Journal of atherosclerosis research最新文献

{"title":"Calcification of epicardial stretches of bridged coronary arteries in man","authors":"A. Zechmeister","doi":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80047-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80047-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Calcium deposits in the wall of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery were investigated in hearts with myocardial bridges of the ant. descending branch and in hearts without these bridges, <em>i.e.</em>, where this branch ran an epicardial course. The results showed the amount of calcium to be twice as high when bridges were present as when they were absent. Increased calcium deposits appear during the course of atheromatosis. The differences in calcification between the bridged and unbridged arteries show the highest degree of statistical significance in the third degree of atheromatosis.</p><p>Myocardial bridges begin to exercise their effect during the 5th decade of life when calcification in the arterial wall is sharply accelerated. The greatest difference between the two groups is seen in the 6th decade.</p><p>In bridged cases, increased calcium deposit occurs in the sections proximal and distal to the bridge, while the section covered by the bridge is comparable to the amount of calcium found in all three segments of the unbridged specimens.</p><p>The position of the bridge was found to influence the amount of calcium deposited, with only bridges lying proximally (distance from bifurcation of the left coronary artery to the proximal edge of the bridge on the ant. descending and circumflex branches, 3.5 cm) having an effect. Muscular bridges lying distally had no influence on the deposits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":78351,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis research","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 121-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80047-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16844232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of phospholipids on platelet electrophoretic mobility","authors":"J.R. Hampton ,&nbsp;C.H. Bolton","doi":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80048-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80048-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effects of natural and synthetic phospholipids on platelet electrophoretic mobility have been studied. The only phospholipids to have consistent effects were lecithin and lysolecithin. Lecithin decreased and lysolecithin increased postcontact mobility. Platelet sensitivity to adenosine diphosphate was increased by lecithin only in the presence of fresh plasma, whilst lysolecithin caused a similar increase whether or not fresh plasma was present. It was noted that the amounts of added phospholipid that caused these changes were lower than those present in plasma.</p><p>The possible mechanism and significance of these changes, and their relevance to the problem of arterial disease, are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":78351,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis research","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 131-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80048-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16844234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro incorporation of 14C-labelled oleic acid into combined lipid by foam cells isolated from rabbit atheromatous lesions","authors":"A.J. Day,&nbsp;R.K. Tume","doi":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80049-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80049-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Foam cells obtained from rabbit atherosclerotic lesions were incubated <em>in vitro</em> with [¹⁴C]sodium oleate: the uptake of the fatty acid and its subsequent incorporation into other lipid fractions was determined. Most of the fatty acid taken up by the cells was incorporated into phospholipid (predominantly phosphatidylcholine) and into cholesterol ester with lesser amounts into triglyceride. The specific activity of the phospholipid-oleic acid was greater than that of the cholesterol ester-oleic acid indicating that the phospholipid had the greater fractional turnover rate. The possible pathways for the synthesis of phospholipid and cholesterol ester by these cells and the significance of such synthesis in the pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic lesion is discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":78351,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis research","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 141-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80049-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16844236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum lactic dehydrogenase isoenzyme patterns in coronary atherosclerosis","authors":"E.I. Chazov,&nbsp;V.N. Smirnov,&nbsp;A.P. Zisko,&nbsp;V.M. Stark","doi":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80055-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80055-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Attempts to use enzyme tests for the study of myocardial injury in coronary atherosclerosis have been made by several authors^1–4. These studies included the determination of serum aspartate aminotransferase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, creatine kinase, aldolase, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), etc. The conclusions drawn were quite similar: assays of enzyme activities in serum failed to reveal myocardial injury caused by ischemia. Ladue <em>et al</em>.⁴ arrived at the same conclusion in the study of experimental ischemia in rabbits.</p><p>The purpose of this investigation was to study the serum LDH isoenzyme patterns of patients with coronary atherosclerosis. The data obtained suggest that the determination of the LDH isoenzymes in serum may serve as a quantitative test for evaluating the degree of myocardial injury in patients with coronary atherosclerosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":78351,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis research","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 203-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80055-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16844246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activation of β-glucuronidase by β-lipoprotein, and inhibition of this effect by sulphated polysaccharide","authors":"F. Kuzuya,&nbsp;T. Oguri","doi":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80057-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80057-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A purified <em>β</em>-lipoprotein fraction (<em>S_f</em> 10-100) was found to activate <em>β</em>-glucur-onidase (calf-liver source) and to decrease the inhibiting effect of dextran sulphate on the enzyme. Conversely, dextran sulphate decreased the activation of <em>β</em>-glucur-onidase by <em>β</em>-lipoprotein. It is tentatively suggested that this action of <em>β</em>-lipoprotein might play a part in the development of atherosclerosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":78351,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis research","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 215-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80057-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16844244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atherosclerosis of the aorta and coronary vessels of the heart in cases of various diseases","authors":"A.M. Vihert,&nbsp;V.S. Zhdanov,&nbsp;E.E. Matova","doi":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80053-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80053-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The authors investigated the occurrence of atherosclerosis in “healthy” people (selected accidental deaths), in people, who died of complications due to atherosclerosis, and in some diseases: <em>i.e.</em>, diabetes, hypertensive disease, renal hypertension and malignant tumours. In their observations, they used the visuo-planimetric method of estimation of vascular atherosclerotic changes recommended by the WHO.</p><p>In diabetics under the age of 50, extensive atherosclerosis was found in only 16 of the 38 patients. In some of these 16 cases, the duration of diabetes was over 8 years (in 8 cases). The accelerated development of atherosclerotic changes (mostly fibrous plaques) was usually observed in 1 or 2 vessels out of the 5 studied.</p><p>In some instances, despite a long duration of diabetes in young people, the authors did not note any accelerated development of atherosclerotic changes as compared with the control groups.</p><p>In people of 50 years of age and over, atherosclerotic changes in diabetics were as pronounced as in those who died of atherosclerosis unattended with diabetes.</p><p>Hypertension of any etiology (essential, renal) involves a more pronounced atherosclerosis of the aorta than found in healthy people or those who died of complications due to atherosclerosis unattended with hypertension.</p><p>The average area of atherosclerotic changes in the right coronary artery in patients with essential hypertension is larger than in persons who died of complications due to atherosclerosis but did not suffer from hypertension. The differences in the descending branch of the left coronary artery are less pronounced, although there is a tendency towards more severe lesions of this vessel in patients with essential hypertension, especially in men.</p><p>In patients 30–39 years of age suffering from symptomatic renal hypertension, atherosclerosis of the aorta is more intensive than in patients with essential hypertension. There is also a tendency towards an increase in the area of atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries in patients suffering from symptomatic hypertension, especially between the ages of 30 and 39. After 40, the intensity of atherosclerosis in these two groups is essentially the same.</p><p>In cases of new malignant growths, atherosclerotic changes in the aorta and coronary arteries were less prevalent than in cases of other ailments studied (diabetes, essential hypertension, symptomatic hypertension). In their prevalence, however, they differed little from atherosclerotic changes in healthy people.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":78351,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis research","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 179-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80053-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16844240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atherosclerosis initiated by mechanical trauma in normo-lipidemic rabbits","authors":"S. Björkerud","doi":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80056-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80056-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To imitate effects of hemodynamic trauma, superficial defects were induced mechanically in the aorta of normo-lipidemic rabbits. After longitudinal trauma, transient, fibro-elastic intimai thickenings developed. The gross structure of the wall was restored in 8 weeks. After transverse trauma, lipid-rich, non-regressive intimai thickenings formed. The results suggest mechanical trauma as possible initial factor in atherogenesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":78351,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis research","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 209-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80056-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16844248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis on rat liver ubiquinone","authors":"W.E.J. Phillips,&nbsp;R.L. Brien","doi":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80046-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80046-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p></p><ul><li><span>(1)</span><span><p>Three hypocholesterolemic agents that act <em>in vivo</em> by inhibition of cholesterol synthesis were studied in regard to their effect on liver ubiquinone and vitamin A levels.</p></span></li><li><span>(2)</span><span><p>Benzmalacene, SK and F No. 525A and AY9944 although modifying iso-prenoid synthesis did not lower liver ubiquinones of the rat.</p></span></li><li><span>(3)</span><span><p>None of the inhibitors studied adversely affected vitamin A metabolism as indicated by liver stores of the vitamin.</p></span></li></ul></div>","PeriodicalId":78351,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis research","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 113-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80046-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16844233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An investigation by tissue culture techniques on the growth of foam cells isolated from rabbit atherosclerotic lesions","authors":"R.K. Tume,&nbsp;T.R. Bradley,&nbsp;A.J. Day","doi":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80050-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80050-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growth potential of foam cells isolated from atherosclerotic lesions in cholesterol-fed rabbits has been studied using cell culture techniques. Attempts were made to grow the cells in media with various serum supplements, in conditioned medium and on fibroblastic feeder layers, but no colonial growth was obtained under any of the conditions investigated. It was concluded that mature foam cells do not multiply under these conditions, and the significance of these observations has been discussed with respect to the origin of foam cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":78351,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis research","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 151-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80050-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16844238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induction of atheroma in cockerels as a model for studying alterations in blood flow","authors":"R.G. Gosling ,&nbsp;J.A. Hayes,&nbsp;W. Segre-Mackay","doi":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80065-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80065-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A diet of mainly crushed boiled egg fed to 21-day-old cockerels induces accelerated atherosclerotic lesions with similar distribution to spontaneous lesions. The experimental lesions are a closer approximation to spontaneous lesions than is produced by feeding the diet to newborn chicks, and occurred in 7 out of 10 birds on the diet. The serum cholesterol levels were 5–10 times greater than in the controls; no significant differences were found in haemoglobin, packed cell volume or erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The lesions have similarity to those found in man with respect to distribution and pathological appearance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":78351,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis research","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 47-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0368-1319(69)80065-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16854346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}