Psychopharmacology. Supplementum最新文献_第2页

Medical treatment of dystonia. 肌张力障碍的医学治疗。

Psychopharmacology. Supplementum Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_14

H Pakkenberg, B Pedersen

引用次数: 8

Influence of GABA mimetics and lithium on biochemical manifestations of striatal dopamine target cell hypersensitivity. GABA模拟物和锂对纹状体多巴胺靶细胞超敏反应生化表现的影响。

Psychopharmacology. Supplementum Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_5

B Scatton, D Fage, A Oblin, B Zivkovic, S Arbilla, S Z Langer, G Bartholini

引用次数: 6

Receptor-binding profiles of neuroleptics. 抗精神病药的受体结合谱。

Psychopharmacology. Supplementum Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_2

J Hyttel, J J Larsen, A V Christensen, J Arnt

引用次数: 133

Pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia. 迟发性运动障碍的病理生理学。

Psychopharmacology. Supplementum Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_23

L M Gunne, J E Häggström

引用次数: 11

GABA dysfunction in the pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia. GABA功能障碍与迟发性运动障碍的病理生理关系。

Psychopharmacology. Supplementum Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_16

C A Tamminga, G K Thaker, T N Chase

引用次数: 12

Chemical and structural changes in the brain in patients with movement disorder. 运动障碍患者大脑的化学和结构变化。

Psychopharmacology. Supplementum Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_13

A J Cross, T J Crow, I N Ferrier, J A Johnson, E C Johnstone, F Owen, D G Owens, M Poulter

{"title":"Chemical and structural changes in the brain in patients with movement disorder.","authors":"A J Cross, T J Crow, I N Ferrier, J A Johnson, E C Johnstone, F Owen, D G Owens, M Poulter","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_13","url":null,"abstract":"Neurochemical indices of dopaminergic function were assessed in basal ganglia of post-mortem brains of control subjects and schizophrenic patients who had been rated in life for the presence of movement disorder and neuroleptic intake. In schizophrenics who had been treated chronically with doses of neuroleptics, concentrations of dopamine D2 receptors were significantly increased above controls, whereas dopamine D1 receptors and dopamine metabolism were unchanged. Increased D2 receptors were also observed in basal ganglia of drug-free patients. Concentrations of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in schizophrenics with movement disorder. Moreover, no relationship was found between dopamine receptor levels and the severity of movement disorder. Concentrations of the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid were increased in the putamen and nucleus accumbens in a small number of patients with movement disorder compared with controls or patients without movement disorder. No changes were observed in markers of cholinergic and GABA-containing neurones. The present findings are not consistent with a \"dopamine receptor hypersensitivity\" concept of movement disorder in schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":77887,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology. Supplementum","volume":"2 ","pages":"104-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13997316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

The effect of dopamine antagonists in spontaneous and tardive dyskinesia. 多巴胺拮抗剂在自发性和迟发性运动障碍中的作用。

Psychopharmacology. Supplementum Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_15

R Fog

引用次数: 2

Behavioral effects of long-term neuroleptic treatment in Cebus monkeys. 脑猴长期抗精神病药物治疗对行为的影响。

Psychopharmacology. Supplementum Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_26

D E Casey

{"title":"Behavioral effects of long-term neuroleptic treatment in Cebus monkeys.","authors":"D E Casey","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_26","url":null,"abstract":"Tardive dyskinesia (TD) occurs in predisposed individuals receiving neuroleptic treatment, but prior to the onset of symptoms it is not possible to predict who is at risk for this disorder. If the time course for evolving symptoms, perhaps mediated through dopamine hypersensitivity, could be identified, treatment interventions could be initiated. Eight male Cebus monkeys (15-18 years old) were tested with the dopamine agonists apomorphine, d-amphetamine, bromocriptine, and pergolide before, during, and after 3 months of treatment with haloperidol 0.25 mg/kg daily PO. This treatment cycle was repeated four times. Apomorphine and amphetamine produced moderate buccolinguo-masticatory (BLM) signs. Bromocriptine and pergolide produced very few BLMs. Initially haloperidol suppressed dopamine agonist-induced BLMs, but tolerance to the effect developed and was replaced by a potentiation of apomorphine-induced BLMs. Markedly increased apomorphine- and amphetamine-induced BLMs were seen following the first 3 months of haloperidol medication (behavioral hypersensitivity), but this gradually decreased to near-baseline levels, even with re-exposure to neuroleptics in the four treatment cycles. Bromocriptine and pergolide produced no signs of BLM behavioral hypersensitivity. These findings suggest that long-term neuroleptic treatment in nonhuman primates induces dynamic compensatory CNS changes, which may not fully explain the pathogenesis of TD on the basis of dopamine hypersensitivity.","PeriodicalId":77887,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology. Supplementum","volume":"2 ","pages":"211-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14975045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Tardive dyskinesia: reversible and irreversible. 迟发性运动障碍:可逆和不可逆。

Psychopharmacology. Supplementum Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_11

D E Casey

{"title":"Tardive dyskinesia: reversible and irreversible.","authors":"D E Casey","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_11","url":null,"abstract":"The long-term prognosis of tardive dyskinesia (TD) has been insufficiently studied. Symptoms are reversible in many patients, but an irreversible course is widely believed to be the expected outcome. This pessimistic view has led to the assumption that neuroleptics should not be used in patients with TD because these drugs will produce an inevitable aggravation of TD. To clarify this issue, 27 patients were serially evaluated over 5 years for changes in neuroleptic treatment, TD, and mental status. Ten patients were able to discontinue medications; 15 required continued low-dose neuroleptic therapy [average 223 mg/day chlorpromazine (CPZ) equivalents], and two needed high doses (1000-2000 mg/day CPZ equivalents) to control psychosis. The majority of patients improved by more than 50% in both treated and untreated groups. In 8 of 27 patients (29.6%) TD resolved; in 1 patient TD increased by 25%. Younger patients improved the most. Prognosis was most favorable if neuroleptics were discontinued, but improvement was still possible with low to moderate doses (less than 600 mg/day CPZ equivalents). The large majority of patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective illness relapsed, and required continued drug treatment. TD must be evaluated over several years to monitor the resolving/persisting course. Control of psychosis and improvement of TD during low-dose neuroleptic treatment suggest the antipsychotic and neurological effects of neuroleptics may involve different thresholds or mechanisms of action.","PeriodicalId":77887,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology. Supplementum","volume":"2 ","pages":"88-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13996354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 50

Tardive dyskinesia: nondopaminergic treatment approaches. 迟发性运动障碍:非多巴胺能治疗方法。

Psychopharmacology. Supplementum Pub Date : 1985-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_18

D E Casey

{"title":"Tardive dyskinesia: nondopaminergic treatment approaches.","authors":"D E Casey","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70140-5_18","url":null,"abstract":"The continuing concern about tardive dyskinesia (TD) has stimulated a broad search for therapies for this disorder. Since neuroleptic drugs are thought to be the etiological agents, acting presumably through dopamine receptor blockade, nondopaminergic drugs have been the focus of recent study. However, no uniformly safe and effective drug treatment has been identified. Augmentation of cholinergic function is theoretically attractive, but further research is needed to develop practical and effective compounds. GABA drugs do not consistently suppress TD. The effect of benzodiazepines in TD is unclear, but these agents may be of some temporary benefit in patients with distressing symptoms. Lithium, serotonergic compounds, and numerous neuropeptides all fail to have any consistent effect in TD. Early reports of benefit with alpha- and beta-noradrenergic agents are interesting but require further study. Many other drug types have been tried without benefit. For the majority of patients, it may be best to give no drug treatment. Any drug that is capable of suppressing TD may aggravate the disorder in the long term. The potential for a spontaneous gradual remission of TD is an argument in favor of a patient, nonaggressive, and cautiously optimistic approach to this disorder.","PeriodicalId":77887,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology. Supplementum","volume":"2 ","pages":"137-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13997994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6