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Evaluating the affective and cognitive effects of a drug: theoretical and methodological considerations. 评估药物的情感和认知效应:理论和方法上的考虑。
Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Supplement Pub Date : 1989-01-01
R Jouvent
{"title":"Evaluating the affective and cognitive effects of a drug: theoretical and methodological considerations.","authors":"R Jouvent","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current research leads to new drugs with new properties which are clinically screened toward a sum of traditional validation methods and clinical expression of biological models. Two complementary but different theoretical procedures underlie clinical studies. Drugs can be evaluated in \"categorial\" or \"dimensional\" perspective. In the first case, their effects are studied on a nosographic entity (for example meeting DSM III criteria for dementia or depression) by global scales whatever clinical heterogeneity or biological specific properties of the drug. In the second case, drugs effects are assessed on a single clinical dimension constituting a continuous parameter from normal to pathological state. Result of these different levels of organisation cannot be compared or correlate. Irrespect of this principle led, in the past, to confusion and lack of interpretable results. A coherent approach may clarify all the process of development of new drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":77833,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Supplement","volume":"1 ","pages":"165-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13809707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Models of human memory. 人类记忆模型。
Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Supplement Pub Date : 1989-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/c2013-0-11246-9
Guy Tiberghien
{"title":"Models of human memory.","authors":"Guy Tiberghien","doi":"10.1016/c2013-0-11246-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/c2013-0-11246-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77833,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Supplement","volume":"1 1","pages":"37-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54149874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 42
Memory training programs as a reference to the clinical evaluation of drugs in memory disorders. 记忆训练方案作为临床评价记忆障碍药物的参考。
Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Supplement Pub Date : 1989-01-01
L Israël
{"title":"Memory training programs as a reference to the clinical evaluation of drugs in memory disorders.","authors":"L Israël","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77833,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Supplement","volume":"1 ","pages":"223-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13809710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative study of two types of cholinergic lesion in rats. 两种大鼠胆碱能损伤的比较研究。
Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Supplement Pub Date : 1989-01-01
W Mayo
{"title":"Comparative study of two types of cholinergic lesion in rats.","authors":"W Mayo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cholinergic systems of the forebrain may be divided in two major sub-units: the septohippocampal system and the innominate-cortical system. This analysis is limited to the behavioral effects of lesions of pathway origins i.e. Medial Septal Area (MSA) and Nucleus Basalis of Meynert (NBM). Working memory is regularly involved by MSA lesion; NBM lesions also seem to affect working memory but is more often the cause of altered reference memory. However, multiple techniques of lesions are used, impairing interpretation of all the results by their bias and discrepancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":77833,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Supplement","volume":"1 ","pages":"91-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13810357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Noradrenergic-cholinergic interaction: its possible role in memory dysfunction associated with senile dementia. 去甲肾上腺素能-胆碱能相互作用:在老年痴呆相关记忆功能障碍中的可能作用。
Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Supplement Pub Date : 1989-01-01
S J Sara
{"title":"Noradrenergic-cholinergic interaction: its possible role in memory dysfunction associated with senile dementia.","authors":"S J Sara","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past 10 years, cholinergic deficits have been strongly correlated with memory dysfunction. On the other hand the lack of efficacy of direct or indirect cholinergic drugs has led to research in other neurotransmitter systems. Several authors have found miscellaneous results in NE and metabolites levels and in monoamine enzyme activities. These discrepancies have lead to discussions about the homogeneity of the disease. Animal lesion studies point out the importance of the septo-hippocampal cholinergic pathway and the interrelations between ACh and NE in the hippocampal formation. The author performed a series of experiments in rats in which hippocampal ACh activity was reduced (fornix section or destruction of cells in the medial septum) and the NE system modified by clonidine or neurotoxic lesions. The hypothesis was that a lesion of the cholinergic pathway leads to an enhancement of NE activity which inhibits spared ACh neurons. The alpha-2 agonist clonidine would interrupt this loop by decreasing of NE release. Results provide arguments for the author's theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":77833,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Supplement","volume":"1 ","pages":"99-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13712119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical trials in memory disorders: objectives and methodology. 记忆障碍的临床试验:目的和方法。
Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Supplement Pub Date : 1989-01-01
A Alperovitch
{"title":"Clinical trials in memory disorders: objectives and methodology.","authors":"A Alperovitch","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77833,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Supplement","volume":"1 ","pages":"207-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13897750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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