Journal of experimental medical sciences最新文献

{"title":"Fungal spore distribution in two hospitals in Kabale district, Uganda","authors":"Niwamanya Gerald, A. Odebode","doi":"10.25081/jes.2022.v13.7791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jes.2022.v13.7791","url":null,"abstract":"Fungi infections are a danger to the value of human life as they cause health issues such as depression, lack of self-confidence and seclusion in infected individuals. To date, the prevalence and distribution of airborne fungi spores are still not well documented in Uganda. Airborne fungi spores in Kabale Referral and Rugarama hospitals were monitored for two months. This study also examined the proportion of fungal infection cases reported in the two hospitals regularly. The fungal colonies were collected for two months using the open plate sedimentation method with Petri dishes of Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media, cultured and identified morphologically. The obtained results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMTR) with a level of significance at P<0.05. A total of 398 fungal colonies were obtained from the two locations for the period of study. Aspergillus flavus (15.3%) followed by Aspergillus fumigatus (10.6%) recorded the highest number of fungal colonies while Nigrospora (1%), Fusarium spp,(2.3%) and Trichoderma spp, (1.3%) had the least number of species in all the locations sampled. A number of the fungi isolated are opportunistic and are allergens that cause various diseases, irritations and allergic reactions in humans. Therefore, this study recommends routine aerobiological monitoring in both outdoor and indoor hospital environments for better management of fungal infections.","PeriodicalId":78355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental medical sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80522210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Swim test for joint angles dispersion analysis during hind limb motor function assessment in SCI models","authors":"V. Smirnov, S. A. Bazanovich, M. Yadgarov, M. Zvyagintseva, A. A. Grin, S. Ryabov","doi":"10.25081/jes.2021.v12.6999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jes.2021.v12.6999","url":null,"abstract":"In the most of functional studies, various stress tests are used to assess functional improvement following spinal cord injury in animal models. However, available methods of motor function evaluation are not always accurate and unbiased. The main objective of the study was to create a new method of motor activity assessment in minor animal models of spinal cord injury. This method should provide an objective and accurate evaluation of limb motor function in models having severe neurological disorders following contusion spinal cord injury. The swimming test was used as the key behavioral test. To assess the motor function of swimming animals’ hind limbs, we measured angles of hind limbs movements adjusted to the motion direction axis. Then we calculated individual angles dispersion for each joint and limb using the parameters of angles sample dispersion and amplitude-depending dispersion. The current study included two groups of Sprague-Dawley rats: control group and a group of animals having moderate thoracic spinal cord contusion injury. Control animals demonstrated stable dispersion indicators for 6 weeks of follow-up. In the experimental group, a tendency to the improvement of motor function in hind limbs between 1 and 3 weeks was revealed followed by stabilization and preservation of both indicators between 3 and 6 weeks. Provided method based on the measurement of joint angles adjusted to the movement direction axis followed by calculation of indicators of variance of a random variable and amplitude-depending variance can be an effective and objective alternative for motor function evaluation.","PeriodicalId":78355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental medical sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83509129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood glucose regulating hormones and their physiological and biochemical roles","authors":"Maqsuduulah Mujtahid","doi":"10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6570","url":null,"abstract":"Regulation and coordination of different body organs is important in multicellular organisms. Hormones and the nervous system participate in this synchronization. Hormones are the compounds and chemical messengers produced by cells, glands, or special tissues called the endocrine system and released into the bloodstream. In addition to the hormones, blood is consist of proteins, sugars, lipids, vitamins, etc. Blood sugar is glucose which produces energy in the body. Regular blood glucose levels vary at different ages and exceed 120-170 mg / dl. It is harmful and even fatal to increase or decrease it from the normal level, so the concentration of glucose dissolved in plasma was subject to tight regulation and various regulatory mechanisms were developed thereon. Hormones cortisol, glucagon, adrenaline, and glucocorticoids are the major regulators. These substances are tracked regularly to prevent blood glucose from rising and dropping. Insulin consists of hyperglycemia, as well as other hormones. The mechanism by which it affects the metabolism of the food (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins) prevents hypoglycemia in several respects.","PeriodicalId":78355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental medical sciences","volume":"93 1","pages":"44-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83209513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Larvicidal activity of some selected medicinal plant extracts against the vector of filariasis","authors":"A. B. Umar, A. H. Dankaka, M. M. Shah","doi":"10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6550","url":null,"abstract":"The present study assessed the role of larvicidal activities of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol dried leaf and bark extracts of Ocimum gratissimum, Gleditsia triacanthos, Eucalyptus sglobulus and Azadirachta aindica against the fourth instar larvae of filariasis vector, Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae). Larvicidal activities of four medicinal plant extracts were studied in the range of 4.69 to 1000 mg/l in the laboratory bioassays against early 4th instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. The mortality data were subjected to probit analysis to determine the lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) to kill 50 and 90 per cent of the treated larvae of the respective species. All plant extracts showed moderate effects after 24 h of exposure; however, the highest toxic effect of leaf methanol extract of Ocimum gratissimum, bark ethyl acetate extract of Eucalyptus globulus, methanol extract of Azadirachta indicia and methanol bark extract of Gleditsia triacanthos against the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus with LC50=43.00, 41.02, 40.12 and 20.36 mg/l; LC90=278.32, 218.72, 215.01 and 86.29 mg/l respectively. The result of findings shows that leaf and bark extract of G. tricantha, A .indica, O. gratissimum and E .globulus can be developed as ecofriendly larvicides.","PeriodicalId":78355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental medical sciences","volume":"428 2 1","pages":"41-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77865889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the efficiency of base and multiplicative selection indices for yield and quality traits in Cassava","authors":"S. Ntivuguruzwa, R. Edema, P. Gibson, M. E. B. Alladassi, A. Nduwumuremyi, W. Abincha, R. Kawuki","doi":"10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6256","url":null,"abstract":"The efficiency of two selection indices; base index and multiplicative index was compared to determine the effectiveness of each in identifying superior genotypes in cassava (Manihot esculent Crantz) population. Genotypic data on various yield and quality traits among 570 cassava genotypes were used to construct these selection indices. The efficiency of these indices was compared by determining the performance means of each genotype for studied traits and computing selection differentials of each index. Best linear unbiased predictions (BLUPs) for dry matter content and harvest index were also used for comparison of the two selection indices. Base index produced high performance means of all five studied traits and proved to be more efficient compared to multiplicative index in improvement of cassava genotypes. In addition, base index produced high selection differentials for three out of five studied traits. It was concluded that base index is useful in cassava germplasm selection.","PeriodicalId":78355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental medical sciences","volume":"25 9 1","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83684455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Floristic diversity and management of fodder resources of the natural pastures of the Savanna Highlands of Western Cameroon","authors":"W. Baudoin, Avana Tientcheu Marie Louise, Hamawa Yougouda, Nguetsop Victor François, Tsobou Roger, Ngnignindiwou Mouncharou Jonathan","doi":"10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6305","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable management of pastoral resources requires knowledge in terms of floristic diversity and productivity of the rangelands. The objective of the present study carried out in the Bamboutos Mountains was to assess the floristic diversity and carrying capacity of the natural pastures. Floristic inventory was done using the method of quadrat point aligned in 15 plots of 400 m2. Aerial phytomass of herbaceous plants was measured by the full harvest method. A total of 74 species, including 09 woody plants belonging to 56 genera and 20 families were recorded. The number of taxa recorded in the plots varied from 11 to 36 species. Imperata cylindrica with a specific contribution of presence of 17.45% was the most abundant species in the rangeland. The species-richest families were Poaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae and Cyperaceae. The calculated pastoral value of the pasture was 56.21%. These pastures were dominated by phanerophytes (29.72%) and therophytes (24.32%). The forage productivity of the grazed area, estimated based on the regrowth biomass was 6498.57 kg DM/ha while the carrying capacity of the rangeland was 2.31 TLU/ha. These results showed that the fodder potential of the Bamboutos Mountains is enough diversified but remains under exploited.","PeriodicalId":78355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental medical sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72502959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical screening and antifungal potentials of Citrus limon peels against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizopus stolonifer causing rots in water melon (Citrullus lanatus L.)","authors":"L.U. Bashir, A. Abdulkadir, M. Shah, A. Hamisu, U. Sharif, A. Kamalu","doi":"10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6206","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the phytochemical constituents and antifungal potential of Citrus limon peels using aqueous and methanol extracts against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizopus stolonifer causing rots in water melon. The result of phytocemical screening revealed the presence of Saponin, Tannin, Phenols, Alkaloid and Flavanoid. Pathogenicity test conducted showed that F. oxysporum and R. stolonifer causes rots of Citrullus lanatus. The extracts inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum (76.67% and 60.00 %) methanol and aqueous respectively. R. stolonifer growth was inhibited (85.93% and 71.11%) methanol and aqueous extracts. The fungitoxicity of synthetic fungicide Benomyl was 95.56%. The methanol extracts has highest inhibitory activity than aqueous extract. The result of the findings indicates the Biofungicide potentials of Citrus limon peels as alternative to synthetic fungicide in management of phyto-pathogens of water lemon.","PeriodicalId":78355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental medical sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90313903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ATM Shield: Analysis of Multitier Security Issues of ATM in the Context of Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Raqibul Hasan Rumman, Atish Sarker, Md. Majharul Islam, M. Hoque, Robin Kuri","doi":"10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6201","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last decade, consumers have been largely dependent on and trust the Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) to conveniently meet their banking needs. However, despite the numerous advantages of ATM system, ATM fraud has recently become more widespread. In this paper, we provide an overview of the possible fraudulent activities that may be perpetrated against ATMs and investigates recommended approaches to prevent these types of frauds. In particular, we develop a prototype model for the utilization of three tier security equipped ATM to provide security solutions against must of the well-known breaches. In this research article, the tools and techniques of ATM fraud are contemplated. A secure three layer electronic transaction mechanism of ATM is developed to prevent ATM frauds. In this three layer authentication systems the users can improve ATM security against frauds and crimes.","PeriodicalId":78355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental medical sciences","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79988972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive constituents and allelopathic activities of the invasive weed Ranunculus sceleratus L. Nile Delta, Egypt","authors":"M. Serag, A. Khedr, Yasser Ahmed El-Amier, S. M. El-Afify","doi":"10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/jes.2020.v11.6035","url":null,"abstract":"Allelopathy is the biochemical interactions between plants that results from the activity of different phytochemicals synthesized by higher plants. Many plants show pronounced allelopathic activity [1-4] due to their capability to synthesize variable allelochemicals that release into the environment by leaching from leaves, degradation of plant residues, volatilization and root exudation [5] and could influence the life of some surrounding plants and animals [6]. There are several classes of allelochemicals include phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids and steroids [7]. Such allelochemicals influence plant growth and development and could be used to reduce weed pathogens and enhance crops yield [8].","PeriodicalId":78355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental medical sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89342233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PERFORMANCE OF AUS RICE IN DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMS AND CROP ESTABLISHMENT METHOD IN SOUTHWEST BANGLADESH","authors":"L. Bari, Sharif Ahmed","doi":"10.25081/JES.2018.V9.3577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/JES.2018.V9.3577","url":null,"abstract":"High labor wage and irrigation water scarcity are the major constraints to becoming rice production less profitable and unsustainable in Bangladesh. To address these problems, rice production needed less water and less labor consuming production technologies. In traditional rice production systems which is puddled-transplanted rice (PTR), a significant amount of water and labor are used for tillage (wet) and transplanting operations.A farmers’ participatory on-farm trial was conducted to evaluate the performance of aus rice at different tillage systems and crop establishment methods in the southern part of Bangladesh. Wet tillage (puddled systems) to dry-tillage and transplanted rice to direct dry-seeded rice (DSR) may have the potential to reduce production cost by using less labor and water, resulting in higher profit. The trial examined tillage systems (strip tillage, reduced tillage and puddling) and crop establishment methods (direct dry-seeded and transplanted) in six farmers’ fields in aus 2015. Crop established by reducedand strip-tillage in DSR conditions reduced crop duration by 7 days compared to PTR. Grain yield (4.4-4.6 t ha-1) was similar in DSR which is established by reducedand strip-tillage conditions and PTR; however, total production cost in DSR was 15-18% lower than the PTR. Slightly higher but significantly similar gross income was recorded in PTR than DSR, however, net profit was significantly lower in PTR and it was due to higher production cost involvement. DSR has the potentiality of similar yield to PTR and reduces production cost which increases the net profit of rice production. KEYWORDs: Agricultural mechanization, dry-seeded rice, strip-tillage, reduced-tillage, aus rice. Copyright: © 2018 The authors. This article is open access and licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, or format for any purpose, even commercially provided the work is properly cited. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. Regular Article Received: February 22, 2018 Accepted: May 01, 2018 Published: May 11, 2018 *Corresponding Author: Sharif Ahmed Email: s.ahmed@irri.org ISSN: 2218-1768","PeriodicalId":78355,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental medical sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"05-08"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73700460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}