{"title":"Porous Dust Clusters in Protoplanetary Disks as Catalysts for Formation of Complex Preorganic Compounds","authors":"A. V. Rusol","doi":"10.1134/S0038094624600938","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0038094624600938","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Computer modeling has shown that, during the collisional evolution of a solid-state component in gas–dust protoplanetary disks, porous dust clusters of widely ranging sizes are formed. Clusters of this kind have a well-developed internal structure that is topologically similar to the structure of porous catalysts, adsorbents, and carriers used in the organic synthesis technology. On the other hand, observational data currently obtained by such instruments as the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) show that complex preorganic compounds rather than only water and volatiles are present in protoplanetary disks. This suggests the possibility that, in protoplanetary disks, there are mechanisms of capturing complex chemical compounds by porous dust clusters and transporting these compounds to warmer regions during migration. When getting to warmer regions of protoplanetary disks, dust clusters undergo a change in the pore space, which may increase the surface holding the captured compounds and, hence, intensify their reactivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":778,"journal":{"name":"Solar System Research","volume":"58 1 supplement","pages":"S40 - S49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Some Thoughts on Discoveries in Astrobiology","authors":"A. Yu. Rozanov","doi":"10.1134/S0038094624601002","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0038094624601002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Analysis of meteorites and terrestrial rocks using modern bacterial paleontology methods leads to the conclusion that Life did not originate on Earth, but originated in the form of a protogenome during the formation of the Solar System. Micron and submicron organisms have existed since the origin of the Solar System to the Phanerozoic and into the Phanerozoic on Earth. The study of this organic world can seriously change the understanding of the general development of the living world and the patterns of its evolution, as well as our understanding of the volume of minerals associated with the Precambrian.</p>","PeriodicalId":778,"journal":{"name":"Solar System Research","volume":"58 1 supplement","pages":"S4 - S8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Search for Extraterrestrial Life: the “Goldilocks Zone” vs. the “Snow Maiden Zone”","authors":"M. V. Ragul’skaya","doi":"10.1134/S0038094624601099","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0038094624601099","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper examines two habitable zones with different physical conditions on exoplanets: planets with liquid water on the surface and conditions close to Earth’s (“Goldilocks Zone”), and cold worlds with icy surfaces and subsurface oceans (“Snow Maiden Zone”). The mechanisms of exchange of matter and energy between subglacial oceans and the surrounding space are discussed. It is noted that the biospheres of icy worlds with internal oceans are better protected from unfavorable external cosmic conditions. Subglacial biospheres are weakly dependent on the radiation intensity and flare activity of their parent stars, and the number of planets in the Universe with the physical conditions of the icy Snow Maiden Zone significantly exceeds the number of planets in the very limited Goldilocks Zone. It can be assumed that it is the biospheres of icy oceanic worlds that are much more widespread in the Universe compared to terrestrial-type biospheres.</p>","PeriodicalId":778,"journal":{"name":"Solar System Research","volume":"58 1 supplement","pages":"S30 - S39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Survival and Transfer of Microorganisms beyond the Earth: To What Extent are Microorganisms Tolerant to External Influences?","authors":"V. S. Cheptsov","doi":"10.1134/S0038094624601087","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0038094624601087","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study of microorganism tolerance to extreme influences is an integral part of astrobiology. Despite the large number of works in this field, the limits of maintaining viability and activity remain uncertain, and they are probably much wider than the currently known boundaries, especially taking into account the adaptive capabilities of microorganisms. In the vast majority of astrobiological experiments, a very limited set of organisms and the impact of a small number of factors are studied. It seems natural that research gradually develops from modeling simple systems (pure cultures and single-factor impacts) to more complex ones, closer to hypothetical extraterrestrial ecosystems. Nevertheless, studies of the most complex systems (microbial communities under the complex action of extraterrestrial conditions in laboratory and space experiments) are still extremely few in number. At the same time, some features of multifactor impacts and the response of complex microbial systems to such impacts are often given little attention. This paper attempts to summarize some data on the tolerance of microorganisms to extreme factors of extraterrestrial space, as well as to outline a number of insufficiently studied promising fields of astrobiological research.</p>","PeriodicalId":778,"journal":{"name":"Solar System Research","volume":"58 1 supplement","pages":"S87 - S104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Astronomical Aspects of the Origin and Development of Life","authors":"V. N. Obridko, M. V. Ragul’skaya, V. N. Snytnikov","doi":"10.1134/S0038094624601300","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0038094624601300","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The concept of the origin of life outside the Earth is currently one of the dominant directions of theoretical, experimental and observational scientific research. The problem of the origin of life is interdisciplinary and includes the most pressing issues of astronomy, biology, paleontology, organic chemistry and other sciences. This issue of the journal is devoted to the astronomical aspects of the origin and development of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":778,"journal":{"name":"Solar System Research","volume":"58 1 supplement","pages":"S1 - S3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. A. Popandopulo, A. G. Alexandrova, N. A. Kucheryavchenko, T. V. Bordovitsyna, D. S. Krasavin
{"title":"Improved Numerical Model of Motion of Artificial Satellites of the Moon and its Application in Research Features of the Dynamics of Circumlunar Objects","authors":"N. A. Popandopulo, A. G. Alexandrova, N. A. Kucheryavchenko, T. V. Bordovitsyna, D. S. Krasavin","doi":"10.1134/S0038094624700539","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0038094624700539","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper describes the improvements made by the authors to the previously published Numerical Model of the Motion of Artificial Lunar Satellites (ALS). The results of a study of the dynamics of cislunar objects obtained by numerical modeling are presented. It is shown that the short lifespan of low-flying objects in orbits, revealed by a number of authors, is explained solely by the influence of the complex gravitational field of the Moon, primarily the radial component of the force acting on the satellites. The features of the influence of light pressure (LP) on cislunar objects are considered. It is shown that LP expands the range of action of apsidal-nodal resonances that arise in the movement of cislunar objects.</p>","PeriodicalId":778,"journal":{"name":"Solar System Research","volume":"58 6","pages":"780 - 800"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. A. Voropaev, N. V. Dushenko, A. P. Krivenko, V. S. Fedulov, E. V. Zharkova, V. G. Senin
{"title":"Features of Degassing of the Main Silicate Minerals in the Temperature Range 200–1000°C","authors":"S. A. Voropaev, N. V. Dushenko, A. P. Krivenko, V. S. Fedulov, E. V. Zharkova, V. G. Senin","doi":"10.1134/S0038094624700515","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0038094624700515","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The degassing of basic silicate minerals (olivines, pyroxenes, plagioclases) that make up mantle rocks similar in chemical composition to lunar mare basalts has been studied. A setup specially designed for these tasks was used, previously used in the study of chondrite degassing. The results of experimental studies on stepwise heating (without accumulation) with determination of the composition of released gases using gas chromatography methods in the temperature range from 200 to 1000°C are presented. The composition of the released gases was compared with the fugacity of oxygen in olivines. Raman and IR spectra of both the original minerals and minerals after isothermal annealing at various temperatures were obtained. Based on them, the course of thermal transformation of the crystalline structure of minerals was traced and estimates of their stability were obtained. The composition of silicate minerals was compared with samples of lunar soil delivered by the Chinese space mission <i>Chang’e-5</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":778,"journal":{"name":"Solar System Research","volume":"58 6","pages":"682 - 695"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Solution of the Euler–Lambert Problem Based on the Okhotsimsky–Egorov Ballistic Approach","authors":"A. V. Ivanyukhin, V. V. Ivashkin","doi":"10.1134/S0038094624700527","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0038094624700527","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper propose the method for solving the Euler–Lambert problem proposed by V.A. Egorov and based on the works by D.E. Okhotsimsky, devoted to the analysis of a set of flight trajectories between two given points in the central Newtonian field. When considering the Euler–Lambert problem as the inverse problem of ballistics (dynamics), we have succeeded in developing a new effective method for determining the orbit corresponding to a given flight time. It is logical to name this approach the Okhotsimsky–Egorov method. In the considered approach, the parameter of the set of flights is the initial flight-path angle. The advantages of the proposed method are the limited and understandable structure of the domain of definition of solutions, the simplicity and clarity of the algorithm, and the clear dependence of the solution on the initial velocity. It enables a qualitative analysis of flight trajectories and the construction of effective numerical methods. To solve the Euler–Lambert problem Halley’s numerical method was used. A computational complexity analysis of considered algorithm was carried out and demonstrated its high efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":778,"journal":{"name":"Solar System Research","volume":"58 6","pages":"769 - 779"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Y. Tugaenko, A. V. Vodolazhsky, R. A. Evdokimov
{"title":"Formation of Particles during Surface Destruction of Space Bodies Moving in the Atmosphere","authors":"V. Y. Tugaenko, A. V. Vodolazhsky, R. A. Evdokimov","doi":"10.1134/S0038094624700540","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0038094624700540","url":null,"abstract":"<p>When passing through the Earth’s atmosphere, cosmic bodies are subjected to significant loads due to the impact of high-speed gas flow on their surface. Under the influence of aerodynamic forces and strong heat flows, these bodies are destroyed. The mechanisms of destruction depend on their composition, structure, speed, size and strength. Artificial space bodies move in the atmosphere, generally maintaining their orientation in space, and reach the surface, maintaining integrity due to their high strength. As a result of surface destruction of the frontal part of these bodies, destruction products enter the plasma layer surrounding them when moving in the atmosphere. The design features of the Soyuz descent vehicle made it possible to study the dust component of the plasma layer from the deposits deposited on the porthole. Data on particles detected on the surface of the spacecraft are analyzed, and the results of a statistical analysis of the resulting particle size distribution are presented. It is shown that the distribution curve is well described by a power law.</p>","PeriodicalId":778,"journal":{"name":"Solar System Research","volume":"58 6","pages":"709 - 714"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aerostat Probe for Studying the Atmosphere and Surface of Venus","authors":"V. K. Sysoev, D. S. Khmel, E. N. Slyuta","doi":"10.1134/S0038094624600823","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0038094624600823","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on the successful landings of landing modules (LM) on the surface and the introduction of aerostat probes (AP) into the air, the feasibility of exploring Venus by an AP drifting in the cloud layer of its atmosphere using short-term descents and landings on its surface has been substantiated. Mathematical modeling was performed to confirm the feasibility of short-term AP drops with a scientific package (SP) in a thermostatted compartment for sampling soil, aerosols and gases and remote sensing (RS) in various regions remote from each other near the surface of the planet Venus for their analysis during a long drift at the height of the cloud layer. Using the example of individual SP devices for geochemical and geophysical studies of Venusian rocks, the scenario and capabilities of AP are shown, which significantly expand both the range of scientific tasks to be solved and the capabilities of the scientific equipment itself.</p>","PeriodicalId":778,"journal":{"name":"Solar System Research","volume":"58 6","pages":"640 - 649"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}