The proposed approach exploits the full pulse-shape information together with the correlations among energy deposits in individual cells within an electromagnetic cluster. The study is performed using a standalone Geant4 simulation of an <span>(11times 11)</span> matrix of lead tungstate crystals. To simulate it in a more realistic way, we demonstrate that the machine learning based method significantly outperforms a simple threshold based strategy, achieving an improvement in the calorimeter energy resolution of up to <span>(82%)</span> and recovering up to <span>(83%)</span> of true signal cells within the calorimeter grid.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"86 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16346-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}